PUBLIC LAW 101-380 —AUG. 18, 1990 104 STAT. 523 master or mate licensed to direct and control the vessel under section 7101(c)(l) of this title who is separate and distinct from the pilot required under subsection (a) of this section.". (c) ESCORTS FOR CERTAIN TANKERS.— Not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall initiate issuance of regulations under section 3703(a)(3) of title 46, United States Code, to define those areas, including Prince William Sound, Alaska, and Rosario Strait and Puget Sound, Washington (including those portions of the Strait of Juan de Fuca east of Port Angeles, Haro Strait, and the Strait of Georgia subject to United States jurisdiction), on which single hulled tankers over 5,000 gross tons transporting oil in bulk shall be escorted by at least two towing vessels (as defined under section 2101 of title 46, United States Code) or other vessels considered appropriate by the Secretary. (d) TANKER DEFINED. —In this section the term "tanker" has the same meaning the term has in section 2101 of title 46, United States Code. SEC. 4117. MARITIME POLLUTION PREVENTION TRAINING PROGRAM STUDY. The Secretary shall conduct a study to determine the feasibility of a Maritime Oil Pollution Prevention Training program to be carried out in cooperation with approved maritime training institutions. The study shall assess the costs and benefits of transferring suitable vessels to selected maritime training institutions, equipping the vessels for oil spill response, and training students in oil pollution response skills. The study shall be completed and transmitted to the Congress no later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act. SEC. 4118. VESSEL COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT REGULATIONS. The Secretary shall, not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, issue regulations necessary to ensure that vessels subject to the Vessel Bridge-to-Bridge Radiotelephone Act of 1971 (33 U.S.C. 1203) are also equipped as necessary to— (1) receive radio marine navigation safety warnings; and (2) engage in radio communications on designated frequencies with the Coast Guard, and such other vessels and stations as may be specified by the Secretary. Regulations. Alaska. Washington. 46 USC 3703 note. 46 USC 3703 note. 46 USC app. 1295 note. 33 USC 1203 note. Subtitle B—Removal SEC. 4201. FEDERAL REMOVAL AUTHORITY. (a) IN GENERAL.—Subsection (c) of section 311 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1321(c)) is amended to read as follows: "(c) FEDERAL REMOVAL AUTHORITY. — "(1) GENERAL REMOVAL REQUIREMENT. —(A) The President shall, in accordance with the National Contingency Plan and any appropriate Area Contingency Plan, ensure effective and immediate removal of a discharge, and mitigation or prevention of a substantial threat of a discharge, of oil or a hazardous substance— > "(i) into or on the navigable waters; "(ii) on the adjoining shorelines to the navigable waters; President of U.S. Hazardous materials.
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