115 STAT. 1964 PUBLIC LAW 107-110-^AN. 8, 2002 "(xii) as a whole, are regularly evaluated for their impact on increased teacher effectiveness and improved student academic achievement, with the findings of the evaluations used to improve the quality of professional development; "(xiii) provide instruction in methods of teaching children with special needs; "(xiv) include instruction in the use of data and assessments to inform and instruct classroom practice; and "(xv) include instruction in ways that teachers, principals, pupil services personnel, and school administrators may work more effectively with parents; and "(B) may include activities that— "(i) involve the forming of partnerships with institutions of higher education to establish schoolbased teacher training programs that provide prospective teachers and beginning teachers with an opportunity to work under the guidance of experienced teachers and college faculty; "(ii) create programs to enable paraprofessionals (assisting teachers employed by a local educational agency receiving assistance under part A of title I) to obtain the education necessary for those paraprofessionals to become certified and licensed teachers; and "(iii) provide follow-up training to teachers who have participated in activities described in subparagraph (A) or another clause of this subparagraph that are designed to ensure that the knowledge and skills learned by the teachers are implemented in the classroom. "(35) PUBLIC TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENTITY.— The term 'public telecommunications entity' has the meaning given that term in section 397(12) of the Communications Act of 1934. " (36) PUPIL SERVICES PERSONNEL; PUPIL SERVICES. — "(A) PUPIL SERVICES PERSONNEL.—The term 'pupil services personnel' means school counselors, school social workers, school psychologists, and other qualified professional personnel involved in providing assessment, diagnosis, counseling, educational, therapeutic, and other necessary services (including related services as that term is defined in section 602 of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act) as part of a comprehensive program to meet student needs. "(B) PUPIL SERVICES. —The term 'pupil services' means the services provided by pupil services personnel. "(37) SCIENTIFICALLY BASED RESEARCH.— The term 'scientif- ically based research'— "(A) means research that involves the application of rigorous, systematic, and objective procedures to obtain reliable and valid knowledge relevant to education activities and programs; and "(B) includes research that— "(i) employs systematic, empirical methods that draw on observation or experiment;
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