116 STAT. 2368 PUBLIC LAW 107-305—NOV. 27, 2002 (B) expand and improve the pool of information security professionals, including researchers, in the United States workforce; and (C) better coordinate information sharing and collaboration among industry, government, and academic research projects. (6) While African-Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans constitute 25 percent of the total United States workforce and 30 percent of the college-age population, members of these minorities comprise less than 7 percent of the United States computer and information science workforce. 15 USC 7402. SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. In this Act: (1) DIRECTOR. —The term "Director" means the Director of the National Science Foundation. (2) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION.— The term "institution of higher education" has the meaning given that term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)). 15 USC 7403. SEC. 4. NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION RESEARCH. (a) COMPUTER AND NETWORK SECURITY RESEARCH GRANTS.— (1) IN GENERAL. —The Director shall award grants for basic research on innovative approaches to the structure of computer and network hardware and software that are aimed at enhancing computer security. Research areas may include— (A) authentication, cryptography, and other secure data communications technology; (B) computer forensics and intrusion detection; (C) reliability of computer and network applications, middleware, operating systems, control systems, and communications infrastructure; (D) privacy and confidentiality; (E) network security architecture, including tools for security administration and analysis; (F) emerging threats; (G) vulnerability assessments and techniques for quantifying risk; (H) remote access and wireless security; and (I) enhancement of lav.' enforcement ability to detect, investigate, and prosecute cyber-crimes, including those that involve piracy of intellectual property. (2) MERIT REVIEW; COMPETITION.— Grants shall be awarded under this section on a merit-reviewed competitive basis. (3) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. — There are authorized to be appropriated to the National Science Foundation to carry out this subsection— (A) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2003; (B) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2004; (C) $46,000,000 for fiscal year 2005; (D) $52,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; and (E) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2007. (b) COMPUTER AND NETWORK SECURITY RESEARCH CENTERS. — (1) IN GENERAL.— The Director shall award multiyear grants, subject to the availability of appropriations, to institutions of higher education, nonprofit research institutions, or
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