52 STAT.] 75TH CONG., 3 D SESS.-CH. 30 -FEB . 16, 1938 PARITY PAYMENTS SEC. 303 . If and when appropriations are made therefor, the Secre- tary is authorized and directed to make payments to producers of corn, wheat, cotton, rice, or tobacco, on their normal production of such commodities in amounts which, together with the proceeds thereof, will provide a return to such producers which is as nearly equal to parity price as the funds so made available will permit. All funds available for such payments with respect to these commodities shall, unless otherwise provided by law, be apportioned to these commodities in proportion to the amount by which each fails to reach the parity income. Such payments shall be in addition to and not in substitution for any other payments authorized by law. CONSUMER SAFEGUARDS SEC. 304. The powers conferred under this Act shall not be used to discourage the production of supplies of foods and fibers sufficient to maintain normal domestic human consumption as determined by the Secretary from the records of domestic human consumption in the years 1920 to 1929, inclusive, taking into consideration increased population, quantities of any commodity that were forced into domes- tic consumption by decline in exports during such period, current trends in domestic consumption and exports of particular commodi- ties, and the quantities of substitutes available for domestic con- sumption within any general class of food commodities. In carrying out the purposes of this Act it shall be the duty of the Secretary to give due regard to the maintenance of a continuous and stable supply of agricultural commodities from domestic production adequate to meet consumer demand at prices fair to both producers and consumers. SUBTITLE B-MARKETING QUOTAS PART I-MARKETING QUOTAS-TOBACCO LEGISLATIVE FINDING SEC. 311 (a) The marketing of tobacco constitutes one of the great basic industries of the United States with ramifying activities which directly affect interstate and foreign commerce at every point and stable conditions therein are necessary to the general welfare. Tobacco produced for market is sold on a Nation-wide market and, with its products, moves almost wholly in interstate and foreign commerce from the producer to the ultimate consumer. The farm- ers producing such commodity are subject in their operations to uncontrollable natural causes, are widely scattered throughout the Nation, in many cases such farmers carry on their farming operations on borrowed money or leased lands, and are not so situated as to be able to organize effectively, as can labor and industry through unions and corporations enjoying Government protection and sanction. For these reasons, among others, the farmers are unable without Federal assistance to control effectively the orderly marketing of such commodity with the result that abnormally excessive supplies thereof are produced and dumped indiscriminately on the Nation- wide market. (b) The disorderly marketing of such abnormally excessive sup- plies affects, burdens, and obstructs interstate and foreign commerce by (1) materially affecting the volume of such commodity marketed therein, (2) disrupting the orderly marketing of such commodity therein, (3) reducing the price for such commodity with consequent injury and destruction of interstate and foreign commerce in such Parity payments on normal production. Post, p. 819. Apportionment of funds. Consumer safe- guards. Production suffi- cient to maintain nor- mal domestic human consumption. Continuous supply adequate to meet con- sumer demand. Subtitle B-Mar- keting quotas. Part I-Tobacco. Legislative finding. 45
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