55 STAT.] GREAT BRITAIN, CANADA-NAVAL AND AIR BASES-MAR . 27,1941 (2) The said rights, power and authority shall include, inter alia, the right, power and authority:- (a) to construct (including dredging and filling), maintain, operate, use, occupy and control the said Bases; (b) to improve and deepen the harbours, channels, entrances and anchorages, and generally to fit the premises for use as naval and air bases; (c) to control, so far as may be required for the efficient operation of the Bases, and within the limits of military necessity, anchorages, moorings and movements of ships and water- borne craft and the anchorages, moorings, landings, take-offs, movements and operations of aircraft; (d) to regulate and control within the Leased Areas all com- munications within, to and from the areas leased; (e) to install, maintain, use and operate under-sea and other defences, defence devices and controls, including detecting and other similar facilities. (3) In the exercise of the above-mentioned rights, the United States agrees that the powers granted to it outside the Leased Areas will not be used unreasonably or, unless required by military necessity, so as to interfere with the necessary rights of navigation, aviation or communication to or from or within the Territories, but that they shall be used in the spirit of the fourth clause of the Preamble. (4) In the practical application outside the Leased Areas of the foregoing paragraphs there shall be, as occasion requires, consultation between the Government of the United States and the Government of the United Kingdom. ARTICLE II. Special Emergency Powers. When the United States is engaged in war or in time of other emergency, the Government of the United Kingdom agree that the United States may exercise in the Territories and surrounding waters or air spaces all such rights, power and authority as may be necessary for conducting any military operations deemed desirable by the United States, but these rights will be exercised with all possible regard to the spirit of the fourth clause of the Preamble. ARTICLE III. Non-user. The United States shall be under no obligation to improve the Leased Areas or any part thereof for use as naval or air bases, or to exercise any right, power or authority granted in respect of the Leased Areas, or to maintain forces therein, or to provide for the defence thereof; but if and so long as any Leased Area, or any part thereof, is not used by the United States for the purposes in this Agreement set forth, the Government of the United Kingdom or 1561
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