57 STAT.] PANAMA--LEASE OF DEFENSE SITES-MAY 18, 1942 the Canal. This gives no right to commercial exploitation or utiliza- tion of the soil or subsoil, or of adjacent beaches and streams. ARTICLE III. Military and naval aircraft of Panama shall be authorized to land at and take off from the airports established within the areas referred to in Article I. Similarly, military and naval aircraft of the United States shall be authorized to use military and naval airports established by the Republic of Panama. The regulations covering such reciprocal use shall be embodied in an agreement to be negotiated by the appro- priate authorities of the two countries. ARTICLE IV. The Republic of Panama retains its sovereignty over the areas of land and water mentioned in the Memorandum referred to in Article I and the air space thereover, as well as complete jurisdiction in civil matters, provided, however, that during the period of temporary oc- cupation contemplated by this Agreement, the Government of the United States shall have complete use of such areas and exclusive jurisdiction in all respects over the civil and military personnel of the United States situated therein, and their families, and shall be em- powered, moreover, to exclude such persons as it sees fit without regard to nationality, from these areas, without prejudice to the provisions of the second paragraph of Article I of this Agreement, and to arrest, try and punish all persons who, in such areas, maliciously commit any crime against the safety of the military installations therein; provided, however, that any Panamanian citizen arrested or detained on any charges shall be delivered to the authorities of the Republic of Panama for trial and punishment. ARTICLE V. The Republic of Panama and the United States reiterate their under- standing of the temporary character of the occupation of the defense sites covered by this Agreement. Consequently, the United States, recognizing the importance of the cooperation given by Panama in making these temporary defense sites available and also recognizing the burden which the occupation of these sites imposes upon the Republic of Panama, expressly undertakes the obligation to evacuate the lands to which this contract refers and to terminate completely the use thereof, at the latest within one year after the date on which the definitive treaty of peace which brings about the cessation of the present war, shall have entered into effect. It is understood, as has been expressed in Article I, that if within this period the two Govern- ments believe that in spite of the cessation of hostilities, a state of international insecurity continues to exist which makes vitally neces- sary the continuation of the use of any of the said defense bases or sites, the two Governments shall again enter into mutual consultation and shall conclude the new Agreement which the circumstances require. 1233 Reciprocal use of airports. Sovereignty and jurisdiction. Reiteration of tcm- plorary character of occulpation.
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