90 STAT. 1400
PUBLIC LAW 94-437—SEPT. 30, 1976
Public Law 94-437 94th Congress An Act Sept. 30, 1976 [S. 522]
Indian Health Care Improvement Act 25 USC 1601 note. 25 USC 1601.
To implement the Federal responsibility for the care and education of the Indian people by improving the services and facilities of Federal Indian health programs and encouraging maximum participation of Indians in such programs, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That this Act may be cited as the "Indian Health Care Improvement Act". FINDINGS
SEC. 2. The Congress finds that— (a) Federal health services to maintain and improve the health of the Indians are consonant with and required by the Federal Government's historical and unique legal relationship with, and resulting responsibility to, the American Indian people. (b) A major national goal of the United States is to provide the quantity and quality of health services which will permit the health status of Indians to be raised to the highest possible level and to encourage the maximum participation of Indians in the planning and management of those services. (c) Federal health services to Indians have resulted in a reduction in the prevalence and incidence of preventable illnesses among, and unnecessary and premature deaths of, Indians. (d) Despite such services, the unmet health needs of the American Indian people are severe and the health status of the Indians is far below that of the general population of the United States. For example, for Indians compared to all Americans in 1971, the tuberculosis death rate was over four and one-half times greater, the influenza and pneumonia death rate over one and one-half times greater, and the infant death rate approximately 20 per centum greater. (e) All other Federal services and programs in fulfillment of the Federal responsibility to Indians are jeopardized by the low health status of the American Indian people. (f) Further improvement in Indian health is imperiled by— (1) inadequate, outdated, inefficient, and undermanned facilities. For example, only twenty-four of fifty-one Indian Health Service hospitals are accredited by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals; only thirty-one meet national fire and safety codes; and fifty-two locations with Indian populations have been identified as requiring either new or replacement health centers and stations, or clinics remodeled for improved or additional service; (2) shortage of personnel. For example, about one-half of the Service hospitals, four-fifths of the Service hospital outpatient clinics, and one-half of the Service health clinics meet only 80 per centum of staffing standards for their respective services; (3) insufficient services in such areas as laboratory, hospital inpatient and outpatient, eye care and mental health services, and services available through contracts with private physicians, clinics, and agencies. For example, about 90 per centum of the surgical operations needed for otitis media have not been performed, over 57 per centum of required dental services remain to be provided, and about 98 per centum of hearing aid requirements are unmet; (4) related support factors. For example, over seven hundred housing units are needed for staff at remote Service facilities;
�
