A HISTORY OF ESSEX was held by Ulmar, a free man, as a manor and as i hide and 40 acres. Now R[alf the son of Turold holds it] of the bishop. Then 1 bordar. Then as now (semper) 2 serfs and I plough. 1 Wood(land) for 40 swine, (and) 10 acres of meadow. It is worth 20 shillings. HUNDRET OF TENDRINGE TORINDUNA [Thorrington] was held by Adstan as I (uno) manor and as 4 hides. Now Ralf (the son of Turold holds it) of the bishop similarly (pro tantundem). And (it was) Turold of Ri'vecestra [Rochester] 8 who seized (invasit) this land. Then as now (semper) 3 villeins, 9 bordars, and 5 serfs. Then 2 ploughs on the demesne ; now i ; but a third (plough) could be employed (potest esse). Then the men had between them (in- ter homines] 2^ ploughs; now i. Wood- (land) for 100 swine, (and) I acre of meadow, pasture for 100 sheep. (There are) now I mill, (and) I saltpan. Then as now (semper) it was worth 4 pounds. A certain man held in EILESFORDA [Aires- ford] half a hide, which Turold seized (invasit) like (sicut) the other land ; and when he re- ceived it (recepit), there was half a plough ; now (there is) none ; but there could be. And the Hundret (court) knows not how he had (///) this land ; and, as neither a representative (Legates 3 ) nor any other man came on his behalf to prove his right to this land, it is (taken) in(to) the king's hand with the rest. Then and afterwards it was worth 10 shillings; now 5 (shillings) and 4 pence. HUNDRET OF TURESTAPLA [THURSTABLE] TOLESHUNTA [Tolleshunt 4 ] was held by Oslac, a free man, as i hide. Now the bishop holds it similarly (pro tantundem). Then fo. 96 2 bordars ; now 3 ; now I serf. Then I plough ; now a half. Wood(land) for 30 swine, and pasture for 60 sheep. It was then worth 20 shillings ; afterwards and now 3. 1 The words ' on the demesne ' are probably omitted here.
- Father of Ralf the tenant.
3 This use of ' Legatus ' for the representative of any one but the king is remarkable. The entry possibly refers to a half hide spoken of under the king's manor of Lawford (see p. 435, note 7, above and Introduction, p. 412).
- This manor has not been identified.
XIX. THE LAND OF THE BISHOP OF HEREFORD In WRITA [Writtle] the bishop holds 2 hides and 20 acres, of which (hides) one was the church's (in ecclesia) in King Edward's time, and the other (in) Harold's fee (feudo). Then as now (semper) 3 villeins and i priest. Then 2 bordars ; now 8. Then 2 serfs ; now none. Then as now (semper) i plough on the demesne and 2 ploughs belonging to the men. Wood (land) for 100 swine, and 8 acres of meadow. It is worth 50 shillings. 8 XX. THE LANDS OF COUNT EUSTACE 6 IN ESSEX (EXSESSA) HUNDRET OF BERDESTAPLA [BARSTABLE] PHOBINGE [Fobbing] was held by Brictmar, a thegn of King Edward, as 5 hides and as I (uno) manor. Now Count Eustace holds it in demesne. Then as now (semper) 4 ploughs on the demesne, and 5 ploughs be- longing to the men. Then 8 villeins ; now 3. Then 8 bordars; now 22. Then 12 serfs ; now 6. Wood(land) for 700 swine, pasture for 700 sheep, (and) a moiety of a fishery (piscinte). (There are) 31 swine, 700 sheep, and 1 7 (goats ?). From this land 30 acres were taken by Turold and are (now appurtenant) to the Bishop of Bayeux' fief. 7 Ingelric, 8 besides this, added to this manor 22 free men holding 15^ hides and 15^ acres, in whose (qua) land there were and are (sem- per) 12 ploughs, and 20 bordars, and 3 serfs ; wood(land there) for 50 swine, 10 acres of meadow, (and) pasture for 400 sheep ; (there is) a third of a fishery (piscina:)^ and there could be added 3^ ploughs. The manor was then worth 20 pounds, and the land of the sokemen 9 1 2 pounds ; now the whole to- gether (inter totum) 36 pounds. HORNINDUNA [Horndon (on the hill)], which was held by Ulvric, a free man, as i (uno) manor and as 2 hides and 50 acres, is held of 6 This is a duplicate entry (see p. 434 above). It is noteworthy that ' the king's fee ' of the other entry becomes here ' Harold's fee ' (compare p. 336 above). 6 Of Boulogne. 7 See under Vange (p. 454 above). 8 The count's predecessor. 9 It is important to observe that these socemannl are the Rberi homines spoken of just before. Here then the two terms are distinctly equated (see In- troduction, p. 358). 460
