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A HISTORY OF RUTLAND the point where the long earthen bank, touches the stream a great dam is built across the latter, by which a large pond is formed. Braunston (viii, 8). — North-west of the village on the hill-side above the northern bank of the River Gwash are various traces of entrenchments of no definite form. They extend to the boundaries of Flitteris Park, and on the summit of the hill fragments of early pottery have been thrown up by the plough. In the same parish is a part of the ' Old Leicester Lane,' a sunken road 3 ft. deep. Edith Weston (ix, 12). — Adjacent to the grass-grown foundations of the Alien Priory are the low quadrangular banks of field divisions, and to the west of the priory grounds is the ancient fish-pond, with a stream flowing in at one end, and out of the other, on its course to the River Gwash. EssENDiNE (vii, 10). — South-east of Essendine Castle, 4 miles north-east- by-north from Stamford, situated on high ground overlooking the village, are long lines of parallel entrenchments taking a general direction from the north- east to the south-west. At their north-eastern extremity they consist of two ramparts and two trenches, but after a short distance they are increased to four ramparts and three trenches (the latter on the village side of the ramparts), and vary from 3 ft. to 5 ft. in depth. Towards the south-west the lines curve in a westerly direction and decrease in number to three ramparts and two trenches. On a natural projection from the hillside on which the entrenchments are cut is a tumulus. ExTON (v, 12). — Four miles north-east-by-east from Oakham is the site of Exton Old Hall ; on the east and south-east of the plateau on which it stands is a triple terrace, each of the two upper banks having a height of 5 ft. and the lower one of 3 ft. above the ground-level. Horn (vi, 9). — Close to the homestead moat (Class F) a dam is built across the river and extensive ponds are formed. Langham (iv, 12). — On Ranksborough Hill, 3 miles north-west from Oakham, is the supposed site of a Roman settlement, but of the earthworks a scarped platform is all that remains. LiDDiNGTON (xiii, 1 4). — One and a half miles south-by-east from Uppingham, an elabo- rate series of excavated trenches are situated in a field north-east of the church. These were the fish-stews belonging to the old manor-house of the Bishops of Lincoln. One embracing rectangular trench 7 ft. deep contains three long ponds, each of them about 2 ft. deep. All these ponds were probably supplied with water pumped from a stream which flows on the northern and eastern sides, the outlet into the same stream being at the south-eastern angle. At the south-west the inclosing bank — formed by an outer excavation — is 26 ft. wide, with a flat top ; to the south-west of this another trench 118 n^^^ ^^^^• SCALE OF FEET 100 200 300 I I Fish Stews at Liddington