Page:Vedic Grammar.djvu/250

I. ALLGEMEINES UND SPRACHE. 4. VEDIC GRAMMAR. n. mahás. Ab. m. druhás, mahás; rti-şáhas. f. druhás G. m. druhás, mahás*; a-drúhas, anadúhas (AV.), pṛtanā-ṣáhas; with strong form: abhimati-sahas³. - f. druhás, mihás; pra-sáhas. - n. mahás; puru-sprhas. L. m. anaduhi (AV.) 4. f. upa-náhi (AV.) 'shoe', pari-náhi (AV.). V. 1. m. turā-ṣāṭ (VS. x. 22), pṛtanā-ṣāṭ (AV.), havya-vāṭ. dhuk (AV.). - f. á-dhruk 5. 2. m. go- 240 — - — —— Du. N. A. V. I. m. anaḍ-váhau, indra-váhã and indra-váhau 'conveying Indra', dhur-sahau (VS.Iv. 33) 'bearing the yoke'; shortened: carşani-saha, ratha-sáhā 'drawing the chariot'. - 2. m. a-drúhā, án-abhidruha 'not inimical', puru-spŕha. f. a-drúha, a-druhā. - n. mahí. Pl. N. V. 1. m. anaḍ-váhas (AV.), indra-váhas, turya-váhas (VS. XXIV. 12), ditya-váhas (VS.), pastha-váhas (VS.), prsti-váhas (AV.) 'carrying on the sides', vajra-váhas 'wielding a thunderbolt', vīra-váhas, saha-váhas 'drawing together', susthu-váhas ‘carrying well, havya-váhas; abhimāti-ṣáhas, satrū-ṣáhas; shortened: V. carṣaṇī-sahas. 2. m. drúhas, mahás6; a-drúhas, V. a-druhas, go-dúhas, puru-spŕhas, V. puru-sprhas. I - f.¹ míhas, rúhas'sprouts'; a-drúhas, ā-rúhas (AV.) ‘shoots', ghrta-dúhas 'giving ghee', puru-drúhas ‘injuring greatly', puru-spfhas, pra-rúhas (AV.) 'shoots', mano-muhas (AV.) 'bewildering the mind', vi-srúhas. A. m. druhás, mahás, a-drúhas, anadúhas (AV.), puru-spŕhas. f. drúhas, nihas (AV. VS.) 'destroyers', mihas, rúhas (AV.); akṣā-náhas 'tied to the axle', a-drúhas, upa-rúhas 'shoots', pra-rúhas (AV.), sam-dihas 'mounds'.. D. m. anadúdbhyas (AV.) f. sarádbhyas 'bees'. G. m. mahám, carşani-sáhām (VS. xxvIII. 1). - L. m. anadútsu. ¹ ámhas (VI. 3¹) is probably not an Ab. of ámh 'distress' (which does not occur else- where), but by haplology for ámhas-as, which is very frequent. 2 There is also the transition form mahásya. 3 The Pada text has -sáhas. 4 There is also the transition form mahé - (m. n.). 5 See WHITNEY's note on AV. VII. 736. 7. Stems in semivowels: r, y, v. 353. This group forms a transition from the consonant to the vowel declension inasmuch as the stem often assumes a vocalic form before endings with initial consonant, and in some cases takes endings which otherwise appear in the vowel declension only. The - stems are nearest the consonant declension as their radical division conforms almost without exception to that type; their derivative division, however, has several points in common with the inflexion of vowel stems. 1. Stems ending in -r. 354. A. Radical stems. Here the stems ending in radical must be distinguished from those in which the belongs to a suffix. The radical stems numbering over 50 are formed from some sixteen roots, the vowel of which is nearly always i or u. Only three of these stems contain a and only two a. Nearly a dozen are monosyllabic, but the rest (numbering over 40) are compounds, alınost a dozen of which are formed with -tur. 6 With irregular accent. 7 There are no neuters except the trans- ition forms mahá and maháni. 8 With irregular accent as if weak forms. Cp. above 94, note 6 and LANMAN 501 (middle). 9 The derivation of this word is uncertain: it is explained by Mahidhara as = nihanty-. WHITNEY (AV. 11. 65) would emend to nidas. IO There is also the transition form mahánām.