Page:Vedic Grammar.djvu/382

372 I. ALLGEMEINES UND SPRACHE. 4. VEDIC GRAMMAR. árudat (AV.), arudhat, áruhat, ávidat, avṛtat (AV.), avrdhat, avyat¹ (√vyā-), áśakat (AV.), asucat, áśramat (AV.), ásadat, ásanat, ásarat, ásicat (TS. III. 2.84), ásypat (AV.), áhvat'; adat² (V dā-), ápat, ärat, ästhat3 (AV.); trsat (AV.), dhatª ( √ dhữ-), bhúvat¹, vidát, sadat (AV.), sánat, sárat. Pl. I. aruhāma (VS. VIII. 52), ávidāma, ásanāma, áhvama; vydhamas (AV. v. 19). 2. ávyata¹; ārata. 3. akhyan, akraman (AV.), agaman (AV.), acchidan (AV.), ádrśan (TS. IV. 5. 1³), arudhan (AV.), áruhan, ávidan, avrjan, avrdhan (VS. xxxIII. 60), aśakan (AV.), ásadan, asanan, asaran, asican; ápan, āran, āsthanº (AV. XIII. 15); khyán, dhvasán7, vidán, sadan. - Middle. Sing. 1. áhve; hve (AV.). 3. akhyata, ávyata¹; arata; vyata ¹.- Pl. 1. šiṣāmahi ( √ šās-). 3. avidanta (AV.), ahvanta; áranta, kránta¹. a- Aorist Subjunctive. 509. The forms of this mood are rare and almost restricted to the active. — Active. Sing. 2. vidási; vidás. Du. I. ruháva. 2. vidāthas. 3. mucāti; vidát. 3. gamatas (AV. x. 74²). Pl. I. arama; radhāma, riṣāma, sadama. - 2. gamatha (AV.), riṣātha, vidātha; riṣāthana. - vidánta. - Middle. Sing. 3. mucāte, śíṣātai (sis- 'leave', AV. II. 31³). Pl. I. işāmahe9 (AV. SV.). a- Aorist Injunctive. 510. Active. Sing. I. aram, khyam, dárśam, radham, risam, ruhám, vidam, sanam. 2. kradas, krudhas (AV.), khyás, guhas, grdhas (AV. VS.), druhas (AV.), mucás, vidas, risas (VS.x1.68; TS. IV. 1.9¹), sisas ('leave'), sadas, sypas (AV.). 3. kṣsudhat (AV.), khyat, grdhat (AV.), tanat, tamat, tṛṣat (AV.), dasat, dhrşát (Kh. Iv.1), bhraśat, mucat, risat, rudhat, rúhato, vidát, śişat, śramat, śrisat, śrúvat¹2, sadat, sánat¹º, srpat (AV.), sridhat. Pl. 3. aran, khyan, gáman (VS. xvII. 78), trpán, trṣan (VS. vI. 31), dṛśan, druhan, risan, vidan, sakan (AV.). Middle. Sing. 3. vidata (AV. XIII. 2³¹). Pl. I. aramahi (AV.); grhamahi. a- Aorist Optative. 511. This mood is rare and confined to the active in the RV., though three or four middle forms occur in the later Samhitās. Active. Sing. 1. āpeyam¹³ (AV.), gameyam, drseyam, bhideyam (AV.), I Transfer form. 2 A transfer form: see p. 366, note ¹². 3 See p. 327, note_5. 4 práti dhat (IV. 275). 5 WHITNEY, note on AV. v. 19, would in stead of ávim vṛdhāma read (with Paipp.) ávīvydhama. 6 A transfer form from Vsthā-; cp. WHIT- NEY's note on AV. XIII. 15. 3- aranta, budhánta, mrsanta, 7 With loss of medial nasal, from Vdhvams-. 8 This form is probably a corrupt reading for the passive šişyátai: see WHITNEY's note on AV. II. 31³. 9 For sisamahi of RV. VIII. 24¹. 10 With accent on the radical syllable. II From sās- 'order', with accent on the root. 12 It is hard to decide whether this form, which occurs only once (1. 127³) beside the regular śrávat, should be classed here as an injunctive of the a- aorist, or as an irregular subjunctive of the root-class following the analogy of bhuvat (cp. 502). 13 In prápeyam (AV. III. 20%), analyzed in the Pada text as prá ápeyam; cp. WHITNEY'S note on the passage.