Mr. Chang Kuo-kan
張國淦字乾若
Mr. Chang Kuo-kan was born at P'u-ch'i Hsien, Hupei Province, in 1873. Ho received a thorough education in Chinese, in 1903 he became a Chu jen or Provincial Graduate, through competitive examinations. He was a pupil of former President Hsu Shih-chang. In the Ching time, Mr. Chang was an Expectant Taotai in Heilungkiang. Later he became a member of the Bureau for the Compilation of Constitutional Laws. From June 1911 to January 1912 Mr. Chang was assistant chief of the Statistics Bureau of the State Council or Cabinet. From May to October 1912, he was Chief of the Civil Service Bureau of the Cabinet. From October 1912 to October 1913 he was Chief Secretary of the Cabinet. On May 15, 1914 he was appointed Vice-Minister of the Interior, but on the 14th he resigned on account of mourning. In November 1914 Mr. Chang was ap-
