General Chang Tso-lin
張作霖字雨亭
General Chang Tso-lin was born at Haichen Hsien, Fengtien Province, in 1876. He received no education in his youth, but his bravery and initative distinguished him and signed him out to be a powerful leader among a class of outlaws known as Hungutzu. During the Russo-Japanese War General Chang fought on the side of Japan and rendered no small service to the Mikado. In 1906 General Chang surrendered to Chao Erh-hsun who was then the Tartar General of Mukden (Fengtien Chiangchun). A regime was immediately formed composed of his followers, with himself as Commanding Officer. A few years later he was promoted to be Commander of the Fengtien Defence Force in China in which capacity he rendered valuable service in the maintenence of peace and order through-
