A.H. 11
Khazraj, jealous of each other as we have seen, Beside these were the Refugees, those namely who had followed Moḥammad in exile from Mecca or elsewhere, and were now settled at Medīna. Again, Companion was a title of honour given to all those who had enjoyed the special friendship of the Prophet. A few words may also be added here to revive the reader's recollection of the three Companions who turned the scale at the election of the Caliph.
Abu Bekr.Abu Bekr, threescore years of age, was somewhat short in stature, of spare frame, rounded back, and stooping gait. His face thin, smooth, and fair, nose aquiline and sharp, forehead high, eyes deep seated and far apart. His hair scanty; the beard, for many years white, now dyed red. His countenance still in old age handsome; the expression mild, but wise and resolute. To him faith in the Prophet had become a second nature and, now that his Master was gone, the disciple lived but to fulfil his will. It was this that nerved a disposition naturally soft and yielding, and made Abu Bekr, of all the followers of Moḥammad, the truest, firmest, and most resolute.
ʿOmar.ʿOmar, fifteen years younger, differed from Abu Bekr both in frame and temperament. Broad shouldered and tall, he towered above the crowd. Somewhat dark in complexion, the face was fresh and ruddy. His head was now bald; the beard dyed like his friend's; his stride long and his presence commanding. Naturally hasty and passionate, he would twist his moustache when angry and draw it downwards to his mouth. But time had mellowed temper; and, beneath an imperious manner, he was bland and courteous. Attachment to Moḥammad had, on these two friends, an effect exactly opposite. That which braced the soft nature of Abu Bekr, served but to abate the vehemence of ʿOmar. Both stood in a like relation to the Prophet. Ḥafṣa, ʿOmar's daughter, was one of Moḥammad's favourite wives; but ʿĀisha, the child of Abu Bekr, was Queen in his affections to the end.
Abu ʿObeid.On these two men at this moment hung the future of Islām. The third, Abu ʿObeida, was between them in age. Thin, tall, and sinewy, he was bald and with little beard. Mild, unassuming and unwarlike, Abu ʿObeida was yet destined to take a leading part in the conquest of Syria.
