King's Claver. See Common Melilot.
King's Spear. See Asphodel.
KINO, a gummy resinous substance, exuding from incisions made in a tree called Pau de Sangue, a native of the inland parts of Africa, but of which there is no botanical account.
From its sensible qualities, and also by its striking a black colour with a solution of green vitriol, this drug is remarkably astringent. It was first recommended by Dr. Fothergill, and is now often prescribed in diarrhœas, fluxes, &c. It affords an extract both in spirits and in water, but is more generally given in the form of a tincture, frorn one to two tea-spoonfuls, three or four times in 24 hours.
Kipper-nut. See Earth-nut.
KITCHEN, an apartment or room destined for the dressing of provisions, and preparing them for the table.
In 1794, a patent was granted to Mr. G. Stratton, for an improved kitchen-range, or stove, with an apparatus for the prevention of smoky chimnies. His invention is stated to be an improvement upon fire-places, by which great heat may be obtained from a small fire; by means of flues, connected either with the front, sides, back, or bottom of such grates, as occasion may require: it farther contains a contrivance for the immediate extinguishing of fire in chimnies; but, as his exclusive privilege is not expired, we refer the reader for particulars to the specification, given in the first vol. of the Repertory of Arts and Manufactures, where it is illustrated with an engraving.
A patent was likewise granted in 1780, to Mr. Brodie, for his invention of a ship's kitchen, including a stove, hearth, smoke-jack and iron boilers. These contrivances, however ingenious, are not connected with domestic economy; and the curious reader will find them detailed in the 7th vol. of the work before quoted.
KITCHEN-GARDEN, a piece of ground laid out for the cultivation of fruit, herbs, pulse, and other culinary vegetables.
A kitchen-garden ought to be situated on one side of the house, adjoining to the stable, whence the dung may be easily conveyed into the inclosure. As soon as the wall is built, Miller directs a border to be formed beneath it, from 8 to 10 feet in breadth, on which, if in a southern aspect, the earlier plants may be raised. On those borders which are exposed to the north, some late crops may be obtained; but no pease, beans, or other deep-rooted plants, should be set too near the fruit-trees.
The ground is next to be divided into quarters, the size of which ought to be proportioned to the extent of the garden: because, if these divisions be too small, the soil will be wasted in walks; and as the quarters are generally inclosed by espaliers of fruit-trees, the vegetables which may be planted there, will not thrive for want of sufficient exposure. The walks should, therefore, be proportioned to the size of the ground; and in a small garden, they ought not to exceed 8 feet; or, if it be a large one, from 12 to 14 feet in breadth. It will also be advisable to place a border, 3 or 4 feet wide, between such walk and the espalier, in which may be sown small salads, or any
