CHAPTER VI
THE SCALES
Sing all major scales from C upward.
Exercise 13.
For words and loose jaw.
![\relative f' { \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f \time 4/4 f16\p g f( g) f g f( g) a g a( g) a g a( g) | f2. r4 \bar ".." }
\addlyrics { la la la le le le li li li la le li la }](http://upload.wikimedia.org/score/j/v/jvnvlaq8vfuads4j3hx1y86zbphuid4/jvnvlaq8.png)
The jaw must be kept quite still and feel as if floating; the tongue must form consonants. Sing second time mf.
Exercise 14.
![\relative f' { \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f
\time 4/4 \repeat unfold 4 { f16( g a g) } f2. r4 \bar ".." }
\addlyrics { ah __ ah __ ah __ ah __ ah }
\addlyrics { e __ e __ e __ e __ e }
\addlyrics { i __ etc. }
\addlyrics { o __ }
\addlyrics { oo __ }](http://upload.wikimedia.org/score/t/e/tek4x50e4rde3dzgspmqnrsr72gaqub/tek4x50e.png)
Twice each vowel, slowly at first, or the notes will not be distinct.
Exercise 15.
![\relative d' { \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f \key d \major \repeat percent 2 { d16 fis d( fis) g e g( e) } d2. r4 \bar ".." }
\addlyrics { la la la la la la }
\addlyrics { e e e e e e }
\addlyrics { i i i i i i }](http://upload.wikimedia.org/score/k/5/k5ky26ocznbbtzs6t0x6n69xvr8rfgh/k5ky26oc.png)
Major thirds are very hard to sing. Boys often get a little flat on them.
Exercise 16.
![\relative e' { \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f \time 12/8 e8( d c) f( e d) g( f e) a( g f) b( a g) c( b a) d c b) c4\fermata \bar ".." }
\addlyrics { a a etc. }
\addlyrics { e e etc. }
\addlyrics { i i etc. }
\addlyrics { o o etc. }
\addlyrics { oo oo etc. }](http://upload.wikimedia.org/score/n/8/n8fc9p3nq1mmrzpn5eooxwf1qx9vuod/n8fc9p3n.png)
Slowly at first. See that the middle note is distinct.
Exercise 17.
![\relative c' { \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f
\time 12/8 c8( d e) d( e f) e( f g) f( g a) |
g( a b) a( b c) b( c d) c4\fermata \bar ".." }
\addlyrics { a a etc. }
\addlyrics { e e etc. }
\addlyrics { i i etc. }
\addlyrics { o o etc. }
\addlyrics { oo oo etc. }](http://upload.wikimedia.org/score/1/d/1d18ojenromwbyu3zlvjx3nchykqhpp/1d18ojen.png)
Exercise 18.
![\relative c'' { \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f \time 12/8 c( d e) b( c d) a( b c) g( a b) f( g a) e( f g) d( e f) c4\fermata \bar ".." }
\addlyrics { a }
\addlyrics { e }
\addlyrics { i }
\addlyrics { o }
\addlyrics { oo }](http://upload.wikimedia.org/score/r/h/rhh2wf3uj6p63bncuoa5aij94orp32e/rhh2wf3u.png)
In Exercises 16, 17, and 18 care must be taken not to unduly accentuate the first note of the group of three.
Exercise 19.
Staccato.![\relative f' { \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f f4^! f^! f^! f^! | f^! r r2 \bar ".." }
\addlyrics { oo o a e i }](http://upload.wikimedia.org/score/s/z/szar1332j4xya45a6ux4x1plttiuudi/szar1332.png)
The staccato must be effected by a sharp inward movement of the abdomen, similar to an attack (see Chapter IV); but no breath must be taken between the notes.
Exercise 20.
![\relative c' { \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f \time 12/4 \override BreathingSign.text = \markup { \musicglyph #"scripts.tickmark" } c4^\( e g c \override NoteHead.style = #'harmonic-mixed e g f d \revert NoteHead.style b g f d c\) \breathe e^\( g c \override NoteHead.style = #'harmonic-mixed e a f d \revert NoteHead.style b g f d | c\) \breathe e-.^\( g-. c-.\< \override NoteHead.style = #'harmonic-mixed e-.\) g^"and upward" ~ g2\!\fermata \bar ".." }
\addlyrics { oo }
\addlyrics { ah }](http://upload.wikimedia.org/score/7/a/7aimctk945iuszbs1jqq58iv491zy6j/7aimctk9.png)
Sing on all vowels, softly, paying particular attention to the staccato and slurred passages. Pause on last note.
Exercise 21.
![\relative c' { \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f \time 4/4 c( e\< g c\! | \once \override NoteHead.style = #'harmonic-black c\> g e | c\!) r r2 \bar ".." }
\addlyrics { ah }
\addlyrics { oo }](http://upload.wikimedia.org/score/s/e/segc53borsznowjro0o5pap43kdut0n/segc53bo.png)
Exercise 22.
![\relative c' { \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f \time 4/4 \tempo "Very slowly." c4^( cis d dis | e ees d des | c) r r2 \bar ".." } \addlyrics { ah }](http://upload.wikimedia.org/score/p/5/p5ph0yx1gd107x4lmerhp02s4sr9jxh/p5ph0yx1.png)
Note. Sometimes a fuller resonance is obtained by using "na" for vocalizing; this combination is also very useful for making the tongue active.