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The Sculptures and Inscription of Darius the Great on the Rock of Behistûn in Persia/The Persian Text/Epigraphs

< The Sculptures and Inscription of Darius the Great on the Rock of Behistûn in Persia‎ | The Persian Text


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EPIGRAPHS.

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A. Inscription over the figure of Darius.

1. § I. 𐏓 𐎠 𐎭 𐎶 𐏓 𐎭 𐎠 𐎼 𐎹 𐎺 𐎢 𐏁 𐏓 𐎧 𐏁 𐎠 𐎹 𐎰 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎺 𐏀 𐎼 𐎣 𐏓 𐎧 𐏁 𐎠 𐎹
2. 𐎰 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎧 𐏁 𐎠 𐎹 𐎰 𐎡 𐎹 𐎠 𐎴 𐎠 𐎶 𐏓 𐎧 𐏁 𐎠 𐎹 𐎰 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎱 𐎠 𐎼 𐎿 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎧 𐏁
3. 𐎠 𐎹 𐎰 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎭 𐏃 𐎹 𐎢 𐎴 𐎠 𐎶 𐏓 𐎻 𐏁 𐎫 𐎠 𐎿 𐎱 𐏃 𐎹 𐎠 𐏓 𐎱 𐎢 𐏂 𐏓
4. 𐎠 𐎼 𐏁 𐎠 𐎶 𐏃 𐎹 𐎠 𐏓 𐎴 𐎱 𐎠 𐏓 𐏃 𐎧 𐎠 𐎶 𐎴 𐎡 𐏁 𐎡 𐎹 ⁠ § II. 𐏓 𐎰 𐎠 𐎫 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎭 𐎠 𐎼
5. 𐎹 𐎺 𐎢 𐏁 𐏓 𐎧 𐏁 𐎠 𐎹 𐎰 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎶 𐎴 𐎠 𐏓 𐎱 𐎡 𐎫 𐎠 𐏓 𐎻 𐏁 𐎫 𐎠 𐎿 𐎱 𐏓 𐎻
​
6. 𐏁 𐎫 𐎠 𐎿 𐎱 𐏃 𐎹 𐎠 𐏓 𐎱 𐎡 𐎫 𐎠 𐏓 𐎠 𐎼 𐏁 𐎠 𐎶 𐏓 𐎠 𐎼 𐏁 𐎠 𐎶 𐏃 𐎹 𐎠 𐏓 𐎱 𐎡
7. 𐎫 𐎠 𐏓 𐎠 𐎼 𐎡 𐎹 𐎠 𐎼 𐎶 𐎴 𐏓 𐎠 𐎼 𐎡 𐎹 𐎠 𐎼 𐎶 𐎴 𐏃 𐎹 𐎠 𐏓 𐎱 𐎡 𐎫 𐎠 𐏓
8. 𐎨 𐎡 𐏁 𐎱 𐎡 𐏁 𐏓 𐎨 𐎡 𐏁 𐎱 𐎡 𐏁 𐏓 𐎱 𐎡 𐎫 𐎠 𐏓 𐏃 𐎧 𐎠 𐎶 𐎴 𐎡 𐏁 ⁠ § III. 𐏓
9. 𐎰 𐎠 𐎫 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎭 𐎠 𐎼 𐎹 𐎺 𐎢 𐏁 𐏓 𐎧 𐏁 𐎠 𐎹 𐎰 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎠 𐎺 𐏃 𐎹
10. 𐎼 𐎠 𐎮 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎺 𐎹 𐎶 𐏓 𐏃 𐎧 𐎠 𐎶 𐎴 𐎡 𐏁 𐎡 𐎹 𐎠 𐏓 𐎰 𐏃 𐎹 𐎠
11. 𐎶 𐏃 𐎹 𐏓 𐏃 𐎨 𐎠 𐏓 𐎱 𐎽 𐎢 𐎻 𐎡 𐎹 𐎫 𐏓 𐎠 [𐎶] 𐎠 𐎫 𐎠
12. 𐏓 𐎠 𐎶 𐏃 𐎹 𐏓 𐏃 𐎨 𐎠 𐏓 𐎱 𐎽 𐎢 𐎻 𐎡 𐎹 𐎫 𐏓 𐏃 𐎹 𐎠 𐏓 𐎠 𐎶 𐎠
13. 𐎧 𐎶 𐏓 𐎫 𐎢 𐎶 𐎠 𐏓 𐎧 𐏁 𐎠 𐎹 𐎰 𐎡 𐎹 𐎠 𐏓 𐎠 𐏃 ⁠ § IV. 𐎰 𐎠
​
14. 𐎫 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎭 𐎠 𐎼 𐎹 𐎺 𐎢 𐏁 𐏓 𐎧 𐏁 𐎠 𐎹 𐎰 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏒 𐏓 𐎶
15. 𐎴 𐎠 𐏓 𐎫 𐎢 𐎶 𐎠 𐎹 𐎠 𐏓 𐎫 𐎹 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎱 𐎽 𐎢 𐎺
16. 𐎶 𐏓 𐎧 𐏁 𐎠 𐎹 𐎰 𐎡 𐎹 𐎠 𐏓 𐎠 𐏃 𐏓 𐎠 𐎭 𐎶 𐏓 𐎴
17. 𐎺 𐎶 𐏓 𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏑 𐏓 𐎯 𐎢 𐎻 𐎡 𐎫 𐎠 𐎱[1] 𐎼 𐎴 𐎶 𐏓 𐎺 𐎹 𐎶 𐏓 𐎧
18. 𐏁 𐎠 𐎹 𐎰 𐎡 𐎹 𐎠 𐏓 𐎠 𐎶 𐏃 𐎹 𐏓

B. Inscription under the prostrate figure of Gaumâta, the Magian, the Persian Pretender.

1. 𐏓 𐎡 𐎹 𐎶 𐏓 𐎥 𐎢 𐎶 𐎠
2. 𐎫 𐏓 𐏃 𐎹 𐏓 𐎶 𐎦 𐎢 𐏁 𐏓 𐎠
3. 𐎯 𐎢 𐎽 𐎢 𐎪 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓
4. 𐎠 𐎺 𐎰 𐎠 𐏓 𐎠 𐎰 𐏃 𐏓 𐎠 𐎭 𐎶 𐏓 𐎲
5. 𐎼 𐎮 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎠 𐎷 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐏃 𐎹 𐏓 𐎤
6. 𐎢 𐎼 𐎢 𐏁 𐏓 𐎱 𐎢 𐏂 𐏓 𐎠 𐎭 𐎶 𐏓 𐎧 𐏁
7. 𐎠 𐎹 𐎰 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎠 𐎷 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓
​

C. Inscription over the figure of Âtrina, the Susian Pretender.

01. 𐏓 𐎡 𐎹 𐎶 𐏓 𐎠 𐏂
02. 𐎡 𐎴 𐏓 𐎠 𐎯 𐎢
03. 𐎽 𐎢 𐎪 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓
04. 𐎠 𐎺 𐎰 𐎠
05. 𐏓 𐎠 𐎰 𐏃 𐏓 𐎠
06. 𐎭 𐎶 𐏓 𐎧
07. 𐏁 𐎠 𐎹 𐎰
08. 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎠 𐎢
09. 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎢
10. 𐎺 𐎩 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓

D. Inscription over the figure of Nidintu-Bêl, the Babylonian Pretender.

1. 𐏓 𐎡 𐎹 𐎶 𐏓 𐎴 𐎡 𐎮 𐎡 𐎫 𐎲 𐎡 𐎼 𐏓
2. 𐎠 𐎯 𐎢 𐎽 𐎢 𐎪 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎠 𐎺
3. 𐎰 𐎠 𐏓 𐎠 𐎰 𐏃 𐏓 𐎠 𐎭 𐎶 𐏓 𐎴 𐎲
4. 𐎢 𐎤 𐎢 𐎭 𐎼 𐎨 𐎼 𐏓 𐎠 𐎷 𐎡
5. 𐎹 𐏓 𐏃 𐎹 𐏓 𐎴 𐎲 𐎢 𐎴 𐎡 𐎫
6. 𐏃 𐎹 𐏓 𐎱 𐎢 𐏂 𐏓 𐎠 𐎭 𐎶 𐏓 𐎧
7. 𐏁 𐎠 𐎹 𐎰 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎠 𐎷 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎲
8. 𐎠 𐎲 𐎡 𐎼 𐎢 𐎺 𐏓
​

E. Inscription on the robe of Phraortes, the Median Pretender.

01. 𐏓 𐎡 𐎹 𐎶 𐏓 𐎳 𐎼
02. 𐎺 𐎼 𐎫 𐎡 𐏁 𐏓
03. 𐎠 𐎯 𐎢 𐎽 𐎢
04. 𐎪 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎠 𐎺
05. 𐎰 𐎠 𐏓 𐎠 𐎰 𐏃 𐏓 𐎠 𐎭 𐎶 𐏓
06. 𐎧 𐏁 𐎰 𐎼 𐎡 𐎫 𐏓 𐎠 𐎷 𐎡 𐎹
07. 𐏓 𐎢 𐎺 𐎧 𐏁 𐎫 𐎼 𐏃 𐎹
08. 𐏓 𐎫 𐎢 𐎶 𐎠 𐎹 𐎠 𐏓 𐎠 𐎭 𐎶
09. 𐏓 𐎧 𐏁 𐎠 𐎹 𐎰 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎠 𐎷 𐎡 𐎹
10. 𐏓 𐎶 𐎠 ⁠ 11. 𐎭 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓

F. Inscription above the figure of Martiya, the Susian Pretender.

1. 𐏓 𐎡 𐎹 𐎶 𐏓 𐎶 𐎼 𐎫 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎠
2. 𐎯 𐎢 𐎽 𐎢 𐎪 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎠
3. 𐎺 𐎰 𐎠 𐏓 𐎠 𐎰 𐏃 𐏓 𐎠
4. 𐎭 𐎶 𐏓 𐎡 𐎶 𐎴 𐎡 𐏁 𐏓 𐎠 𐎷
5. 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎢 𐎺 𐎩 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎧
6. 𐏁 𐎠 𐎹 𐎰 𐎡 ⁠ 7. 𐎹 𐏓
​

G. Inscription above the figure of Citrantakhma, the Sagartian Pretender.

01. 𐏓 𐎡 𐎹 𐎶 𐏓 𐎨 𐎡 𐏂
02. 𐎫 𐎧 𐎶 𐏓 𐎠 𐎯
03. 𐎢 𐎽 𐎢 𐎪 𐎡 𐎹
04. 𐏓 𐎠 𐎺 𐎰 𐎠 𐏓 𐎠
05. 𐎰 𐏃 𐏓 𐎠 𐎭 𐎶 𐏓
06. 𐎧 𐏁 𐎠 𐎹 𐎰 𐎡
07. 𐎹 𐏓 𐎠 𐎿 𐎥
08. 𐎼 𐎫 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎢 𐎺
09. 𐎧 𐏁 𐎫 𐎼 𐏃 𐎹
10. 𐏓 𐎫 𐎢 𐎶 𐎠 𐎹 ⁠ 11. 𐎠 𐏓

H. Inscription above the figure of Vahyazdâta, the Persian Pretender.

1. 𐏓 𐎡 𐎹 𐎶 𐏓 𐎺 𐏃 𐎹
2. 𐏀 𐎭 𐎠 𐎫 𐏓 𐎠 𐎯 𐎢
3. 𐎽 𐎢 𐎪 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎠 𐎺
4. 𐎰 𐎠 𐏓 𐎠 𐎰 𐏃 𐏓 𐎠 𐎭
5. 𐎶 𐏓 𐎲 𐎼 𐎮 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎠
6. 𐎷 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐏃 𐎹 𐏓 𐎤
7. 𐎢 𐎼 𐎢 𐏁 𐏓 𐎱 𐎢 𐏂
8. 𐏓 𐎠 𐎭 𐎶 𐏓 𐎧 𐏁 𐎠
9. 𐎹 𐎰 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎠 𐎷 𐎡 𐎹[2]
​

I. Inscription above the figure of Arakha, the Babylonian Pretender.

01. 𐏓 𐎡 𐎹 𐎶 𐏓 𐎠 𐎼 𐎧
02. 𐏓 𐎠 𐎯 𐎢 𐎽 𐎢 𐎪
03. 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎠 𐎺 𐎰 𐎠 𐏓
04. 𐎠 𐎰 𐏃 𐏓 𐎠 𐎭 𐎶 𐏓
05. 𐎴 𐎲 𐎢 𐎤 𐎢 [𐎭][3] 𐎼
06. 𐎨 𐎼 𐏓 𐎠 𐎷 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓
07. 𐏃 𐎹 𐏓 𐎴 𐎲 𐎢 𐎴
08. 𐎡 𐎫 𐏃 𐎹 𐏓 𐎱 𐎢
09. 𐏂 𐏓 𐎠 𐎭 𐎶 𐏓 𐎧 𐏁 𐎠
10. 𐎹 𐎰 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎠 𐎷 𐎡 𐎹
11. 𐏓 𐎲 𐎠 𐎲 𐎼 𐎢 𐎺 𐏓

J. Inscription above the figure of Frâda, the Margian Pretender.

1. 𐏓 𐎡 𐎹 𐎶 𐏓 𐎳 𐎼 𐎠 𐎭 𐏓
2. 𐎠 𐎯 𐎢 𐎽 𐎢 𐎪 𐎡
3. 𐎹 𐏓 𐎠 𐎺 𐎰 𐎠 𐏓 𐎠 𐎰 𐏃
4. 𐏓 𐎠 𐎭 𐎶 𐏓 𐎧 𐏁 𐎠 𐎹 𐎰
5. 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎠 𐎷 𐎡 𐎹 𐏓 𐎶 𐎼 𐎥
6. 𐎢 𐎺 𐏓
​

K. Inscription above the figure of Skunka, the Scythian.

1. 𐏓 𐎡 𐎹 𐎶 𐏓 𐎿 𐎤 𐎢
2. 𐎧 𐏓 𐏃 𐎹 𐏓 𐎿 𐎣


​
A. § I. I am Darius, the great king, the king of kings, king of Persia, king of the provinces, the son of Hystaspes, the grandson of Arsames, the Achaemenian.
§ II. (Thus) saith Darius, the king: My father is Hystaspes; the

​ father of Hystaspes was Arsames; the father of Arsames was Ariyaramnes; the father of Ariyaramnes was Teispes; the father of Teispes was Achaemenes.

§ III. (Thus) saith Darius, the king: On that account are we called Achaemenians; from antiquity are we descended; from antiquity hath our race been kings.
​
§ IV. (Thus) saith Darius, the king: Eight of my race were kings before (me); I am the ninth. In two lines have we been kings.
B. This Gaumâta, the Magian, lied, saying: "I am Smerdis, the son of Cyrus; I am king."
​
C. This Âtrina lied, saying: "I am king of Susiana."
D. This Nidintu-Bêl lied, saying: "I am Nebuchadnezzar, the son of Nabonidus; I am king of Babylon."
​
E. This Phraortes lied, saying: "I am Khshathrita, of the race of Cyaxares; I am king of Media."
F. This Martiya lied, saying: "I am Ummannish, king of Susiana."
​
G. This Citrantakhma lied, saying: "I am king of Sagartia, of the race of Cyaxares."
H. This Vahyazdâta lied, saying: "I am Smerdis, the son of Cyrus; I am king."
​
I. This Arakha lied, saying: "I am Nebuchadnezzar, the son of Nabonidus; I am king of Babylon."
J. This Frâda lied, saying: "I am king of Margiana."

​

K. This is Skunka, the Scythian.


​A. 1. § I. adam Dârayavauš khšâyathiya vazraka khšâya- 2. thiya khšâyathiyânâm khšâyathiya Pârsaiy khš- 3. âyathiya dahyunâm V(i)štâspahyâ putra 4. Aršâmahyâ napâ Hakhâmanišiya § II. thâtiy Dâra- 5. yavauš khšâyathiya manâ pitâ V(i)štâspa V(i)​6. štâspahyâ pitâ Aršâma Aršâmahyâ pi- 7. tâ Ariyâramna Ariyâramnahyâ pilâ 8. Cišpiš Cišpaiš pitâ Hakhâmaniš 9. § III. thâtiy Darayavauš khšâyathiya avahya- 10. râdiy vayam Hakhâmanišiyâ thahyâ- 11. mahy hacâ paruviyata â[m]âtâ 12. amahy hacâ paruviyata hya amâ- 13. kham taumâ khšâyathiyâ âha § IV. thâ​14. tiy Dârayavauš khšâyathiya viii ma- 15. nâ taumâyâ tyaiy paruva- 16. m khšâyathiyâ âha adam na- 17. vama ix duvitâparnam vayam kh- 18. šâyathiyâ amahy

B. 1. iyam Gaumâ- 2. ta hya Maguš a- 3. durujiya 4. avathâ athaha adam Ba- 5. rdiya amiy hya K- 6. urauš putra adam khš- 7. âyathiya amiy

​C. 1. iyam Âtr- 2. ina adu- 3. rujiya 4. avathâ 5. athaha a- 6. dam kh- 7. šâayath- 8. iya am- 9. iy U- 10. vajaiy.

D. 1. iyam Naditabira 2. adurujiya ava- 3. thâ athaha adam Nab- 4. ukudracara ami- 5. y hya Nabunaita- 6. hya putra adam kh- 7. šâyathiya amiy B- 8. âbirauv

​E. 1. iyam Fra- 2. vartiš 3. aduru- 4. jiya ava- 5. thâ athaha adam 6. Khšathrita amiy 7. Uvakhšatarahya 8. taumâyâ adam 9. khšâyathiya amiy 10. Ma- ll. daiy

F. 1. iyam Martiya a- 2. durujiya a- 3. vathâ athaha a- 4. dam Imaniš am- 5. iy Uvajaiy kh- 6. šâyathi- 7. ya

​G. 1. iyam Citra(n)- 2. takhma ad- 3. urujiya 4. avathâ a- 5. thaha adam 6. khšâyathi- 7. ya ami- 8. y Asaga- 9. rtaiy Uva- 10. khšatarahya 11. taumây- 12. â

H. 1. iyam Vahya- 2. zdâta adu- 3. rujiya ava- 4. thâ athaha ada- 5. m Bardiya a- 6. miy hya K- 7. urauš putra 8. adam khšâ- 9. yathiya amiy

​I. 1. iyam Arakha 2. aduruj- 3. iya avathâ 4. athaha adam 5. Nabuku[d]ra- 6. cara amiy 7. hya Nabuna- 8. itahya pu- 9. tra adam khšâ- 10. yathiya amiy 11. Bâb(i)rauv

J. 1. iyam Frâda 2. aduru- 3. jiya avathâ athaha 4. adam khšâyath- 5. iya amiy Marga- 6. uv

​ K. 1. iyam Sku(n)- 2. ka hya Saka


  1. ↑ See above, p. 3, n. 1.
  2. ↑ Here and at the end of Epigraph K the division wedge is omitted.
  3. ↑ The graver has omitted the character 𐎭 by mistake.
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