The Tribes of Burma/Bibliographical notes/Lisaws
THE LISAWS.
References :
LITTON. TENTG.="Report on a Journey to the North of Tengyueh sub-prefecture" G. Litton, Rangoon, 1904.
LITTON. TIB.="Report on a Journey to Tibetan Yunnan." G. Litton, Rangoon, 1904.
LITTON. SAL.="Report on the Upper Salween." G. Litton, Rangoon, 1906.
D'ORLEANS.="From Tonkin to India." Prince Henri d'Orleans, Ed., London, 1898.
COOPER.="Travels of a Pioneer of Commerce." T. T. Cooper, London, 1871.
| Serial No. |
Head. | Brief description. | Authority. | Page. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 1 | Present habitat. | Valley of Salween from 26° to 27° 30'. Mountains between Shweli and Irrawaddy. Eastern fringe of north of Upper Burma and Shan States. | Litton. Sal. ... ... Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. Yunnan: The Link between India and the Yangtze. H. R. Davies, Cambridge, 1909. |
13 388, 587 124, 391 |
| 2 | Origin | Border between Tibet and China. Said to have come from Wei-see-foo. | d'Orleans ... ... Cooper ... ... Voyage d'exploration en Indo-Chine. Gamier, Paris, 1873, Vol. I. |
160 337 519 |
| 3 | Political and social divisions. | Tribal subdivisions outside Burma. | Litton. Sal. ... ... | 14 |
| 4 | Allied tribes | Lahus, Lutzes, Kiutzes, Mossos. | d'Orleans ... ... Litton. Tib. .. ... |
294 25 |
| 5 | Language and dialects. | Pere Desgodens, Leso. Vocabulary. Lisaw sub-group of Burma group. Vocabulary ... |
Burma Census Report, 1891, Vol. I. Burma Census Report, 1901. Part I. Linguistic Survey of India, Vol. III, III. Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. |
148 79 383 661 |
| 6 | Religion ... | Spirit worship; ancestral ghosts. | Upper Burma Gazetteer,
Vol. I, Part I. Litton. Sal. ... |
389, 587 13 |
| 7 | Magic and witchcraft. | Tongpa (sorcerer); sacrifice of fowl; recitation of names of spirits invited to feast, etc. | d'Orleans ... | 200 |
| 8 | Marriage customs and ceremonies. | Efter wedding feast, betrothed retires with parents to mountain where she is sought by swain. | d'Orleans ... ... | 164 |
| 9 | Death and burial ceremonies. | Day of horse most favourable for burial. Bow and arrows hung on grave. Graves in fields near village. |
d'Orleans ... ... Litton. Sal. ... ... |
182 13 |
| 10 | Clothing ... | Hempen robe and trousers (men). Hempen kilt, jacket and cap (women). In some places frock-coat of coarse white cloth. Patches of blue cloth on back. |
Litton. Teng. ... Litton. Sal. ... Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. d'Orleans ... ... |
2, 3 3, 9 388, 616 164, 174 |
| 11 | Personal ornaments. | Shells, bits of deer horn, odds and ends of silver and pebbles. Earrings, etc. | Litton. Teng. ... Cooper ... d'Orleans ... |
3 337 164, 175 |
| 12 | Coiffure ... | Men—either short-haired or with pig-tail. Women—sometimes with double pig-tail or with hair done up in horns above the ears. | Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. Litton. Sal. d'Orleans ... |
389 6 163 |
| 13 | Games and amusements. | Dance; musicians; dancing in a ring. | d'Orleans ... | 198 |
| 14 | War ... | Description of inter-village fight. War-bows ; war swords ; shields. Cuirasses of bark or leather worn by "braves." |
Litton. Sal. ... d'Orleans ... ... |
10 177, 195 |
| 15 | Hunting | Direction of hunting expedition not to be divulged. Hunting dogs. Poisoned arrows, etc, | d'Orleans ... ... "Across Chryse." A. R. Colquhoun, London, 1883. |
227 309 |
| 16 | Agriculture ... | Maize and buck wheat | Litton. Tib. ... Litton. Sal. |
6 14 |
| 17 | Habitation ... | Houses of wooden stakes plastered with mud, not raised above ground ; thatch roof. | Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. d'Orleans ... Litton. Sal ... |
587 161 14 |
| 18 | Government | No sort of Government in Lisaw country proper. Emblems of chiefly authority. |
Litton, Sal. ... Cooper ... ... |
9 336 |
| 19 | Character ... | Cowardly, lazy and improvident. | Litton. Sal. ... | 14, 15 |
| 20 | Slavery | Described as "a fighting tribe who make slaves." | Litton. Tib. ... ... | 25 |
| 21 | Trade | Varnish, bees-wax, etc., exchanged for cotton, opium, etc. | Litton. Sal. ... ... | 9 |
| 22 | Writing and drawing. | Tally used for conveying messages. | d'Orleans ... ... | 168 |
| 23 | Music and poetry. | Mouth organ | d'Orleans ... ... | 191 |
| 24 | Arts, e.g., pottery, weaving, dyeing. | Hempen garments woven at rude looms. | Litton, Sal. ... ... | 14 |
| 25 | Arms and implements. | Cross-bows, poisoned arrows. (Vide "War" and "Hunting" ante.) Manufacture of arms | Litton. Sal. ... ... The Ficus Elastic a in Burma Proper. G. W. Strettell, Rangoon, 1876. |
14, 15 168 |
| 26 | Food and drink. | Wild honey. Mutual loving cup. | d'Orleans ... ... | 164, 226 |