JANUARY, MDCCCXLIII
THE ZOOLOGIST:
AN
ILLUSTRATED MONTHLY MAGAZINE
OF
NATURAL HISTORY,
AND
JOURNAL FOR RECORDING FACTS & ANECDOTES
RELATING TO
QUADRUPEDS, BIRDS, REPTILES, FISHES, ANNELIDES,
TNSECTS, WORMS, ZOOPHYTES, &c.
THEIR HABITS, FOOD, RETREATS, OCCASIONAL APPEARANCE,
MIGRATIONS, NESTS AND YOUNG.
No. 1.
LONDON:
JOHN VAN VOORST, PATERNOSTER ROW
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Contributions from all parts of the Kingdom are most earnestly solicited. For the Zoologist these must relate to Quadrupeds, Birds, Reptiles, Fishes, Insects, Shells, Worms, and Animalcules, together with facts and anecdotes relating to their habits, food, retreats, occa- sional appearance, migrations, nests, and young : for the Phytologist the communications must treat of Flowering Plants, Ferns, Mosses, Lichens, Fungi and Seaweeds, their structure, nomenclature, classifi- cation, uses, properties and localities ; and in order that all contribu- tions to these Journals may be perfectly intelligible to every reader, it is requested that Latin descriptions and the technicalities of science be avoided as much as possible.
This day is published, Part the First, Pice 3s.
OF
THE SYSTEM OF NATURE,
BY
EDWARD NEWMAN.
This work is a reprint, with some additions, of the first and second chapters of an Essay entitled 'Sphinx Vespiformis.'
In this first part the author has attempted to prove —
That there is at present no general system acknowledged in Natural History.
That such a system most probably exists.
That all animals have a tendency to resemble certain normal forms which he supposes central.
That Man is central in a group usually termed Primates.
That the Primates are central in a group known as Placentals. In the second part the author will attempt to show
That the Placentals are central among Vertebrates.
The Vertebrates are central among Animals.
That in a system thus constituted, the various propensities of ani- mals for food or habitation, as connected with air, earth or water, together with the structure incident on such propensities, radiate from Man, the most highly organised form, in the centre, to the most simple forms on the circumference.
In 8vo., with nearly One Hundred Illustrations, price 12s.
A FAMILIAR INTRODUCTION
TO THE
HISTORY OF INSECTS,
By EDWARD NEWMAN, F.L.S., F.Z.S. &c.
"The work throughout is clearly written, in many parts with animation and spirit — the result of an active mind distinctly per- ceiving what it intends to convey — Spectator, May 29, 1841.
"A volume which is likely to be very serviceable to the beginner. It is very carefully illustrated by numerous and well executed wood- engravings."— A/orweV?^ Herald, June 19, 1841.
"This volume, one of the best familiar introductions to En- tomology we have met with, we recommend to those desirous of acquiring accurate elementary information on the history, general physiology, classification, and mode of preserving insects."— Professor Jameson's Journal, Oct., 1841.
"We have here a complete popular treatise! It is a kind of first book on Entomology, out may answer every purpose to nine -tenths of students." — Taifs Edinburgh Magazine, June, 1841.
"We have marked above with Roman type the character of this publication, which is truly a very acceptable mixture of the dulce et utile. Mr. Newman does not take too much knowledge for granted, but beginning at the beginning, fairly illustrates his subject till we find that his is the beginning of the end. We cordially recommend his volume not only to entomological students, but to all lovers of animate Nature." —^Literary Gazette, June 12, 1841.
"The charm of this volume is, that it is written in a frank and explanatory spirit, which will be quite as intelligible and as cap- tivating to a child as to a man. There are no mysteries of science buried under ominous italics in its pages. Every definition is full- nothing is taken as granted — we are carried into the field of inquiry as if we had never heard of it before ; and it is our fault, and not that of the writer, if we do not understand enough about entomology, when we have closed the book, to tempt us to realize some further acquisitions for ourselves. The secret of all this consists in the simple but very important principle upon which the author has com- posed this treatise. He has presumed at starting that his readers know nothing whatever of the subject, and he has written accord- ingly. There is no doubt that this is the proper way of writing intro- ductions. It is the only way to make them achieve with complete success the end for which they are designed." — Atlas, August 14, 1841.
JOHN VAN VOORST, PATERNOSTER ROW.
CONTENTS OF 'THE ZOOLOGIST' FOR JANUARY.
QUADRUPEDS.
Note on the Siberian Mammoth (with figure) - - - - 1
Note on the Occurrence of Bats at Epping. By Henry Doubleday, Esq. --------6
Anecdote of a Bat flying by Day-light, and Anecdote of a Mole. By J.W. Douglas, Esq. - - - - - - 7
Notice of a 'History of British Quadrupeds, including the Cetacea. By Thomas Bell' - - - 7
BIRDS.
Note on the Tree Sparrow, and Table showing the Day of the Arrival of the Summer Birds of Passage at Epping, from the year 183 1. to 1842. By Henry Doubleday, Esq. - - - - -12
Appearance of Migratory Birds near Sheffield. By John Heppenstall, Esq. -------- 13
Note on the Occurrence of Birds on Board Ship. By W.C. Hewitson, Esq. - - 15
Affection of a Sparrow for its Young. By James Bladon, Esq. - 16
ANNELIDES.
On the Minute Anatomy of the Horse Leech. By John Quekett, Esq., M.R.C.S.L. (with figures.) - - 17
INSECTS.
Notice of Books about Bees -
Description of Erycina Margaretta, (with figure) and notice of a singular case of Monstrosity in the Antennæ of a Beetle, (with figure). By Adam White, Esq., of the British Museum - - 28
Note of the Capture of Polia occulta. By Henry Doubleday, Esq. - 30
Note of Captures, including Lebia crux-minor. By J. F. Stefhe Esq.,F.L.S. &Z.S. -----
Note of the Capture of Catocala Fraxini. By Samuel Stevens, Esq. 30
Note on the Capture of Colias Hvale and Argynnis Lathonia. By W. Gaze, Esq. - • . t - - - - 30
Enquiry respecting the Stridulant Sound produced by an Insect. By the Rev. D. Landsborough - - - - - 31
Note on the Capture of Deilephila Galii and Acherontia Atropos. By R. S. Edleston, Esq. - - - 32
Note on a Wasp's Nest. By James Bladon, Esq. - 32
ZOOPHYTES.
Note on Sertularia. By James Bladon, Esq. - - - 32
No. 2 will be published on the 1st of February. Contributions are earnestly
solicited, and must be addressed to the Editor, at the Publisher's, 1, Paternoster
Row.
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LONDON:
JOHN VAN VOORST, PATERNOSTER ROW.
M.DCCC.XLIII.
Nature never did betray
The heart that loved her! 'Tis her privilege,
Through all the years of this our life, to lead
From joy to joy, for she can so inform
The mind that is within us, so impress
With quietness and beauty, and so feed
With lofty thoughts, that neither evil tongues,
Rash judgments, nor the sneers of selfish men,
Nor greetings where no kindness is, nor all
The dreary intercourse of common life,
Shall e'er prevail against us, or disturb
Our cheerful faith that all that we behold
Is full of blessings. — Wordsworth.
PREFACE.
The attempt to combine scientific truths with readable English, has been considered by my friends as one of surpassing rashness; and many have been the kind and pressing solicitations I have received to desist from a labour so hopeless,—many the supplications to introduce a few Latin descriptions, just to give the work a scientific character.
In reply to my friends, I would beg to instance White's Selborne. That most delightful of histories is written in pure, plain, intelligible English, and has found ample favour in the eyes of the public. White is now no more, but his mantle has fallen upon others:—a multitude of observers have arisen in the same field, and, what is more to my purpose, have become contributors to the pages of 'The Zoologist.' Nature herself is exhaustless: our field of observation is wider, a thousand-fold, than White ever enjoyed; our capacity for observation is certainly not less. These are the grounds I have for hoping that 'The Zoologist' will succeed.
I beg to offer my warmest thanks to those naturalists who have by their contributions rendered me such important assistance. I would gladly mention by name several whose papers have struck me as particularly pleasing; but in doing so I feel I should be guilty of an unkindness towards others, whose contributions are equally well intended, and equally essential to keep up the character of the work, as a general register for zoological facts.
I hope every contributor to this volume will be also a contributor to the next: and I hope too that each present contributor will induce some friend to become so. I wish that every district should have a chronicler of its Natural History, and that 'The Zoologist' should be the receptacle for all.
My part in connexion with 'The Zoologist' is widely different from that of editors in general. I am no intellectual giant, through the ordeal of whose searching criticism each contribution must pass before its publication. Every one who subscribes a single fact is welcome—nay, more than that—has a direct claim to be admitted as a contributor. My only duties are, first, to give the facts something like arrangement,—to associate, as much as possible, those which relate to one group or one class of animals, and to print every communication relating to that group before I proceed to another; and, secondly, to defray the charges incidental to publication: and, since every item of expenditure is conducted with a view to strict economy, the proceeds from a very moderate sale would be sufficient to reimburse me.
In conclusion, let me advert to the difficulty there is in making the existence of 'The Zoologist' known even to those who feel the warmest interest in the subjects of which it treats—the difficulty of attaining even a moderate circulation:—and let me entreat those who become acquainted with the work, to make it known amongst their friends.
9, Devonshire Street, Bishopsgate,
November 11, 1843.
CONTENTS.
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.
Keen scent of the stoat, 344; Nests of the swallow, 354; Dates of migration at Kelvedon, 355; Singular locality for a redstart's nest, 355; Habits of the barn owl, 384.
Habits of the nuthatch, 213; Habits of the redshank, 233; Late departure of the fieldfare, 246; Nests of martins on sandstone rocks, 246; Notes on Ephemerae, 272; Manners of the water-rat, 293; Nesting-place of the swallow, 354; Migration of swifts, 354; Migration of martins and sand-martins, 354; Observations on previous notes on the grey wagtail, 358.
Luminous appearance of the sea, 55; Descriptions of British Entomostraca, 193
Voracity of the eel, 108; Rare British birds, 145
White shrew mouse, 287; Harvest mouse, 289; Poaching propensity of snakes and adders, 322
Coleopterous insects frequenting damp places, 1 14; Enquiry respecting critical papers, 156; Seasons of appearance of Polyommatus Argiolus, 199; Occurrence of Colias Edusa in Leicestershire, 330
Capture of Thera juniperata, 94
Bats flying by daylight, 75; Early nests of the sparrow, 76; Occurrence of the locust near Derby, 123; Rapid increase of the polymorphous mussel, 253; Carnivorous propensity of mollusks, 257
Glass bee-hive of a singular construction, 113; Peacock killed by a common hen, 360
Economy of a fossorial Hymenopterous insect, 265
Affection of the sparrow for its young, 16; Nest of Vespa britannica, 32; On wasps, 32; Sertularia, 32; Reasoning power in a cat, 74; Variation in Scoliopteryx libatrix, 260
Birds shot at Southend, 39; Waterbirds occurring at Kingsbury reservoir, 102; Occurrence of rare British insects, 125; Occurrence of rare British birds, 148; Cure of grease in insects, 175
Late departure of the swallow, 101; Occurrence of certain butterflies near Dover, 113; Mancipium Daplidice, 201; Occurrence of Colias Edusa, 258
Occurrence of rare British birds in the county of Derby, 178; Capture and appearance of certain British birds, 311; Capture of large fishes in the Trent, 323
Occurrence of Coleopterous insects during floods, 177; Entomological collecting boxes, 177; Use of the lantern in collecting moths, 178; Piscivorous habits of the brown rat, 212; Keen scent of the weasel tribe, 213; Enquiry—Does the female sky-lark sing? 219; More frequent occurrence of the woodcock, 249; Multiplication of Dreissena polymoipha, 255
Aphides and the larva of a fly which destroys them, 123
Anecdote of a robin, 357
Occurrence near Polperro of a fish new to the British catalogue, 81; Bats by daylight, 343
Vitality of the sheath of the Hydroidae,
205 ; Nature of the axis of Gorgo-
nia verrucosa, 276Anthrocera Loti, 331; Black redstart, 355
Alligators in East Florida, 41 ; Lepi-
dopterous insects, 109, 197; Capture of Stauropus Fagi, 199; Capture of
Claviger foveolatus, 200Bats at Epping, 6 ; Tree sparrow, 11;
Arrival of summer birds at Epping, 12, 222 ; Capture of Polia occulta, 30 ; Red-backed shrike, grey shrike and haw-finch, 40 ; Sphinx Ligustri and Smerinthus ocellatus, 175; Cap- ture of Nocture with sugar, 201 ; Capture of Lophopteryx carmelita and Ceratopacha octogesima, 201 ; Names of British moths, 332 ; Cor- rection of inaccurate statements on
the wood wren, 356Bat flying by daylight, 6 ; Anecdote
of a mole, 7 ; Capture of moths on grass, 64 ; Hybernating butterflies, 176 ; Capture of Stauropus Fagi, 199; Occurrence of Colias Edusa in Surrey, 331 ; Occurrence of Colias Hyale in Kent, 331 ; Cerura Vinu- la,332; Cucullia Asteris, 333; Acro- nycta Ligustri, 333 ; Appearance of moths during rain, 334 ; Blighted appearance of oaks, 337 ; Capture
of Trichius variabilis in Surrey, 340Late departure of the swift, 77 ; Oc- currence of the Cassian heron, 78
Gold-fish emitting vegetable fibres from a wound in its back, 84
Notes on various birds, 238 ; Nests of birds, 380
Deilephila Galii, 31 ; Acherontia Atro-
pos, 31 ; Lepidopterous insects cap- tured at Manchester, 112 ; Capture of Colias Philodice, 175; Capture of Nyssia hispidaria, 175; Emperor moth, 199; Capture of Heliothis ar- migera, 260 ; Saturnia Pavonia-mi-
nor and Lasiocampa Rubi, 260Capture of the sea eagle in Shetland, 36 ; Northern diver, 365
Occurrence of Echinodermata in Nor- thumberland, 275
Capture of Lithosia muscerda in Nor-
folk, 260 ; Capture of moths on sal- lows, 333 ; Capture of moths on ivy,
333Occurrence of the bones of a beaver, and of a wild boar near Ely, 348
Occurrence of the Avocet near Yar-
mouth, 148 ; Occurrence of rare birds near Yarmouth, 180 ; Voraci- ty of the gull tribe, 248 ; Arrival of summer birds of passage at Yar- mouth, 248 ; Departure of winter birds of passage from Yarmouth, 248; Hooded crow breeding in Nor- folk, 315; Pigmy curlew and dun- lin, 316; occurrence of the buff- breasted sandpiper at Yarmouth, 363; Changes in the plumage of the
honey buzzard, 375Capture of Colias Hyale and Argynnis
Lathonia, 30 ; Occurrence of the peacock butterfly in December, 64 ; Capture of rare British Lepidoptera near Lavenham, 1 72 ; Seasons of appearance of Polyommatus Argio-
lus in Suffolk, 258Electric centipede, 160
Effect of a mild winter on birds near
Kendal, 183; Notes on the habits of
the masked gull in confinement, 242Description of several species of the genus Phyllium, 117
Animals which force other animals to form a house for their protection, 202
Occurrence of the black redstart near
Penzance, 100; Occurrence of the squacco heron near Penzance, 143 ; Occurrence of Richard's pipit in
Cornwall, 190Capture of Rhinomacer attelaboides,
272 ; Capture of Coleopterous in-
sects near Edinburgh, 340Occurrence of the red-winged Icterus
near Norwich, 317 ; Occurrence of
red-legged hobby nr. Norwich, 350Hall,T.B.
Note on the Sudbury Mechanics' Mu- seum, 341
Harley, James
Arrival of summer birds near Leices- ter, 220
Harrison, J. B.
Capture of Colias Hyale, 260
Haslam, S. H.
Occurrence of the lark bunting near Milnthorpe, 316
Hepburn, Archibald
Sand-martin, 146; Swallow, 147; Mi- gration of birds, 147; Early nest of the sparrow, 148 ; Habits of certain birds, 185 ; Arrival of summer birds in East Lothian, 220 ; Birds injuri- ous to agriculture, 296, 366
Heppenstall, John
Appearances of migratory birds near Sheffield, 13; Occurrence of the os- prey, 14 ; Woodcock and snipe, 15; Migratory birds, 15 ; Grey wagtail, 140 ; Ring ouzel, 144 ; Arrival of summer birds of passage near Shef- field, and occurrence of hawks near Sheffield, 247 ; Lesser redpoll, 353
Hewett, William
Crickets, 340 : Badger, 344 ; Otter, 344 ; Black mice, 348 ; Nest of the harvest-mouse, 349 ; Anecdote of a red deer, 349 ; Screech owl, rooks, Royston crow, magpie, jays and star- lings, 350, 351 ; Ring ouzel, 351 ; Wryneck, bunting and shrike, 352 ; Nesting-places of the swallows, 353 ; Blackcap in January, 356 ; Domes- tic pigeon settling upon trees, 360 ; Anecdote of a pheasant and fox 361 ; Occurrence of quails in winter, 361 ; Anecdote of a partridge, 361 ; Anec- dote of a partridge and fox, 361 ; Anecdote of a woodcock, 362; Gold- en plover, 362 ; Eggs of stone cur- lew, 363 ; Habits of the dottrel, 363
Hewitson, W. C.
Birds on board ship, 15; Migration of birds, 103; Capture of Coleopterous insects during a flood, 116
Hogg, William
Habits of the raven, 215, 305; Habits of the carrion crow, 304 ; Habits of the grouse, 306
Holland, A.
Enquiry respecting a wagtail, 136
Holme, Frederick
Occurrence of the orange-legged hob- by, 78 ; Capture of Vanessa Antio- pa near Truro, 156 ; Habits of Dy- tiscus punctulatus, 200 ; Anecdote of snails devouring insects, 201 ; Noctulebat,213; Kestril,223; Oc- currence of the eared grebe at Ox- ford, 223 ; Species of Aleochara, 271 ; Chrysomela Banksii, 271 ; Ci- cindela campestris, 271 ; Broscus cephalotes, 271 ; Phyllopertha hor- deola, 271 ; Species of Cionus and Sphaerula Lythri, 271 ; Molytes an- glicanus, 271 ; Enquiry respectiug the humble-bee, 336; British spe- cies of Carabus, 338 ; Agonum affi- ne, 332 ; Habits of Amara, 339 ; Badister bipustulatus, 340; Haltica Brassicae and Velleius dilatatus,340
Hussey, Rev. Arthur
Certain fishes remaining stationary in size, 322 ; Voracity of the eel, 323 ; Sudden appearance and disappear- ance of insects, 336; Harvest-mouse 349 ; Singular noise made by a spar- row, 353 ; Bills of birds, 362
Hoyer, J.
Wolves in Canada, 132 ; Bears in Ca- nada, 133 ; Moose in Canada, 134
Jerdon, Archibald
Summer birds at Bonjedward, 220 ; Occurrence of the white-winged cross-bill in Scotland, 221 ; Siskin, 222; Habits of the black-headed gull, 245 ; Moulting of birds, 249 ; Squirrel, 347 ; Occurrence of a cream-coloured grouse, 361 ; Anec- dote of the common fowl, 361
Bats at Teignmouth, 75 ; Late depar- ture of swallows, 76 ; Capture of moths on ivy, 157 ; Occurrence of Colias Electra, 176, 330 ; Scoliop- teryx libatrix, 333 ; Appearance of Lepidoptera at Teignmouth, 334 ; Singular situation of a bee's nest, 336 ; Common snipe, 362
Jordan, W.R. Hall
Crossbill, 39 ; Red-backed shrike, 40 ; Medic egger, 94 ; Occurrence of the Bohemian chatterer near Teign- mouth, 188; Occurrence of the rose- coloured thrush near Teignmouth, 188 ; Occurrence of rare insects at Teignmouth, 199 ; Migrations of birds, 313
Kidd, Waring
Enquiry respecting the water-rail, 148; Occurrence of the boar-fish at Brighton, 191
King, William Doubleday
Capture of insects by flowers, 127
Knox, A. E., M.A.
Birds of Sussex, 137, 225 ; Pied wag- tail, 190
Lambert, Alfred
Bat flying by daylight, 35 ; Caterpil- lar of Orgyia gonostigma, 95
Landsborough, Rev. D.
Enquiry respecting a stridulant insect, 31 ; On mollusks &c. observed at Whiting bay in Arran, 86
Lee, Melville
Capture of Lepidoptera near Cam- bridge, 257
Lewcock, J.
Occurrence of the brambling near Farnham, 1 88 ; Occurrence of the tree sparrow at Tilford, 189; Wood- cock breeding in the Holt forest, 1 89; Crossbill breeding in the Holt fo- rest, 189
Loudon, J. C, F.L.S.
The cayman, 150
Morris, Beverley R., M.D.
Capture of Xanthia Xerampelina 334 ; Starling, 351
Morris, Rev. Francis Orpen, B.A.
Blighted appearance of oak and ash trees, 272, 338 ; Pleadings for the dumb, 345
Newman, Edward, F.L.S.
The Siberian mammoth, 1 ; Capture of a whale at Deptford, 33 ; Late de- parture of swallows, 77; Description of Psychopsis mimica, 125 ; On the Pterodactyle tribe, 129; Colias Elec- tra, 176
Nicholson, C.
Note on the grey wagtail, 230
Norman, George
Late departure of the swallow, 102 ; Smerinthus ocellatus and S. Populi, 174
Parsons, Christopher, F.L.S.
Habits of the dabchick, 364
Patterson, Robert
Reptiles mentioned in Shakspeare's plays, 249, 317
Plant, J.
Capture of Colias Hyale, 259
Quekett, John
On the minute anatomy of the horse- leech, 17, 88, 324
Reece, George
Occurrence of the blackcap at Worces- ter in January, 76 ; Occurrence of the herring gull near Worcester, 104
Rodd, Edward Hearle
Occurrence of rare British birds, 140 ; Occurrence of the bustard near the Lizard point, 144 ; Occurrence of the wood sandpiper at Penzance, 189; Occurrence of the Squacco heron near Penzance, 189; Early breeding of the ring plover, 190 ; Occurrence of the dusky sandpiper in Cornwall, 363 ; Occurrence of the spoonbill in Cornwall, 364
Ross, F. W. L.
Description of Muller's top-knot, 106
Salmon, J. D.
Early incubation of birds, 76 ; Bee- hives, 95 ; Power possessed by bees to raise a queen from an egg destin- ed to produce a worker, 158
Saul, M.
Habits of the blue titmouse, 309 ; The walking branch caterpillar, 335 ; Occurrence of the harvest-mouse in Lancashire, 349 ; Frugivorous pro- pensity of the song thrush, 351 ; Anecdote of male blackbird, 351
Smith, Frederick
Captures of Hymenopterous insects at Hawley, 61 ; Descriptions of British wasps, 161 ; Description of a new British bee, 261 ; Entomological captures in Hampshire, 262 ; Cap- ture and habits of Clavigcr foveola- tus, 266
Stephens, J. F., F.L.S.
Captures near Guildford, 30; Capture of Lebia Crux-minor, 30
Stevens, Samuel
Capture of Catocala Fraxini, 30 ; Cap- ture of Pissodes Pini, 271 ; Capture of Colias Edusa in Sussex, 330 ; Capture of Colias Hyale in Kent and Sussex, 331 ; Capture of Calo- campa vetusta, 334
Swaysland, George
Occurrence of the black redstart near Brighton, 188 ; The golden-crested wren, 188
Thomas, W. H.
Reed warbler, 97
Thompson, William
Weasel, 36 ; Sand lizard, 1 04 ; Spe- cies of toad, 321
Trathan, James J.
Late departure of swallows, 76 ; Con- tinental white wagtail, 188
Wakefield, R.
Occurrence of Sphinx Convolvuli at Lower Clapton, 331 ; Economy of ants, 335
Walker, Francis
Sepsis cynipsea, 95 ; Larva of Cis Bo- leti, 116; Occurrence of Heliothrips Adonidum in Messrs. Loddiges' stove houses, 123
Walmesley, Vivian
Ringdove, & Reed warbler, 222 ; Pug- naceous disposition of blackcap, 356
Waterton, Charles
Cayman, 150; Combat betwixt two hares, 211
White, Adam
Description of Erycina Margaretta, 28 ; Monstrosity in the antennae of a beetle, 29
Wilcox, W.
Early arrival of martins, 145
Willoughby, S.
Occurrence of rare birds in Lincoln- shire, 247 ; Capture of the pine mar- ten in Lincolnshire, 345 ; Occurrence of Arctic tern, young and adult, in Lincolnshire, 365 ; Occurrence of a young cuckoo in a reed-warbler's nest, 352 ; The snow bunting, 352
Wollaston, Vernon
Coleopterous insects occurring at Launceston, 115; Near Cambridge, 116; Captures of Curculionidae 174; Odacantha melanura, 198; Capture of Coleoptera in Lincolnshire, 269
Worsley, Anna
Bats flying by daylight, 212
Yarrell, William, F.L.S.
Birds lately ascertained to be British, 79 ; New or rare fishes in England, 85
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF SUBJECTS.
Acherontia Atropos, capture of, 31
Acronycta Ligustri, 333
Agonum affine, note on, 339
Aleochara, species of, 271
Alligators in East Florida, 41
Amara, habits of some species of, 339
Animals which force other animals to form a house for their protection, 202
Anthrocera Loti, 331
Ants, note on the economy of, 335 ; battle of, 335
Aphides, and the larva of a fly which de- stroys them, 123 ; shower of, 128
Argynnis Lathonia, capture of, 30
Avocet near Yarmouth, 148, 235
Badger, 344
Badister bipustulatus, 340
Bat, noctule, 213
Bats occurring at Epping, 6 ; flying by daylight, 6, 35, 75, 212, 343 ; oc- curring at Teignmouth, 75
Bears in Canada, 133
Beaver, occurrence of the bones of near Ely, 348
Bee-hives, note on, 95 ; glass bee-hive, 1 13
Bees, power possessed by to raise a queen from an egg destined to produce a worker, 158; new British, 261 ; sin- gular situation of a nest, 336 ; note on nests of, in snail-shells, 336 ; en- quiry respecting the humble-bee 336
Birds, summer, arrival of at Epping, 12 ; notices of at Epping, 13 ; migra- tory, appearance of near Sheffield, 13 ; migratory, 15 ; occurrence of on board ship, 15 ; shot at South- end, 39; shot in February, 41 ; ear- ly incubation of, 76; lately ascer- tained to be British, 79 ; in March, 81 ; water, occurring at Kingsbury reservoir, 102; migration of, 103; in April, 104 ; of Sussex, 137,225 ; occurrence of rare British, in Corn- wall, 140 ; occurrence of rare Bri- tish near Garstang, 145 ; migration of, 147 ; occurrence of rare British, 148 ; capture and appearance of rare British in the county of Derby, 178; occurrence of rare British, near Great Yarmouth, 180; near Kendal, effects of the late mild winter on, 183; on the habits of, 185; in June, 191; on the arrival of summer in the in- terior of E. Lothian, 219; arrival of summer, near Jedburgh, 220 ; arri- val of summer, near Leicester, 220 ; arrival of summer at Epping, 222 ; notes on various, 238 ; curious note of, 240 ; occurrence of rare in Lin- colnshire, 247; arrival of summer, near Sheffield, 247; arrival of sum- mer, near Yarmouth, 248 ; depar- ture of winter, from Yarmouth, 248 ; moulting of, 249; injurious toAgriculture, and the benefits also derived from them, 296, 366 ; capture and appearance of, in Derbyshire, 311 ; migration of, 313 ; bills of, 362 ; nests of, 380
Bittern, little, 225
Blackbird, anecdote of, 352 ; food of, 366
Blackcap in January, 76, 356 ; pugnaci- ous disposition of, 356
Blighted trees, 272, 337, 338
Boar fish at Brighton, occurrence of, 191 ; note on, 192
Bohemian chatterer near Teignmouth, 188
Boxes, entomological collecting, 177
Brambling near Farnham, 188 ; food of, 299
Bream, sea, Couch's, described, 81
Broscus cephalotes, 271
Bunting, food of, 301 ; lark, on the occur- rence of near Milnthorpe, 316, 352; snow, 303, 352
Bustard, occurrence of near the Lizard point, 144
Butterfly, peacock, in December, 64
Butterflies occurring near Dover, 113; re- markable abundance of hybernat- ing, 176
Buzzard, honey, changes of plumage, 375
Calocampa vetusta, capture of at Birch- wood, 334
Carabus, on the British species of, 338
Cat, reasoning power in, 74
Caterpillar, walking branch, note on, 335
Catocala Fraxini, capture of, 30
Cayman, anecdote of, 149 ; note on, 150
Centipede, electric, 160
Ceratopaeha octogesima, occurrence of at Epping, 201
Cerura vinula, 332
Chatterer, Bohemian, occurrence of near Teignmouth, 188
Chaffinch, food of, 297
Chrysomela Banksii, 271
Cicindela campestris, 271
Cionus, on the species of, and Sphaerula Lythri, 271
Cis Boleti, larva of, 116
Claviger foveolatus, note on the capture of, 200, 266
Coleoptera frequenting damp places, 114 ; occurring at Launcestou, 115; oc- curring near Cambridge, 116; dur- ing a flood, 116,177; in Lincoln- shire, 269 ; near Edinburgh, 340
Colias Hyale, capture of, 30, 259, 260, 331 ; Philodice, note on, 175; Elec- tra or Edusa, occurrence of, 258, 330, 331 ; periodical occurrence of, 176
Cœlioxys umbrina, 63
Couch's sea bream, description of, 81
Crickets, note on, 340
Critical papers, enquiry respecting the ad- mission of, 156
Cross-bill, 39; white-winged, 142, 221 ; breeding in the Holt forest, 189
Crow, carrion, habits of, 304 ; defence of, 367 ; hooded, breeding in Norfolk, 315 ; habits of, 366; Royston, 350
Cuckoo, anecdote of a young, in a reed- warbler's nest, 352
Cucullia Asteris, 333
Curculionidæ near Cambridge, capture of, 174
Curlew, note on the pigmy, and dunlin, 316; stone, eggs of, 363
Cyclopsina Arietis,56; Rivillei, 58; Slab- beri, 59
Cythere inopinata, 195
Dabchick, habits of, 364
Daphnia brachiata, 196
Deer, red, anecdote of, 349
Deilephila Galii, capture of, 31
Description of Erycina Margaretta, 28 ; of Cyclopsina Arietis, 56; of C: Ri- villei, 58 ; of C. Slabberi, 59; of Oithona plumifera, 59 ; of O. splen- dens, 61 ; of Ccelioxys umbrina, 63 ; of Couch's sea bream, 81 ; of Mul- ler's top-knot, 106 ; of Leptocircus Curiusand L.Meges, 111 ; of seve- ral species of the genus Phyllium, 117; of Psychopsis mimica, 125 ; of the British wasps, 161 ; of Cy there inopinata, 195; of Daphnia brachi- ata, 196; of Thymara Zaida, 197; of a new British bee, 261 .
Diver, northern, breeds in Shetland, 365
Dog, pointer, anecdote of, 35
Dottrell, habits of, 363
Dreissena polymorpha, on the multiplica- tion of, 255
Duck, wild, food of, 374
Dytiscus punctulatus, note on the habits of, 200
Eagle, sea, capture of, 36 ; golden, 178
Echinodermata occurring in Northumber- land, 275
Eel, note on the voracity of the, 108, 323
Elampus Panzeri, 264
Enquiry respecting a stridulant insect, 31
Entomostraca, British, descriptions of, 55, 193
Ephemeræ, notes on, 272
Epipone laevipes, 264
Erycina Margaretta, description of, 28
Fieldfare, note on, 238 ; on the late de- parture of, 246
Fishes, rare, occurrence of in England, 85; preservation of, 192; certain, remaining stationery in size, 322 ; on the capture of large in the Trent, 323
Fleas infesting the holes of the sand-mar- tin, 128
Formica sanguinea, 262
Fowl, domestic, anecdote of, 361
Goldfinch, food of, 300
Gold fish, having vegetable fibres arising from an ulcer, 84
Goose, wild, food of, 373
Gorgonia verrucosa, on the nature of the axis of, 276
Grebe, eared, on the occurrence of at Ox- ford, 223
Greenfinch, food of, 301
Grouse, red, 186 ; black, 187 ; habits of red, 306; cream-coloured, 361; food of, 373
Guildford, captures near, 30
Gull, herring, occurrence of at Worcester, 104 ; masked, habits of in confine- ment, 242 ; black-headed, habits of, 245 ; voracity of, 248 ; common, food of, 374
Haltica Brassicæ, note on, 340
Hampshire, captures of insects in, 262
Hares, anecdote of a combat betwixt two, 211
Hawfinch, note on, 40
Hawks, occurrence of near Sheffield, 247
Hedgehog, apology for the, 345
Heliothis armigera, capture of near Sal- ford, 260
Heliothrips Adonidum, occurrence of, 123
Heron, Cassian, occurrence of, 78 ; Squac- co, near Penzance, 143, 189
Hobby, orange-legged, occurrence of, 78; occurrence of near Norwich, 350
Hymenoptera, capture of at Hawley, 61 ; fossorial, economy of, 265
Hydroidæ, on the vitality of the sheath of, 205
Jackdaw, 185 ; food of, 367
Jay, food of, 370
Icterus, red-winged, on the occurrence of near Norwich, 317
Idiot boy catching and devouring bees, anecdote of, 127
Intelligence of animals illustrated by two pointer dogs, 35
Insects captured by flowers, 127 ; rare British, occurrence of, 125 ; cure of grease in, 175 ; note on the occur- rence of rare, at Teignmouth, 199, 335 ; on the sudden appearance and disappearance of, 336
Kestril, 223
Lantern, use of, in capturing moths by night, 178
Lark, enquiry — does the female sing? 219 food of, 303
Lebia Crux-minor, capture of, 30
Leech, horse, minute anatomy of, 17, 88, 324
Lepidoptera, descriptions of, 109, 197; captures of at Manchester, 112; near Lavenham, 172; near Cam- bridge, 257; dates of appearance near Teignmouth, 334
Linnet, food of, 300
Lithosia muscerda in Norfolk, 260
Lizard, sand, 104
Locust, occurrence of near Derby, 123
Lophopteryx Carmelita, capture of at Ep- ping, 201
Luminous appearance of the sea, 55
Magpies, jays and crows, note on, 350, 351 ; food of, 370
Mammoth, Siberian, 1
Mancipium Daplidice, 201
Marten, pine, capture of in Lincolnshire, 345
Martins, early arrival of, 145; sand, 146; house, note on, 242; nests of, in sandstone rocks, 246 ; migration of, 354
Medic egger, note on, 94
Mice, black. 348
Microscopical Society of London, 256
Migration, notes on, 103, 355
Miscus campestris, 264
Mole, anecdote of, 7
Mollusks found in Whiting bay, 86 ; car- nivorous propensity of, 257
Molytes anglicanus, note on, 271
Monstrosity in the antennas of a beetle, 29
Moose in Canada, 134, 135
Moths, capture of on grass, 64 ; capture of on blossoms of ivy, 157, 333; em- peror captured by means of a cap- tive female, 190 ; by sugaring trees &c. 201 ; names of British, 332; on sallows near Norwich, 333 ; ap- pearance of during rain , 334
Mouse, note on a white shrew, 287 ; mor- tality of the common shrew, 288; note on the singing, 288 ; on the harvest, 289, 290, 291, 292, 349
Museum, Sudbury Mechanics', 341
Mussel, polymorphous, on the rapid in- crease of in Great Britain, 253
Nests of birds, 380
Nightingale, 240
Nocture captured with sugar, 201
Notices: — 'A History of British Quadru- rupeds, including the Cetacea,' by Thomas Bell, 65 ;'My Bee-Book,' by William Charles Cotton, 22; 'The Honey-bee, its Natural His- tory,' &c, by Edward Bevan, 22 ; 'The Old Red Sandstone,' by Hugh Miller, 42; 'Figures of Molluscous Animals,' by Mrs. Gray, 53; White's Selborne, by the Rev. Leonard Je- nyns, 223; 'Description of a Gigan- tic Fossil Sloth,' by Richard Owen, F.R.S., 281
Nuthatch, note on the habits of, 213
Nyssia hispidaria and zonaria, capture of, 175
Odacantha melanura, capture of, 198
Oithona plumifera, 59 ; O. splendens, 61
Orgyia gonostigma, caterpillar of, 95
Osmia atricapilla, 265
Osprey, note on, 14, 179
Otter, note on, 344
Owl, screech, note on, 350 ; barn, habits of, 384
Parrot, grey, 104
Partridge, anecdotes of, 361 ; food of, 372
Peacock killed by a hen, 360
Pheasant, 186; anecdote of, 361; food of, 372
Phyllium, the species of, 117
Phyllopertha horticola, 271
Pigeon, domestic, settling on trees, 360
Pipit, Richard's, in Cornwall, 190 ; mea- dow, 241
Pissodes Pini near London, 271
Pleadings for the dumb, 345
Plover, golden, habits of, 362
Polia occulta, capture of, 30
Polyommatus Argiolus, on the seasons of appearance of, 199, 258
Psychopsis mimica, description of, 125
Pterodactyle tribe considered as marsupial bats, 129
Quails, occurrence of in winter, 361 ; food of, 373
Rat, on the piscivorous habits of the brown 212; on peculiarities in the manners of the water, 293, 296
Raven, habits of, 215, 227, 305, 366
Redpoll, lesser, habits of, 353
Redshank, habits of, 233
Redstart, black, occurrence of near Pen- zance, 100; near Brighton, 188,355
Redstart's nest in a singular locality, 355
Reed-warbler, 97, 222
Reed-sparrow, 303
Reptiles mentioned in Shakspeare's plays, 249, 317
Rhinobatus planus, 265
Rhinomacer attelaboides, capture of near Edinburgh, 272
Rhombus hirtus, description of, 106
Ring-dove, nest of, 222 ; food of, 370
Ring ouzel, note on, 144, 351
Ring plover, early breeding of, 190
Robin, anecdotes of, 357
Rook, note on 239, 350 ; food of, 367
Sandpiper, pectoral, 141 ; Wood, occur- rence of near Penzance, 143, 189 ; buff-breasted, occurrence of, 363; dusky, occurrence of, 363
Saturnia Pavonia-minor, and Lasiocampa Rubi, 260
Scoliopteryx libatrix, on the variation of colour in, 260, 333
Sea-eagle, capture of, 36
Selborne, notice of White's, 223
Sepsis cynipsea, 95
Sertularia, note on, 32
Shells and crabs at Circular head, Van Diemen's Land, 255
Shrew, white, 287 ; common, mortality of, 288
Shrike, red-backed, note on, 40, 352 ; grey, note on, 40
Siskin, note on the, 222
Skylark, enquiry,— Does the female ever sing? 219,238; food of, 303
Sloth, fossil, 281
Smerinthus ocellatus, and Smer. Populi, 174,175
Snails devouring insects, note on, 201
Snakes and adders, poaching propensities of, 322
Snipe breeds on Dartmoor, 362
Sparrow, tree, note on, 11; domestic, anec- dote of affection for its young, 16 ; early nests of, 76, 148 ; tree, at Til- ford, 189 ; food of, 299 ; singular noise made by, 353
Sphinx Ligustri and Smerinthus ocella- tus, 175; Convolvuli, 331
Spoonbill, occurrence of in Sussex, 225, in Cornwall, 364
Squirrel, notes on, 347
Starlings, note on, 351 ; food of, 370
Stauropus Fagi, capture of, 199
Stoat, on the keen scent of, 344
Stridulant insect, enquiry respecting, 31
Swallows, late departure of, 76, 77, 101, 102, 147, 241 ; nesting places of, 353, 354
Swift, late departure of, 77 ; migration of, 354
Tern, arctic, young and adult, 365
Thera juniperata, capture of, 94
Thrush, White's, enquiry respecting, 103; answered by H. Doubleday, 104; rose-coloured at Teignmouth, 188 ; song, frugivorous propensity of, 351
Thymara Zaida, 197
Titlark, 238
Titmouse, curious nests of, 309 ; food of, 366
Toad, note on a species of, 321
Top-knot, Muller's, description of, 106
Trees, on the blighted appearance of oak and ash in Yorkshire, 272, 337, 338
Trichius variabilis, capture of, 340
Twite, food of, 301
Vanessa Antiopa, occurrence of near Tru- ro, 156
Velleius dilatatus, 340
Vespa britannica, nest of, 32
Wagtail, enquiry respecting, 136; pied, 137, 190 ; grey, 140; continental white at Falmouth, 188 ; grey, 230, 358
Warbler, willow, 311 ; wood, 312
Wasps, note on, 32 ; descriptions of the British species, 161
Water-rail, enquiry respecting, 148
Water-hen, food of, 373
Weasel, 36 ; on the keen scent and perse- vering efforts of in pursuit of prey, 213
Whale, capture of at Deptford, 33
Wheatear, 240
Wolves in Canada, 132
Wood-chat, 142
Woodcocks occurring at Twizell, 80 ; oc- curring at Torrington for five succes- sive years, 80 ; breeding in the Holt forest, 189, 249 ; anecdote of, 362
Wood sandpiper, 143, 189
Wood wren, account of corrected, 356
Wren, golden crested at sea, 188
Wryneck, note on, 352
Xanthia Xerampelina, capture of, at Crambe, near York, 334
Yellow-hammer, 239, 302
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Avocet, 225
Bee and its nest in a snail-shell, 336
Beetle, antennae of, 29
Boar fish, 191
Cephalaspis Lyellii, 52
Claviger foveolatus, 269
Coccosteus cuspidatus, 48
Colias Hyale, 259
Cyclopsina Arietis, (2 figures), 57
Cyclopsina„ Slabberi, 58
Cyclopsina„ Rivillei, 58
Cythere inopinata, (5 figures), 195
Daphnia branchiata, 193
Erycina Margaretta (2 figures), 28
Gold fish with vegetable fibres issuing from an ulcer on its back, 84
Gull, masked, 244
Gull, black-headed, 245
Himantopterus fuscinervis, 198
Honey buzzard in three different states of plumage, 376
Honey buzzard„ in three other states of plumage, 377
Leech, horse, anatomy of, (12 figures), 17
Leech, horse, anatomy of,„ (5 figures), 92
Leech, horse, anatomy of,„ (9 figures), 324
Leptocircus Meges, 111
Leptocircus„ Curius, 111
Mammoth, Siberian, 1
Marsupial bats, 129
Mice, harvest, and their nest, 289
Muller's top-knot, 106
Muller's„ top-knot,„ (5 figures), 107
Oithona splendens, 60
Oithona„ plumifera, 60
Phyllium bilobatum, 120
Phyllium„ (9 figures), 121
Polypes (11 figures), 206
Psychopsis mimica, 125
Pterychthys, or winged fish, 47
Redshank, 233
Richard's pipit, tail-feather of, 181
Sea-bream, Couch's, 81
Sloth, gigantic, 281
Thymara Zaida, 197
Titmouse, curious nest of (4 figures), 309
Wasps (6 figures), 162
Wasps„ (3 figures), 167
Wasps„ (3 figures), 168
Wasps„ (3 figures), 169
Wasps„ (1 figure), 170
Whale, fin-backed, 33
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