Fine block with fqm edit

U.Praise Him whose limit cannot be found.
They who practise truth and perform service shall obtain their reward.
N.He who knoweth divine knowledge is the learned pandit.[1]
He who knoweth the one God in all creatures would never say 'I exist by myself'.
K.When the hair groweth white, it shineth without soap.
King Death's hunters follow him who is bound by the chain of mammon.[2]
KH.The Creator, Lord of the world, giveth sustenance to His slaves.
All the world is bound in His bonds; no other authority prevaileth.
G.He who hath renounced the singing of God s word, is arrogant in his language.
He who fashioned vessels made kilns in which He put them and burnt them.
GH.The servant who performeth the Guru's[3] work, who remaineth obedient to His commands,
Who deemeth bad and good as the same, shall in this way be absorbed in Him.
CH.He who made the four Veds,[4] the four mines,[5] and the four ages,[6]
Hath been in every age a Jogi, a worldly man, or a learned pandit.

  1. Pandit means a learned man, but the title is now appropriated by Brāhmans versed in Sanskrit literature.
  2. Māyā. In the sacred writings of the Sikhs this word has two meanings—one is mammon, as the word is here translated; the other is illusion or God's mystic power by which He created matter.
  3. The word Guru means great. Here it stands for God. In a secondary sense it is applied to a great religious teacher.
  4. They are the Rig, Sām, Yajur, and Atharv, composed in the most ancient form of the Sanskrit language. In Sikh literature they are named the white, the red, the yellow, and the black Veds.
  5. In the East four sources of life are enumerated. It is there said that animals are born from eggs, wombs, the earth, and perspiration.
  6. The Sat, Tretā, Dwāpar, and Kal, corresponding to the golden, silver, brass, and iron ages of Greece and Rome.


Constitution edit

List of Signatories to the Constitution of India
(For verification of signatures, see here.)
Sl. No. Name Constituency Sl. No. Name Constituency
Page 1
1. Rajendra Prasad (1884-1963) Bihar      
2. Jawaharlal Nehru (1889-1964) United Provinces 9. Bhogaraju Pattabhi Sitaramayya (1880-1957) Madras
3. Narasimha Gopalaswami Ayyangar (1882-1953) Madras 10. Omandur P. Ramaswamy Reddiyar (1895-1970) Madras
4. Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer (1883-1953) Madras 11. Ammu Swaminadhan (1894-1978) Madras
5. Tanguturi Prakasam (1872-1957) Madras 12. Kasturiranga Santhanam (1895-1980) Madras
6. Kala Venkata Rao (1900-1959) Madras 13. Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga (1900-1995) Madras
7. Gummidithala Durgabai (1909-1981) Madras 14. Mosalikanti Thirumula Rao (1901-1970) Madras
8. Madabhushi Ananthasayanam Ayyangar (1891-1978) Madras 15. Neelam Sanjiva Reddy (1913-1996) Madras
Page 2
16. Abul Kalam Azad (1888-1958) United Provinces 31. Ozhalur Viswanatha Mudaliar Alagesan (1911-1992) Madras
17. Sardar Baldev Singh (1902-1961) East Punjab 32. P. M. Velayudhapani Madras
18. Rajkumari Amrit Kaur (1889-1964) Central Provinces & Berar 33. T. J. M. Wilson (d. 1986) Madras
19. Kallur Subba Rao (1897-1973) Madras 34. Vellore Iyyasamy Munuswamy Pillai (1889-1953) Madras
20. Vallabhbhai Jhaverbhai Patel (1875-1950) Bombay 35. Sheikh Muhammad Abdullah (1905-1982) Jammu and Kashmir
21. Jagjivan Ram (1908-1986) Bihar 36. Sardar Nagappa (b. 1911) Madras
22. John Mathai (1886-1959) United Provinces 37. Padampat Singhania (1904-1979) United Provinces
23. Chidambaram Subramaniam (1910-2000) Madras 38. P. Kakkan (1908-1981) Madras
24. Jairamdas Daulatram (1891-1979) East Punjab 39. Mahboob Ali Baig Madras
25. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (1891-1956) Bombay 40. P. L. Narasimha Raju Madras
26. Paramasivan Subbarayan Gounder (1889-1962) Madras 41. V. Ramaiah Madras States
27. Narhar Vishnu Gadgil (1896-1966) Bombay 42. V. Nadimuthu Pillai Madras
28. L. Krishnaswami Bharathi Madras 43. Dakshayani Velayudhan (1912-1978) Madras
29. Syama Prasad Mookerjee (1901-1953) West Bengal 44. Benegal Shiva Rao (1891-1975) Madras
30. Kshitish Chandra Neogy (1888-1970) West Bengal 45. V. C. Kesava Rao (b. 1917) Madras
Page 3
46. D. Govinda Das Madras 63. Ramchandra Manohar Nalavade Bombay
47. M. C. Veerabahu Pillai (1903-1976) Madras 64. Balchandra Maheshwar Gupte (b. 1895) Bombay
48. Kumaraswami Kamaraj (1903-1975) Madras 65. Ranganath Ramachandra Diwakar (1894-1990) Bombay
49. Ullal Srinivasa Mallya (1902-1965) Madras 66. Kanaiyalal Nanabhai Desai (b. 1886) Bombay
50. V. Subramaniam Madras 67. Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar (1888-1956) Bombay
51. Mohamed Ismail Madras 68. Siddavanahalli Nijalingappa (1902-2000) Bombay
52. B. Pocker (1890-1965) Madras 69. Khandubhai Kasanji Desai (b. 1898) Bombay
53. P. Kunhiraman Madras 70. Hari Vinayak Pataskar (1892-1970) Bombay
54. Moturi Satyanarayana (1902-1995) Madras 71. Keshavrao Marutrao Jedhe (1886-1959) Bombay
55. K. T. M. Ahmed Ibrahim Madras 72. Harendra Coomar Mookerjee (1887-1956) West Bengal
56. Muttaiya Annamalai Muthiah Chettiar (1905-1984) Madras 73. Upendranath Barman (1899-1988) West Bengal
57. Bal Gangadhar Kher (1888-1957) Bombay 74. Naziruddin Ahmad West Bengal
58. Shankarrao Deo (b. 1895) Bombay 75. Renuka Ray (1904-1997) West Bengal
59. Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi (1887-1971) Bombay 76. Abdul Halim Ghaznavi (1876-1953) West Bengal
60. Hansa Jivraj Mehta (1897-1995) Bombay 77. Ari Bahadur Gurung West Bengal
61. A. Karunakara Menon Madras 78. Ratnappa Bharamappa Kumbhar (1909-1998) Bombay States
62. Joseph Alban D'Souza Bombay 79. B. N. Munavalli Bombay States
Page 4
80. R. E. Platel West Bengal 97. Jugal Kishore United Provinces
81. Monomohan Das (1910-1992) West Bengal 98. Sucheta Kriplani (1908-1974) United Provinces
82. Mihir Lal Chattopadhyay West Bengal 99. Mohanlal Gautam United Provinces
83. Satis Chandra Samanta (1900-1983) West Bengal 100. Purnima Banerjee (1911-1951) United Provinces
84. Suresh Chandra Majumdar (1884-1954) West Bengal 101. Mahavir Tyagi (1899-1980) United Provinces
85. Basanta Kumar Das (1898-1984) West Bengal 102. Algu Rai Shastri (b. 1900) United Provinces
86. Arun Chandra Guha (b. 1892) West Bengal 103. Banshi Dhar Misra United Provinces
87. Jivatram Bhagwandas Kripalani (1888-1982) United Provinces 104. Syed Mohammad Ahmad Kazmi[1] (b. 1892) United Provinces
88. Lakshmi Kanta Maitra (1895-1953) West Bengal 105. Jaspat Roy Kapoor (1896-1984) United Provinces
89. [[w:Purushottam Das Tandon|Purushottamdas Tandon (1882-1962) United Provinces 106. Jogendra Singh (1903-1979) United Provinces
90. Hriday Nath Kunzru (1887-1978) United Provinces 107. Mohd. Hifzur Rahman United Provinces
91. Prabhudayal Himatsingka (b. 1889) West Bengal 108. Shibban Lal Saxena (1906-1984) United Provinces
92. Surendra Mohan Ghose (1893-1976) West Bengal 109. Har Govind Pant (1885-1957) United Provinces
93. Govind Malaviya United Provinces 110. Gopal Narain Saxena United Provinces
94. Balkrishna Vishwanath Keskar (1903-1984) United Provinces 111. Qudsia Aizaz Rasul (1909-2001) United Provinces
95. Satish Chandra (b. 1917) United Provinces 112. Chaudhary Hyder Hussain United Provinces
96. Khurshed Lal United Provinces 113. Raghunath Vinayak Dhulekar (1891-1980) United Provinces
Page 5
114. Muhammad Ismail Khan (1884-1958) United Provinces 131. Bakshi Tek Chand (b. 1883) East Punjab
115. Krishna Chandra Sharma United Provinces 132. Thakurdas Bhargava (1886-1962) East Punjab
116. Dharam Prakash (b. 1900) United Provinces 133. Yashwant Rai (b. 1915) East Punjab
117. Bhagwan Din United Provinces 134. Giani Gurmukh Singh Musafir (1899-1976) East Punjab
118. Hira Vallabh Tripathi (1902-1982) United Provinces 135. Chaudhary Ranbir Singh Hooda (1914-2009) East Punjab
119. Mohan Lal Saksena (1896-1965) United Provinces      
120. Ram Chandra Gupta United Provinces 136. Achint Ram (1898-1961) East Punjab
121. Phool Singh United Provinces 137. Bikramlal Sondhi (b. 1900) East Punjab
122. A. Dharam Dass United Provinces 138. Nand Lal (b. 1887) East Punjab
123. Ajit Prasad Jain (1902-1977) United Provinces 139. Hussain Imam Bihar
124. Balkrishna Sharma (1897-1960) United Provinces 140. Satyanarayan Sinha (1900-1983) Bihar
125. Kamalapati Tiwari[2] (1905-1990) United Provinces 141. Paragi Lal United Provinces
126. Masuriya Din (b. 1911) United Provinces 142. Anugrah Narayan Sinha (1887-1957) Bihar
127. Kamala Chaudhri (1908-1970) United Provinces 143. Sri Krishna Sinha (1887-1961) Bihar
128. Venkatesh Narayan Tivary (1890-1965) United Provinces 144. Mahesh Prasad Sinha Bihar
129. Dayal Das Bhagat United Provinces 145. Brajeshwar Prasad (b. 1911) Bihar
130. H. R. Guruv Reddy[3] Mysore 146. Khushal Talaksi Shah (d. 1953) Bihar
Page 6
147. Amiya Kumar Ghosh Bihar 163. Devendra Nath Samanta Bihar
148. Banarsi Prasad Jhunjhunwala (b. 1888) Bihar 164. Chandika Ram Bihar
149. Prosanto Kumar Sen Bihar 165. Mohammad Tahir Bihar
150. Raghunandan Prasad Bihar 166. Guptanath Singh Bihar
151. Sri Narayan Mahtha Bihar 167. Dip Narain Sinha (1894-1977) Bihar
152. Syam Nandan Sahaya (b. 1900) Bihar 168. Boniface Lakra Bihar
153. Bhagwat Prasad Bihar 169. Kamaleshwari Prasad Yadav (1902-1989) Bihar
154. Vishwambhar Dayalu Tripathi (1899-1959) United Provinces 170. Kameshwar Singh of Darbhanga (1907-1962) Bihar
155. Sarangdhar Sinha (1901-1985) Bihar 171. Jaipal Singh Munda (1903-1970) Bihar
156. Tajamul Hussain Bihar 172. Binodanand Jha (1900-1971) Bihar
157. Krishna Ballabh Sahay (1898-1974) Bihar 173. Vangal Thiruvenkatachari Krishnamachari (1881-1964) Rajasthan
158. Ramnarayan Singh (1885-1964) Bihar 174. Panampilly Govinda Menon (1906-1970) Travancore-Cochin
159. Jagat Narain Lal Bihar 175. Ravi Shankar Shukla (1877-1956) Central Provinces and Berar
160. Syed Jafar Imam (1900-1965) Bihar 176. Frank Anthony (1908-1993) Central Provinces and Berar
161. Jadubans Sahay Bihar 177. R. K. Sidhva Central Provinces and Berar
162. Sardar Mohamad Latifur Rahman Bihar 178. Thakur Cheedilal (b. 1886) Central Provinces and Berar
Page 7
179. Seth Govind Das (1896-1974) Central Provinces and Berar 195. Syed Abdur Rouf Assam
180. Brijlal Nandlal Biyani (1896-1968) Central Provinces and Berar 196. Kuladhar Chaliha (1887-1963) Assam
181. Ghanshyam Singh Gupta Central Provinces and Berar      
182. Hari Vishnu Kamath (b. 1907) Central Provinces and Berar 197. Amritlal Vithaldas Thakkar (1869-1951) Saurashtra
183. Shankar Tryambak Dharmadhikari (1899-1985) Central Provinces and Berar      
184. Raghu Vira (1902-1963) Central Provinces and Berar 198. Dharanidhar Basu-Matari (b. 1914) Assam
185. Panjabrao Shamrao Deshmukh (1898-1965) Central Provinces and Berar 199. Biswanath Das (1889-1984) Orissa
186. Kazi Syed Karimuddin (1899-1977) Central Provinces and Berar 200. Krishna Chandra Gajapati Narayana Deo of Parlakimedi (1892-1974) Orissa
187. Bhagwantrao A. Mandloi (1892-1977) Central Provinces and Berar 201. Lakshminarayan Sahu (1890-1963) Orissa
188. Gopinath Bardoloi (1890-1950) Assam 202. Lokanath Misra (1921-2009) Orissa
189. Hemchandra Jagobaji Khandekar Central Provinces and Berar 203. Bhubanananda Das (1885-1958) Orissa
190. Lakshman Shrawan Bhatkar (1901-1970) Central Provinces and Berar 204. Nanda Kishore Das (d. 1986) Orissa
191. Nibaran Chandra Laskar (1908-1967) Assam 205. Rajkrishna Bose (1900-1992) Orissa
192. Syed Muhammad Saadulla (1885-1955) Assam 206. Santanu Kumar Das (1917-1993) Orissa
193. Rohini Kumar Chaudhury (b. 1889) Assam 207. Mukut Bihari Lal Bhargava (1903-1980) Ajmer-Merwara
194. (Rev.) James Joy Mohan Nichols-Roy (1884-1959) Assam 208. Cheppudira Muthana Poonacha (1910-1990) Coorg
Page 8
209. Kyasamballi Chengalaraya Reddy (1902-1976) Mysore 226. Manikya Lal Varma (1897-1969) Rajasthan
210. Kengal Hanumanthaiah (1908-1980) Mysore 227. Gokul Lal Asava (b. 1901) Rajasthan
211. Ratiram Deshbhandhu Gupta (1901-1951) Delhi 228. Vinayakrao Balshankar Vaidya Bombay States
212. H. R. Guruv Reddy[3] Mysore 229. Hiralal Shastri (1899-1974) Rajasthan
213. T. Siddalingaiah Mysore 230. Jaswant Singh (b. 1903) Rajasthan
214. S. V. Krishnamurthy Rao (1902-1968) Mysore 231. Sardar Singh of Khetri (1920-1987) Rajasthan
215. T. Chennaiah (1912-1985) Mysore 232. Jaisukhlal Hathi (1909-1982) Saurashtra
216. H. Siddaveerappa Mysore 233. Apji Dalel Singh (1909-1984) Rajasthan
217. Lal Mohan Pati Orissa States 234. Nyapathi Madhava Rau (1887-1972) Orissa States
218. Jasimuddin Ahmad West Bengal 235. Balwant Sinha Mehta (1900-2003) Rajasthan
219. Maulana Mohammad Sayeed Masoodi (1903-1990) Jammu and Kashmir 236. Ramchandra Upadhyaya Rajasthan
220. Mirza Mohammad Afzal Beg (1908-1982) Jammu and Kashmir 237. Raj Bahadur (1912-1990) Rajasthan
221. Motiram Baigra (1908-2002) Jammu and Kashmir 238. Awadhesh Pratap Singh (1888-1967) Vindhya Pradesh
222. Balwant Rai Gopalji Mehta (1900-1965) Saurashtra 239. V. S. Sarwate Madhya Bharat
223. Chimanlal Chakubhai Shah (b. 1902) Saurashtra 240. Yudhishthir Misra Orissa States
224. Jainarain Vyas (1899-1963) Rajasthan 241. Ramprasad Potai (1920-1962) Central Provinces States
225. Raj Kunwar Orissa States 242. Mannulal Dwivedi Vindhya Pradesh
Page 9
243. Shambhu Nath Shukla (1903-1978) Vindhya Pradesh 260. Thakur Lal Singh Bhopal
244. Kishori Mohan Tripathi (1912-1994) Central Provinces States 261. Yashwant Singh Parmar (1906-1981) Himachal Pradesh
245. Ram Sahai Tiwari (b. 1903) Vindhya Pradesh 262. Bhawanji Arjun Khimji (b. 1902) Kutch
246. Brijraj Narain Madhya Bharat 263. Girija Shankar Guha Tripura and Manipur
247. Gopikrishna Vijayavargiya (1905-1984) Madhya Bharat 264. Jivraj Narayan Mehta (1887-1978) Bombay States
248. Sitaram Surajmal Jajoo (1915-1983) Madhya Bharat 265. Gopaldas Ambaidas Desai (1887-1951) Bombay States
249. Radhavallabh Vijayavargiya Madhya Bharat 266. Gokulbhai Daulatram Bhatt (1898-1986) Bombay States
250. Kusum Kant Jain (d. 2013) Madhya Bharat 267. Pranlal Thakurlal Munshi Bombay States
251. Ram Sahai (b. 1895) Madhya Bharat 268. Ratan Lal Malaviya Central Provinces States
252. Ranjit Singh (b. 1897) Patiala and East Punjab States Union 269. Sochet Singh Aujla (1905-1976) Patiala and East Punjab States Union
253. Kaka Bhagwant Roy (b. 1917) Patiala and East Punjab States Union 270. Krishna Singh United Provinces States
254. A. Thanu Pillai (1885-1970) Travancore-Cochin 271. Bashir Hussain Zaidi (1898-1992) United Provinces States
255. P. S. Nataraja Pillai (1891-1966) Travancore-Cochin 272. Tiruvellore Thattai Krishnamachari (1899-1974) Madras
256. Annie Mascarene (1902-1963) Travancore-Cochin 273. Sachchidananda Sinha (1871-1950) Bihar
257. Pulloli Thomas Chacko (1915-1964) Travancore-Cochin 274. Benegal Narsing Rao (1887-1953) Constitutional Advisor
258. K. A. Mohamed Travancore-Cochin 275. Haravu Venkatanarasimha Varadaraja Iyengar (1902-1978) Secretary
259. R. Sankar Travancore-Cochin 276. Sudhindra Nath Mukhopadhyay Official
Page 10
277. Rev. Jerome D'Souza (1897-1977) Madras 280. Harekrushna Mahatab (1899-1987) Orissa
278. Ramnath Goenka (1904-1991) Madras 281. Sunder Lall United Provinces
279. Feroze Gandhi (1912-1960) United Provinces      
Members who did not sign
282. C. Perumalswamy Reddy Madras 295. Harihar Nath Shastri United Provinces
283. S. H. Prater Madras 296. Jagannath Baksh Singh United Provinces
284. Raja Swetachalapati Ramakrishna Renga Roa of Bobbili Madras 297. Jwala Prasad Srivastava United Provinces
285. R. K. Shanmukham Chetti Madras 298. Hasrat Mohani United Provinces
286. T. A. Ramalingam Chettiyyar Madras 299. Rafi Ahmad Kidwai United Provinces
287. M. R. Masani Bombay 300. Sardar Hukam Singh East Punjab
288. S. K. Patil Bombay 301. Sardar Bhopinder Singh Mann East Punjab
289. Abdul Kadar Mohammad Shaikh Bombay 302. Rameshwar Prasad Sinha Bihar
290. A. A. Khan Bombay 303. Hari Singh Gour Central Provinces and Berar
291. Raghib Ahsan West Bengal 304. Samaldas Laxmidas Gandhi Saurashtra
292. Abdul Hamid West Bengal 305. B. H. Khardekar Bombay States
293. Damodar Swarup Seth United Provinces 306. Sarangadhar Das Orissa States
294. Govind Ballabh Pant United Provinces 307. Himmat Singh K. Maheshwari Cooch Behar
Female signatories
7. Gummidithala Durgabai Madras 98. Sucheta Kriplani United Provinces
11. Ammu Swaminadhan Madras 100. Purnima Banerjee United Provinces
43. Dakshayani Velayudhan Madras 111. Qudsia Aizaz Rasul United Provinces
60. Hansa Jivraj Mehta Bombay 127. Kamala Chaudhri United Provinces
75. Renuka Ray West Bengal 256. Annie Mascarene Travancore-Cochin
  1. He was a member of the First Lok Sabha[1]; official lists in Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha websites do not show him as a member of the Constituent Assembly. But his First Lok Sabha bioprofile mentions him as a member of the Constituent Assembly.
  2. Signed as Kamalapati Tiwari (with original family name), but better known as Kamalapati Tripathi. See title page and foreword of this book for confirmation that they were same. Tripathi's Lok Sabha bioprofile mentions his membership of the Constituent Assembly.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Signed twice; serial nos. 130 and 212.