Page:Cambridge Modern History Volume 7.djvu/29

Contents. xxv CHAPTER XXII. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE UNITED STATES. By HENRY CROSBY EMERY, Professor of Political Economy, Yale University. PAGE Differences between the United States and Europe . . . 687 Contrast between North and South . . 688 Westward migration. Transition . 689 Industrial changes. Communications ...... 690 Needs of the West. Cotton industry 691 Cotton. Steam navigation. Land 692 Difficulties of the West 693 Railroads and their results ........ 694 Rapid settlement of the West ... 695 Growth of exports, and of population 696 Civil War and its results 697 The years after the war ........ 698 Tariff and Protection 699 Causes of industrial growth 700 Inventions and patents. Immigration .... 701 Employments of immigrants 702 Immigration and population 703 Natural resources of the United States 704 Railroad expansion and speculation 705 Power of railway companies 706 Labour troubles . . . . . . . . . . 707 Agricultural development ........ 708 Machinery and grain production. Meat trade .... 709 Economic revolution in the South 710 Recent progress in the United States 711 Migration and agricultural expansion 712 Owners and tenants ; independence of the farmer . . . 713 Rapid industrial expansion . . . . . . . . 714 Rail way s, banks, and exports . . . . . . . 715 Imports, raw materials, and manufactures 716 Relation of exports to imports 717 Internal trade. Organisation of capital . . . 718 Capitalist Combinations and Trusts . . . . . . 719 Causes and results of capital combination ..... 720 Ominous growth of Trusts. Other problems .... 721 Protective duties. Immigration. Land . . . . 722