Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 09.djvu/133

STONE, ELLEN M. 99 STONE AGE, or AGE OP STONE Feb. 6, $72,500 of the ransom demanded was paid, and on Feb. 23 Miss Stone was released. She published a book describing her experiences in 1903. STONE, FRED ANDREW, an Ameri- can actor, born in Longmont, Colo., in 1873. He first appeared on the stage at the age of 11 ft Topeka, Kan., began traveling with the Sells-Renfew circus in 1886, played "Topsy" in "Uncle Tom's Cabin," and in 1894 formed a partner- ship with the late David Montgomery, with whom he appeared for many years with great success both in this country and in England. During recent years the plays in which he was most success- ful were: "Wizard of Oz," "The Red Mill," "The Old Town," "Jack o' Lan- tern," and "Tip Top." STONE, JOHN STONE, an American electrical engineer, born at Dover, Va., in 1869. He was educated at the School of Mines, Columbia University, and at Johns Hopkins University. From 1890 to 1899 he was an experimentalist with the American Bell Telephone Company, and from 1902 to 1910 successively director, vice-president, chief engineer, and president of the Stone Telegraph and Telephone Company. He was granted over 120 patents on inventions in connection with improvements in telephoning and telegraphy. Since 1899 he has been a consulting electrical en- gineer. He contributed many papers on electrical subjects to scientific and tech- nical journals, was a member and at times an officer of many engineering so- cieties; a member of the Committee of National Defense, and a delegate to the International Electrical Congress (1904) and to the Second Pan-American Con- gress (1917). STONE, LUCY (BLACKWELL), an American reformer; born in West Brookfield, Mass., Aug. 13, 1818. She was graduated at Oberlin College in 1847. In 1855 she married Dr. Henry B. Blackwell, retaining her own name. She published a protest, "Taxation Without Representation." In 1869 she helped organize the American Woman's Suffrage Association; became connected with the "Woman's Journal" in 1872, and was editor after 1888. Her lectures on woman suffrage made her known throughout the country. She died in Boston, Mass., Oct. 18, 1893. STONE, MELVILLE ELIJAH, an American journalist; born in Hudson, 111., Aug. 22, 1848; settled in Chicago, 111., and was there educated; began his newspaper career in 1864 when he re- ported for the Chicago "Tribune"; later with a partner he founded the Chicago "Daily News," of which he afterward be- came sole owner. In 1881 with Victor F. Lawson he founded the Chicago "Morning News" which subsequently be- came the Chicago "Record." Owing to ill health he retired from newspaper work in 1888 and spent several years abroad. Returning to the United States he settled in New York City, and was made general manager of the Associated Press in 1898. He published a series of reminiscent articles in 1920. STONE, WILLIAM LEETE, an Amer- ican author; born in New Paltz, N. Y., April 20, 1792; became a printer in the office of the Cooperstown "Federalist" at the age of 17, and in 1813 began to edit the Herkimer "American." Subsequently he edited the "Hudson Whig," "The Lounger," Albany "Daily Advertiser," Hartford "Mirror," "The Knights of the Round Table" and the New York "Ad- vertiser." His works include, "History of the Great Albany Convention of 1821"; "Tales and Sketches"; "Essays on Social and Literai-y Topics"; "Life of Joseph Brant"; "Life of Red Jacket — Sa-go-ye-wat-ha" ; etc. He died in Sara- toga Springs, N. Y., Aug. 15, 1844. STONE, WILLIAM LEETE, an Amer- ican historian, son of the preceding; born in New York City, April 4, 1835; was graduated at Brown University in 1858 and admitted to the bar in 1859. He was Centennial historian for the State of New York ; honorary member of the Chicago, Buffalo, New Haven Colony, and other historical societies and organi- zations, and the author of "The Life and Times of Sir William Johnson, Bart.," "Revolutionary Letters," "History of New York City," "Ballads of the Bur- goyne Campaign," "The Life of George Clinton," etc. He died June 11, 1908. STONE AGE, or AGE OF STONE, is a term used in archasolo^ to denote the condition of a people using stone as the material for the cutting tools and weapons which, in a higher condition of culture, were made of metals. The ox- pression "age," when used in this con- nection, is not therefore significant of a fixed period in chronology, but im- plies merely the time, longer or shorter, earlier or later, during which the condi- tion subsisted. The duration of such a condition must necessarily have varied from various causes in different areas, and chiefly in consequence of contact with higher degrees of culture. Popula- tions placed in remote situations, and on that account remaining uninfluenced by such contact — like the islanders of the South Pacific and the Eskimos of the ex- ti-eme North for instance — have re-