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SUSA 180 SUSSEX actly resembles the Hall of Xerxes at Persepolis. References to Susa abound in the ancient authors, especially Herod- otus, Xenophon, and Arrian. SUSA, a town of Northern Italy, on a tributary of the Po, at the foot of the Cottian Alps, 32 miles W. of Turin. It has a cathedral (1029), and a triumphal arch erected by the Romanized Su^sian chief to Augustus in 8 B. C. The people grow fruit and grapes, and carry on iron, leather, and silk industries. SUSANNAH, in Jewish history, the wife of Joakim, the tribe of Judah. She followed her husband to Babylon as a captive. Two elders or judges of Israel endeavored to seduce her, and, failing in their object, they accused her of adul- tery. She was condemned to death; but Daniel obtained a reversal of the sen- tence and succeeded in establishing her innocence. This is stated to have oc- curred in Babylon about 600 B. C. SUSITNA VALLEY, the principal watershed of the river of the same name, an affluent of Cook Inlet, Alaska. Area, about 8,000 square miles. The timber resources of the region are of importance and certain sections of it are also well suited for agriculture and stock raising. Part of the government railway between Cook Inlet and Fairbanks traverses the region. SUSPECTA, in zoology, a sub-section of colubrine snakes, having the fangs situated at the back of the jaw behind the common teeth. Head usually covered with shield-like plates. Some are known to be harmless, others are reputed poi- sonous, though it is doubtful if they really are so. Families Homalopsidse, Dipsadidse, and Dendrophidx. SUSPENDED ANIMATION, the tem- porary cessation of the outward signs and of some of the functions of life. SUSPENSION BRIDGE, a bridge sus- tained by flexible supports secured at each extremity. The points of support are the tops of strong pillars or small towers, erected for the purpose at each extremity of the bridge. Over these pil- lars the chains pass, and are attached behind them to rocks or massive frames of iron firmly secured underground. These masses of masonry are named an- chorages. The flooring is connected with the chains by means of strong, upright iron rods. See Bridge. SUSPENSION RAILWAY, a railway in which the carriage is suspended from an elevated track, one carriage on each side of a single track, so as to balance, or suspended between two tracks. SUSPENSOR, in anatomy, the longi- tudinal ligament of the liver. In botany, a very delicate thread descending from the foramen of an ovule into the quin- tine, and bearing at its extremity a globule which is the nascent embryo. It develops from the upper of two cells in a fertilized ovule, of which the lower one becomes the embryo. The suspensor is sometimes long, as in Boraginacex, Cruciferse, etc., or short as in Gramin- acese, Polygonacegs, etc. Called also the suspensory cord, the pro-embryo, and by Dutrochet the hypostasis. In surgery, a suspensory bandage. SUSQUEHANNA, a river of the United States, formed by two branches, an E. or N. branch, 250 miles long from Lake Otsego in New York, and a W. branch, 200 miles from the W. slope of the Alle- ghanies, which unite at Northumberland in Pennsylvania. The united stream flows S. and S. E., and after a course of 150 miles reaches the head of Chesapeake Bay at Port Deposit, Md. It is a wide but shallow stream, nowhere navigable to any extent, except in the spring. SUTHERLAND, HOWARD, a United States Senator from West Virginia, bom near Kirkwood, Mo., in 1865. He grad- uated from Westminster College in 1889, and studied law at George Washington University. After serving as editor for several papers, he became connected with the Davis-Elkins coal and railroad in- terests in West Virginia. He later went into business on his own account, and became president of several important industrial concerns. He served as a member of the West Virginia State Sen- ate, from 1908 to 1912, and was in the United States Congress from 1913 to 1917. In 1916 he was elected to the United States Senate. SUSSEX, a maritime county, of south- east England. Area, 1,458 sq. miles; pop. about 700,000. The Downs supply pasturage for a famous breed of sheep. Agriculture and cattle raising are the principal industries of the county. The chief rivers are the Arun, Adur, and Ouse. The South Downs, stretching across the county from west to east, end about 20 miles east of Brighton in the lofty cliff of Beachy Head. The district of the Weald is very fertile and richly wooded. West of Brighton, along the coast to the Hampshire border, and in the southeast of the county rich marsh provide superb pasturage. There are