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TAKAMINE 233 TALCA he was head chemist of the Imperial De- partment of Agriculture and Commerce, Tokio, and from 1884 to 1885 imperial Japanese commissioner to the Cotton Centennial Exposition at New Orleans. In 1887 he organized and erected the first super-phosphate works at Tokio, After coming to America in 1890, he applied new processes to fermentation, resulting in the production of diastatic enzyme (Takadiastase), now used largely as a starch digestant, established a research laboratory in New York, originated a process for isolating the active principles of the, suprarenal glands, the product being known as adrenalin (q. v.), and became consulting chemist of Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit. He was a member of the Royal Japanese Academy of Science. T ALA VERA DE LA REINA (tal-a- va'ra da la ra-e'nii), a picturesque town of Spain in the province of Toledo, beau- tifully situated on the Tagus, 75 miles S. E. of Madrid. It still manufactures pot- tery, and keeps up its famous fair in August. Here, on July 27-28, 1809, Sir Arthur Wellesley, with 19,000 men and 34,000 Spaniards, defeated 50,000 veter- an French troops under Joseph Bona- parte and Marshals Jourdan and Victor. TALBOT, ETHELBERT, an American Protestant Episcopal clergyman, born at Fayette, Mo., in 1848. He was educated at Dartmouth College and at the Gen- eral Theological Seminary, and received honorary degrees from both these insti- tutions and from the University of Mis- souri. He became a deacon and priest in 1873 ; was rector of St. James' Church and St. James Military Academy, Macon, Mo., from 1873 to 1887; was consecrated missionary bishop of Wyoming and Idaho in 1887, and was transferred to the see of Central Pennsylvania (now Bethlehem) in 1898. He wrote, besides many magazine articles, pamphlets and sermons: "My People of the Plains"; "A Bishop Among His Flock"; "Tim- Auto- biography of a Dog"; "A Bishop's Mes- sage." TALBOT, MARION, an American ed- ucator, born at Thun, Switzerland, of American parents, in 1858. He was edu- cated at Boston University and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. From 1890 to 1892 he was instructor of domestic science at Wellesley College. In 1892 he went to the University of Chicago, serving there as assistant pro- fessor of sanitary science from 1892 to 1895 and an associate professor of house- hold administration since 1905. After 1892 he was also dean of women. He was a member of various educational and scientific societies and one of the found- ers and for many years an officer of the Association of the Collegiate Alumnae. He wrote "Home Sanitation" (with E. H. Richards, 1887) ; "Education of Women" (1910); "A Modem Household" (with S. P. Breckinridge, 1912); and "House Sanitation" (1912). TALC, an orthorhombic mineral oc- curring in short hexagonal prisms and plates, also in globular and stellated groups, compact, massive. Cleavage, basal; luster, pearly; color, apple-green, white, shades of gray; sectile; feel, greasy. Composition, varying with the amount of water present, but essentially a hydrated silicate of magnesia which, when pure, would contain: Silica, 62.0; magnesia, 33.1; water 4.9=100, the for- mula being 6Mg05Si02+2HO. Dana di- vides as follows : (1) Foliated; (2) mas- sive (steatite or soapstone) ; (a) Coarse granular, including potstone; (6) Cryp- to-crystalline (French chalk) ; (c) Rens- selaeriate, cryptocrystalline, but more often pseudomorphous; (d) Indurated, a very abundant mineral. Being thor- oughly incombustible it is of great value in the manufacture of fireproof wall pa- per, paper window curtains, etc. Even in its crude state it is found to yield one of the best lubricants known. Mixed with common grades of soap, it makes them as pleasant to the touch as the choicest brands. It is also largely used in the manufacture of patent wall plas- ter, in which its addition gives a smooth, glossy finish to walls and ceilings that no other substance lends. Talc powder, duly refined, is exquisitely soft and fine grained. So, too, it makes an unsur- passed molding sand for casting metals in, both its fireproof and fire-grained qualities beinc: very valuable in fine work. Mixed with rubber, it renders it more elastic and less liable to crack. From it is also made the "French chalk" used by tailors, and shoe dealers use it in pow- dered form to enable one to pull on a tight-fitting shoe. The principal talc mines in the U. S. are in St. Lawrence CO., N. Y. Virginia and the western part of North Carolina produces the purest soapstone. Also a commercial name for mica (q, v.). Oil of talc: A cosmetic common in the 17th century, consisting of talc calcined. See Soapstone. TALCA, a town of Chile, capital of the province of Talca, on the Claro, con- nected by rail with Santiago; has man- ufactures of ponchos; area of province, 3,864 square miles; pop. (1918) 131,071. Pop. of capital, 42,563.