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TREE TOAD 493 TRENCH lichened, and T. marmoratus the marbled tree toad. TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM, an English actor-manager; bom in Lon- don, in 1853. He made his first appear- ance as an actor in 1877 as Grimaldi at the Globe, and attracted attention in 1884 in "The Private Secretary." In 1887 he produced as manager of the Comedy Theatre "The Red Lamp" and from 1887 to 1896 was manager at the Haymarket. He opened in 1897 Her Majesty's (later His Majesty's) Theatre with "Seats of the Mighty" and there produced many notable successes. Later he elaborately produced the plays of Shakespeare, him- self taking leading parts. He died in 1917. TREILLE, in heraldry, a lattice; it differs from fretty in that the pieces do not interlace under and over, but cross athwart each other, and are nailed at the joint. Called also trellis. TREITSCHKE, HEINRICH VON, a German historian; born in Dresden, Ger- many, Sept. 15, 1834; was educated at Heidelberg, Tvibingen, Bonn and Leipsic. He devoted himself to the study of his- tory and became Professor of History at Freiburg in 1863, and held the same chair at Heidelburg in 1867-1874. In the latter year he accepted the similar chair at the University of Berlin. He was the author of "Ten Years of German Sti'uggles"; "Socialism and its Patrons"; "Two Em- perors"; and the "History of Germany in the Nineteenth Century," which was his principal work, but was left unfin- ished. He died in Berlin, April 28, 1896. TRELAWNY, SIR JONATHAN, an English clergyman; from Westminster passed in 1663 to Christ Church, Oxford, and became bishop in turn of Bristol (1685), Exeter (1688), and Winchester (1707) ; he was one of the Seven Bishops tried under James II., and is the hero of R. S. Hawker's well-known ballad, "And shall Trelawny die?" This was based on a contemporary refrain, the strong feeling aroused among the Cor- nishmen due rather to Trelawny's being head of an ancient Cornish house than to his being a bishop or even a martyr n a good cause. Trelavmy died in 1721. TRELAWNY, EDWARD JOHN, an English author; born in London, Novem- ber 13, 1792. He is remembered as a pic- turesque and somewhat theatrical adven- turer (supposed to be drawn by Byron in "The Corsair"), the friend of Byron, Shelley, etc., and Byron's companion (1823) in the Greek war of liberation. FF He wrote a novel called "Adventures of a Younger Son" (1830); but his best- known work is "Recollections of the Last Days of Shelley and Byron" (1858), re- issued in 1878 as "Records of Byron, Shelley, and the Author." His body was cremated, and the ashes interred near Shelley's at Rome. His portrait is pre- served in Millais's painting "The North- west Passage." He died in Sonipting, Sussex, Aug. 13, 1881. TREMELLINI, an order or sub-or- der of hymenomycetous Fungals, the species of which are of a gelatinous tex- ture, sometimes, though rarely, with a cretaceous nucleus, their hymenium in the more typical genera covering the whole surface without any definite up- per or under side; sporophores scattered, often lobed or quadripartite; spores often producing secondary spores of sperma- tia. They grow upon branches or stumps of trees, in crevices of the bark, or on the dead wood, rarely on the ground. Found chiefly in temperate climates, though some are tropical. A widely dis- tributed representative is the jew's-ear. TREMOLITE, a mineral, a variety of hornblende. It is a silicate of calcium and magnesium, is white or colorless, and usually occurs in long, prismatic crys- tals. TREMOCTOPTJS, in zoology, a sub- genus of Octop2is, with three species, from the Atlantic and Mediterranean. Some or all of the arms are webbed half-way up, and there are two large aquiferous pores on the back of the head. TREMOLANT, an organ and harmo- nium stop which causes the air as it proceeds to the pipes or reeds to pass through a valve having a movable top, to which a spring and weight are at- tached. The up-and-down movement of the top of the valve gives a vibratory movement to the air, which similarly af- fects the sound produced. On Ameri- can organs, a fan-wheel by rotating in front of the wind chest causes a tre- molo. TREMONT, the early name by which Boston, Mass., was known. It arose from the three hills on which the city is built. It has also been called Trimount, or Trimountain. TRENCH, RICHARD CHENEVIX, an English clergyman; born in Dublin, Ireland, Sept. 9, 1807; was graduated at Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1829. He entered the Church, and became curate at Hadleigh (1833-1835), incumbent at Curdridge (1835-1840), curate to Arch- deacon Wilberforce at Alverstoke (1840- Cyc. Vol. IK