| Shrubs. Female florets ligulate; lamina short, furnished at the base with 1 or 2 minute lobes. Achenes terete, papillose | 20. Brachyglottis. |
| Herbs, shrubs, or trees. Female florets ligulate, never filiform | 21. Senecio. |
Suborder LIGULIFLORÆ.
Florets all ligulate and hermaphrodite, and hence homogamous. Sap milky. Consists of one tribe, Cichoraceæ.
| Herb with radical leaves. Scapes simple, leafless. Pappus of tapering subulate scales, toothed or plumose above | 22. Microseris. |
| Branched leafy herb. Achene ribbed and transversely rugose. Pappus soft, plumose | 23. Picris. |
| Herb with radical leaves (the New Zealand species). Achene terete, ribbed. Pappus of simple capillary bristles | 24. Crepis. |
| Herbs with radical leaves. Scapes simple, leafless. Achenes long-beaked. Pappus of simple capillary bristles | 25. Taraxacum. |
| Tall leafy succulent herbs. Achene flat, not beaked. Pappus of simple capillary bristles | 26. Sonchus. |
1. AGERATUM, Linn.
Erect herbs or rarely shrubs. Leaves opposite or the upper alternate. Heads usually corymbose, homogamous and discoid. Involucre campanulate; bracts 2–3-seriate, linear, subequal. Receptacle flat or nearly so, naked or with deciduous scales among the florets. Florets all tubular, hermaphrodite, equal; corolla-limb regularly 5-cleft. Anthers obtuse at the base. Style-branches elongate, obtuse. Achenes 5-angled. Pappus of 5 free or connate scales, or of 10–20 narrower ones.
A small genus of about 18 species, confined to America with the exception of the following one, which is universally spread through all warm regions.
1. A. conyzoides, Linn. Sp. Plant. 839.—A stout erect branching annual herb 1–3 ft. high, more or less clothed with spreading hairs. Leaves opposite, 1–3 in. long, ½–2 in. broad, ovate, obtuse or subacute, petiolate, crenate or crenate-serrate. Flower-heads small, ¼ in. diam., in dense terminal corymbs. Involucre nearly glabrous; bracts striate, acute, in about 2 rows. Florets numerous, blue or white. Achenes black, glabrous or slightly hispid. Pappus of 5 awned lanceolate scales.—D.C. Prodr. v. 108; Benth. Fl. Austral. iii. 462; Cheesem. Trans. N.Z. Inst. xx. (1888) 169; Kirk, Students Fl. 256.
Kermadec Islands: Abundant, T. F. C., Miss Shakespear! Wild Heliotrope.
2. LAGENOPHORA, Cass.
Small perennial herbs. Leaves often all radical. Scapes slender, unbranched. Heads solitary, small, heterogaraous. Involucre short, almost hemispherical; bracts in about two rows, with
