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constitutional power, is paramount to any action of either legislative branch operating contrary thereto. This does not imply that each branch of the Legislative Assembly may not appoint committees to investigate and otherwise for purposes of its legislative undertakings as an independent body. But it does necessarily follow that the constitutional restrictions specifically stated apply, and that the expression of the legislative will through legislative enactment by both branches of the Legislative Assembly as such is paramount and superior to independent action of either branch. Otherwise one branch of the Legislative Assembly might override through its independent action constitutional provisions and the expression of the sovereign will through such constitutional provisions in a valid legislative enactment. The proposition that a branch of the Legislative Assembly, although a lawmaking body, is itself subject to regulations by law and subject to constitutional provisions permitting expression of the sovereign will through legislative enactment, seems to be well recognized by the authorities. State v. Wallichs, 14 Neb. 439, 16 N. W. 481; Cook v. Auditor, 129 Mich. 48, 87 N. W. 1037; In re Chapman, 17 Sup. Ct. 677, 166 U. S. 661, 41 L. ed. 1154; Kilbourne v. Thompson, supra; State v. Guilbert, 75 Ohio St. 1, 78 N. E. 931. The Legislative Assemblies of this state have recognized this principle. Legislative enactments provide that each house may punish by imprisonment for contempt and breach of its privileges or the privileges of its members, § 29, C. L. 1913; that every person guilty of a contempt shall also be guilty of a misdemeanor, § 30, C. L. 1913; that a person summoned as a witness before either branch of the Legislative Assembly and before any committee authorized to summon witnesses who refuses to attend or who refuses to testify shall be guilty of misdemeanor. §§ 9333, 9334, C. L. 1913. A legislative enactment provides legislative officers and employees and for their compensation (§$§ 34, 35, C. L. 1913); for methods of auditing and payment of salaries for such officers and employees (§ 37, C. L. 1913); likewise for a continuing appropriation for mileage and per diem of legislative members and the per diem of officers and employees thereof and for the expenses of the investigating committees when authorized by the Legislative Assembly, including postage, express, and other miscellaneous expenses, § 42, C. L. 1913. Again, a legisla- tive enactment, in the general appropriation bill, provides an appropriation by law to cover such items of mileage and per diem, salaries of officers and employees, and expenses. Chap. 5, Sp. Sess. 1919. It would appear