Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 2.djvu/500

KIRKBY-TJNDER-DALE. 492 KIRKCALDY. Milbourne with Milbourne Grange, and Temple Sowerby. Limestone and alabaster abound. Near the village is a sulphur spring called Potts Well. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Carlisle, val. 959. The church, dedi- cated to St. John, is an ancient red stone structure with a tower. It contains an old cross, and monuments of the Dalstons. In addition to the parish church, there are two district churches at Milbourne and Temple Sowerby; the livings of both are perpet. curs., val. severally 95 and 96. The charities produce about 9 per annum. There is an endowed school for both sexes, also a Sunday-school. Sir Richard Tufton, Bart., is lord of the manor. KIRKBY-UNDER-DALE, a par. in the wap. of Buckrose, East Riding co. York, 7 miles N. of Pock- lington, its post town, and 5 W. of Burdale station on the Malton and Driffield railway. It contains the h mils, of Garrowby, Uncleby, Painsthorpe, and Hanging Griniston. The village, which is small, is situated on the Bridlington and York road, near a rapid descent of the Wolds. There are several hills, one of which, 800 feet above the level of the sea, gradually descends to the plain of York. The soil is various, but in general fer- tile. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of York, val. 867, in the patron, of the lord chancellor. The church, dedicated to All Saints, is a small structure with a tower containing three bells. It was thoroughly restored in 1828. There is a school for both sexes, in which a Sunday-school is also held. The Wesleyans have a chapel. The Right Hon. Sir Charles Wood, Bart., is lord of the manor and principal landowner. KIRKBY- UNDERWOOD, a par. in the wap. of Aveland, parts of Kesteven, co. Lincoln, 5J miles N. of Bourne, its post town, and 7 E. of the Corby railway station. The village, which is much scattered, is wholly agricultural. The tithes were commuted for land under an Enclosure Act in 1803. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Lincoln, val. 170, in the patron, of -the bishop. The church, dedicated to St. Mary and All Saints, is a small ancient structure with a tower containing three bells. The parochial charities produce ;72 per annum, 59 of which is the endowment of Brownlow's alms- housos. Lord Aveland is lord of the manor. KIRKBY-UPON-BAIN, a par. in the hund. of Gar- tree, parts of Lindsey, co. Lincoln, 5J miles S.W. of Horncastle, its post town and railway station, and 4 N.E. of Tattershall. It is situated near the Horncastle canal, and contains the tnshp. of Tumby. The tithes wore commuted for land and corn-rents under an Act of Enclosure in 1796. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Lincoln, val. 653, in the patron, of the lord chan- cellor. The church, dedicated to St. Mary, is a modern structure built on the site of an older one. The register commences in 1555. The parochial charities produce 80 per annum, the endowment of Brocklesby's free school for the education of the poor children of the parish. There is a chapel for Wesleyaus. Earl For- tescue is lord of the manor. KIRKBY WHARF, a par. partly in the upper div. of the wap. of Barkstone Ash, West Riding, but chiefly within the lib. of St. Peter's, East Riding co. York, 2.J miles S.E. of Tadcaster, its post town. It is situated on the N. bank of the river Wharfe, near the North Mid- land railway, and contains the tnshps. of Kirkby, TJlles- kelf, North Milford, and Grimston. The land is nearly evenly divided between arable and pasture. The uplands are well wooded, and command views of the valley of Wharfdale. The living is a vie. * in the dice, of York, val. 345, in the patron, of the archbishop. The church, dedicated to St. John the Baptist, is a stone building with a tower containing three bells. It has recently been restored in memory of the late Lord Londesborough, who resided at Grimston Park. In the interior is a stained- glass window and some oak carving. The parochial cha- rities produce 10 per annum. There is a girls' school, supported by Lady Londesborough, and a boys' school at Ulleskelf. There is an armoury at Grimston Park, which was collected by the late Lord Londesborough, and said to be one of the finest in the country. KIRKCALDY, a political district of the co. Fife, Scotland, containing the pars, of Abbotshall, Augh- terderran, Aughtertool, Ballingry, Burntisland, Dysart, Kennoway, Kinghorn, Kinglassie, Kirkcaldy, Lelie, Markhinch, Scoonie, and Wemyss. Its size is 14 miles long by 9 broad. KIRKCALDY, a par., seaport, market town, and royal burgh in the district of Kirkcaldy, co. Fife, Scot- land, 14 miles N. of Edinburgh, and 33 S.W. of Dundee. It is intersected by the Edinburgh, Perth, and Dundee railway, which has a station contiguous to the town. It is encompassed by the pars, of Dysart, Auchter- derrand, and Abbotshall, and by the Firth of Forth. The par. is 2 miles in length by 1 mile in breadth, with an area of 1,100 acres. By far the greater portion of the land, is under tillage. It has a coast line of three- quarters of a mile in length. The par. is the seat of a presb. in the synod of Fife. The minister's stipend is 247, in the patron, of the crown. The parish church, situated at the back of the town, is a modern and com- modious structure. The United Presbyterians, the Free Church, the Baptists, the Episcopalians, and the Inde- pendents have each a place of worship in the town, and at Port Brao is a chapel of ease. The land is chiefly possessed by Oswald, of Dunnikier House. Here for- merly was a cell belonging to the Culdees, of which the name Kirkcaldy is a corruption. Iron ore is found, and coal is worked in the immediate neighbourhood. The town of Kirkcaldy stretches for nearly a mile along the base of a range of hills close to the shore of the Firth of Forth. From the circumstance of its having until recently consisted of only one long street, it acquired the name of the "lang town of Kirka'dy." It has recently been much improved and widened, and several new streets built at right angles to the main street. It contains a townhall, built in 1829, and a gaol. It ia well supplied with water, and is lighted with gas. In the vicinity are many detached dwellings. There are several schools, the chief being the Burgh School, erected in 1844, with money left by Robert Philips, for the education of children of both sexes. The principal inns are the " National," the " Harbour Head," and the "George." There are branch offices of the Bank of Scotland, and of the City of Glasgow, Commercial, National, and Union banks, also a savings-bank, chamber of commerce, several insurance agencies ; be- sides agricultural, horticultural, scientific, and other societies. The trade of this place hears an intimate affinity with that of Dundee, consisting chiefly of the spinning of flax and the weaving of linen goods. The annual value of the linen trade of the town and the surrounding district is calculated to be about 200,000. The other branches of industry include a floor-cloth manufactory, a rope- work, two extensive iron-works, an iron shipbuilding yard, distillery, breweries, flour mills, &c. The port is the seat of a custom house, having the control over a linn of coast extending from Aberdour on the W. to St. Andrew's on the E. The harbour is the property of the town, but under the management of parliamentary commissioners. It has been extended and improved on several occasions, and a grand scheme is in progress for the construction of an outer and inner harbour, at the cost of 30,000. The average depth of water is 12 feet at neap tides, and 18 at spring tides. A branch rail from the main line traverses the whole length of the harbour, and greatly facilitates the loading and unloading of vessels. Scarcely anything is known of the history of this place before 1334, when it was given to the abbots of Dunfermline as a burgh of royalty, and continued in their possession till 1450, when the com- mendator and convent disposed of the burgh and harbour, with all its privileges, to the bailies of Kirkcaldy. It was soon after created a royal burgh, and its privileges were ratified by Charles I. in 1644, who made it a free port, with fresh immunities. At this time it is said to have been more populous than it is at present, and to have had above 100 sail of ships belonging to the port. After the Revolution it rapidly declined, till 1763, when its commerce began to revive. It has since gradually