KIRKCA1IBECK. 493 KIRKCUDBRIGHT. into repute, both as a port and a manufacturing i. The number of vessels belonging to the port at ent are about 100, of an aggregate tonnage of 9,000 i. The principal exports are coals and linen yarn, the imports flax, timber, and grain. The civic government of the town is confided to a provost, two bailies, a dean of guild, a treasurer, 16 councillors, and a town clerk. The magistrates have all the powers ordinarily possessed by magistrates of royal burghs, and hold courts for trial of crimes and civil causes. Courts for recovery of small debts for the neighbouring district ore also held here. It unites with Kinghorn, Dysart, and Burntisland in returning one member to parliament. The boundaries of the parliamentary borough are more extensive than the municipal in 1861 the former con- tained 10,851 inhabitants, and the latter 5,195. The income of the burgh is about 638. The ships of Nor- way, Denmark, and Prussia frequent the port, and there are several small vessels employed in trading between this place and London, Leith, Glasgow, &e. Dr. Adam Smith, author of " The Wealth of Nations," was a native, as was also Mr. Oswald, of Dunnikier, the states- man and patriot, who for many years represented this burgh. One newspaper, the Kirkcaldy Advertiser, is published in the town. Saturday is market day, chiefly for grain, with generally a good attendance. In Febru- ary, July, and October cattle markets are held. KIRKCAMBECK, a stream in co. Cumberland. It rises in Spadeadam. Moss, and joins the Irthing near Newtown. KIRK-CAMBOCK, an ancient par. in co. Cumber- land, now joined to Lanercost. It was given to the prior and convent of Carlisle, but was almost destroyed and ruined by the Scots. The living was a rect. rated in Pope Nicholas's valor at 8, but nothing in King Edward II. 's. The fabric of the church has long been in ruins. For the rites of baptism and sepulture, the people commonly repair to the church of Lanercost. KIRKCHRIST, an ancient par. now united with Twynholm, in co. Kirkcudbright, Scotland. The village was situated near the river Dee, and opposite the town of Kirkcudbright, where are the ruins of a church with a cemetery, the latter being still used. A nunnery was founded here in ancient times. KIRK-CHRIST-LEZAYRE, a par. in Ayre shead- ing, Isle of Man, 3 miles W. of Ramsey. The par., which includes the chplry. of Sulby, is situated in the most fertile part of the island, under North Barule, which attains an altitude of 1,840 feet above the sea. The village is considerable, and had formerly a Cister- cian cell to Furness Abbey. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Sodor and Man, val. 240, in the patron, of the crown. The church, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, is a modern structure rebuilt on the site of a more ancient one. The parochial charities produce 20 per annum. | There are three schools, one of which has a small endow- I ment. Fairs for the sale of cattle are held on the 8th and 24th June. KIUK-CHEIST-RUSHEN, a par. in Eushen shead- ing, Isle of Man, 4 miles V. of Castletown. It contains the ports of St. Mary and Erin, the island called the Calf of Man, and the Brada copper-mine. On the coast is the Spanish Point, near which is a lighthouse. At a called Abbey-Old-Bridge are the remains of a Mercian abbey founded in the llth century by King t'Manus, where many of the kings in old times were buried. The living is a vie. * in the dioc. of Sodor and Mau, val. 150, in the patron, of the crown. There ia a school with an endowment of 7 per annum. The principal residence is Rushen Abbey, the seat of Deem- ster Moore. In the vicinity are large boulders known I as the Giant's Quoits, and a barrow. KIRKCOLM, a par. in the co. of Wigtown, Scotland, I 5 miles N.W. of Stranraer. It is bounded on the S. by i the par. of Leswolt, on the N. and W. by the Irish Sea, I and on the E. by Loch Ryan. It comprises Ervie and
- " kcolm post-office stations. Its size is about 6 miles
$ by 5 broad. Its surface is gently undulating, and i an area of 14,500 acres. The soil is generally fer- TOl. II. tile. The par. is in the presb. of Stranraer and synod of Galloway. The minister's stipend is 265. The church is a modern and commodious structure. There is a Freo church, and also several schools, in the neighbourhood. Here are the ruins of Corsewall Castle, once a place of great strength. Near Loch Ryan, at the S.W. corner of the parish, are the ruins of Kilmorie (i. e. St. Mary's) Church, and adjacent to it is the Virgin's Well, cele- brated for its alleged miraculous cures. Loch Connel is a fresh water lake about 1 mile in circuit. In this district are oyster beds, and off the coast cod, whitings, herrings, and lobsters are taken. The ancient parish church was dedicated to St. Columb, hence Jhe name of the parish. On Corsewall Point is a lighthouse, the lantern of which is 112 feet above high water. KIRKCONNEL, a par. in the district of Nithsdale, co. Dumfries, Scotland, 3 miles N.W. of Sanquhar. It has a station on tho Glasgow and South- Western rail- way, by which the parish is intersected. It is 1 7 miles long by 7 broad. There are about 6,100 acres under til- lage. Two-thirds of the whole area is hilly pasture, and much attention is given to dairy farming. It is watered by the river Nith and its tributaries. The par. is in' the presb. of Penpont, and synod of Dumfries. The minis- ter's stipend is 241. The church is a commodious structure. Old Kirkconnel and its church, which was dedicated to St. Connel, stood about 2 miles N. of the present village. Glenwhurry Hill has recently been discovered to be the burial-place of St. Connel. Thera are two mineral wells in the parish. Coal, ironstone, limestone, and lead are found, but the first only is worked. The Duke of Buccleuch is tho chief landowner. KIRKCONNEL, a locality in the par. of Newabbey, co. Kirkcudbright, Scotland. Tho Roman Catholics have a chapel here. KIRKCONNEL, an ancient par. in tho co. of Dum- fries, Scotland, now united to Kirkpatrick-Fleming. It is the scene of the story of " Fair Helen of Kirkconnel Lee." KIRKCORMACK, an ancient par. in co. Kirkcud- bright, Scotland, now joined to Kelton. KIRKCOWAN, or KIRKOWEN, a par. in the co. of Wigton, Scotland, 7 miles N.W. of Wigton. It is a station on tho Glasgow, South- Western, and Portpatrick railway. It is 15 miles long by 4 broad. The surface is naturally a series of bleak moors, with a poor thin soil only adapted for pasture. The parish is watered by tho rivulets Bladenock and Taaf, and is intersected by the roads between Ayrshire and Wigton and Portpatrick and Dumfries. It is in the presb. of Wigton and synod of Galloway. The minister's stipend is 293. In tho district are three schools. The ancient church was dedicated to St. Keuin, hence Kirkuan, the old name of the parish. A granite rocking-stone was discovered here a few years ago ; it is 4| feet high, and 16j feet in the girth, and is balanced to such a nicety as to be kept in motion by the wind. Craighlaw House is a fine seat in this parish. Here are granite and grey wacke quarries, also a woollen mill. KIRKCUBRIE, an ancient par. in co. Ayr, Scotland, now joined to Ballintrae. KIRKCUDBRIGHT, commonly called a stewartry, but to all intents and purposes a sheriffdom, or shire. It is situated in tho S. of Scotland, and forms the eastern, and by far the most extensive, portion of the ancient district of Galloway. It is bounded on the N. by the co. of Ayr, on the S. by the Irish Sea and Solway Firth, on the E. by the rivers Cairn and Nith, which separate it from the co. of Dumfries, and on tho W. by the co. of Wigton. It extends from N. to S. 40 miles, and from E. to W. 44 miles, and contains an area of 954 statute miles, or 610,734 acres. It has no subdivisions, but the four most northerly parishes Carsphain, Kells, Dairy, and Balmaclellan, are commonly designated the district of " Glenkins." The character of the country naturally separates it into two divisions ; if a line be drawn from the centre of Kirkpatrick. Iron- gray parish, to the Gatehouse of Fleet, all to the N.W., with little exception, is so mountainous, that it may 3n
