GALES. 76 GALLOWAY, NEW. GALES, a tnshp. in the par. of Llangwyfan, co. Den- bigh, a short distance from the ahove township. GALEY, a, par. in the bar. of Iraghticonnor, co. Kerry, prov. of Minister, Ireland, 2 miles N.W. of Listowel, its post town. It lies along the hanks of the river Galey, which rises in co. Limerick, near Newcastle, and falls into the river Feale near its confluence with the Brick. The surface includes a large proportion of hog and waste land. The soil is good. The living is a vie. in the dioc. of Ardfert and Aghadoe, val. with Listowel, 335. Here are two private day schools. In the Roman Catholic arrangement it is divided between the districts of Listowel and Lisseltin. GALGORM, a vil. in the par. of Ahoghill, bar. of Lower Toome, co. Antrim, prov. of Ulster, Ireland, 2 miles W. of Ballymena on the road from Portglenone. It is situated on the hanks of the river Maine, near Gal- gorm Castle, the seat of Earl Mountcashel. GALHAMPTON, a hmlt. in the par. of North Cad- bury, co. Somerset, 2 miles S.E. of Castle-Cary. GALLATOWN, EASTER AND WESTER, a post vil. in the par. of Dysart, co. Fife, Scotland, 1 mile N.W. of Dysart. The place has been long noted for the making of nails. Here are a pottery and schools. A fair is held on the first Wednesday in August. GALLEN, a par. in the bar. of Garrycastle, King's County, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 3 miles N.E. of lianagher. Cloghan is its post town. The river Brosna flows along the N. border. The Shannon passes on the W., and the interior is intersected by the river Silver, the Grand canal, and the road from Banagher to Ath- lone. It contains the vils. of Clonana, Cloghan, and Shannon Harbour, and part of Ferbane and Lough Boora. The surface, from its flatness and position, is very boggy. The soil is good. The living is a vie. in the dioc. of Meath, val. 310, in the patron, of tho bishop. The church, a neat building, erected by the late Board of First Fruits in 1813, stands in the village. Here is a Roman Catholic chapel united to that of Banagher. Two National and several private schools arc in the parish. Gallen Priory is the seat of Sir A. Armstrong, Bart., M.P. Gallon was anciently part of the territory of the McCogh- lans, who built a castle here, reduced by Ireton in 1650. In 490 a monastery was founded by St. Carnoc, and destroyed in 820 by Felim McCroimhain. At the Dissolution the lands were granted to Sir Gerald Moore. An abbey was also founded here by St. Diarmid in the 6th century, -which was burnt in 1077. Some remains of the monastery still exist. GALLEN, a bar. in the co. Mayo, prov. of Connaught, Ireland. It is bounded on the N. by the co. Mayo, on the E. by the bar. of Costello, on the S. by that of Clan- morris, and on the W. by those of Carra and Tyrawley. It extends over an area of 119,392 acres, and contains the pars, of Attymass, Bohola, Kilgarvan, Kilconduff, Killeden, Killasser, Meelick, Templcmore, Toomore, and part of Kildacommoge, and the towns of Swineford and Foxford. The streams of the barony are the Moy, in the W., and its confluent the Guishden. Tho Lurgan hills rise in the N., and the Slievecon and Spullagadon moun- tains skirt the S.W. border. The arable land is of good quality, but there is a large area of bog and waste. GALLERUS, a vil. in the par. of Kilmelchedor, bar. of Corkaguiney, co. Kerry, prov. of Munster, Ireland, near Smerwick harbour. Here are situated a hermitage built in the early English style, a burial-ground with ancient tombstones, and an old castle of the Fitssgeralds, knights of Kerry. The hermitage has a chamber oi curious workmanship. GALLEYHEAD, in the par. of Ardfiold, bar. of Ibanc and Barryroe, co. Cork, prov. of Munster, Ireland. It forms the head of a peninsula running between the bays of Ross and Clonakilty. GALLIONS REACH, a bend of the Thames between East Ham and Plumstead Marshes, below Woolwich. GALLOON, a par. in the bars, of Clankelly, Coole, and Knockninny, co. Fermanagh, prov. of Ulster, Ire- land. Clones is its post town. It is situated on the E. bank of Upper Lough Erne, and contains the vil. ol Newton Butler. The surface is flat in the vicinity <
- ho lough, but becomes elevated as it approaches tho
Monaghan border. The parish limits include several islands in the lough. The living is a rcct. and vie. in Lhe dioc. of Clogher, val. 492, in the patron, of the bishop. The church, a large cruciform structure, was built in 1821 by the late Board of First Fruits in place of the old edifice, -which was accidentally burnt in 1819. Here are two Roman Catholic chapels and two Wesleyan chapels (one Primitive). There are ten Sunday and several National schools in the parish. Crom Castle is the seat of the Earl of Erne. The Erne and Ulster canal passes in the vicinity. The road from Dublin to Enniskillen, and a branch of the Great North- Western railway to Enniskillen, pass through tho parish. Lime- stone and building stone are obtained here. GALLOPER SAND, at the mouth of the Thames, in N. lat. 61 45', and E. long. 1 56'. It extends for above 4 miles in length by half a mile broad, with only 6 feet water in places. A beacon ship with two lights, visible for 10 miles, is moored off these sands. GALLOPING GREEN, a post vil. in the par. of Kill, bar. of Rathdown, co. Dublin, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 2 miles N.W. of Cabinteely. GALLOW, a par. in the bar. of Upper Deece, co. Meath, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 3 miles N.W. of KU- cock. Maynooth is its post town. The surface is undu- lating, and the soil various. The parish is traversed by the road from Kilcock to Trim, and by the Royal canal on the S. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Meath, val. with Raddanstown, 363, in the patron, of the crown. Gallow Hill is the principal residence. GALLOWAY, a district in the S.W. of Scotland, including the co. Wigton and the stewartry of Kirk- cudbright. It is bounded on the N. by the cos. Ayr and Dumfries, on the E. by the co. Dumfries, on the S. by the Solway Firth and the sea, and on tho W. by tho Firth of Clyde and the Irish Channel. Its length is over 63 miles and its breadth 43 miles. It is locally divided into Upper and Lower, and the Rhinns of Galloway. It anciently included the whole district lying between tho Clyde and Solway, and -was inhabited by the Novuntei, Selgovn, and Danmii. The Anglo-Saxons held the upper hand in the 6lh and 7th centuries, and in 875 tho Danes overran the territory. In the 9th and 10th centuries the Irish colonised the place, who, with the Scottish settlers, were called the Galli and Cniit/me, from whenco we have the Saxon Gallweia, or Galtvay, or Galloway. This district was governed by the lords of Galloway until reduced by Malcolm IV. in 1160, who defeated Fergus, Lord of Galloway. The territory was subse- quently held by John Baliol, the Comyns", Douglasses, and others, but for centuries after was the arena of end- less conflict and bloodshed. A small dun horse peculiar to this district is now seldom seen. There are extensive pastures for black cattle and black-faced sheep. Tho Stewarts and Garlies take the title of earl from this district. Galloway House, the seat of the Earl of Gal- loway, is situated in a beautiful spot in the parish of Sorbie. Galloway gives name to a synod and Free church district, including the presbs. of Stranraer, Wig- ton, and Kirkcudbright. GALLOWAY, NEW, a post town, royal and parlia- mentary borough, in the district of Glenkins, par. of Kells, co. Kirkcudbright, Scotland, 25 miles W. of Dum- fries, and 98 from Edinburgh. It is situated on the right bank of the river Ken, which is here crossed by an elegant stone bridge, and at the cross roads from Kirkcud- bright to Ayr, and from Newtown-Stewart to Dumfries. It is an inconsiderable and ill-built place, consisting of two principal streets, crossing at right angles. It con- tains a townhouse, branch of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Bank, and a gaol. The parish church stands a little without the limits of the town. Galloway obtained its charter from Charles I. in 1629, and is governed by a provost, 2 bailies, a treasurer, and 18 councillors. It sends one member to parliament in union with Wigton, Stranraer, and Whithorn. Justice of the peace courts are held monthly, and small-debt courts three times
