Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 2.djvu/83

GAIRDEN. 75 GALES. The Independents, Wesleyans, Primitive and New Con- nexion Methodists, Unitarians, and Roman Catholics have each a chapel, and the Society of Friends a meeting- house. Here is a grammar school, partly free, National schools for boys, girls, and infants, and a Wesleyan day school. William de Gainsborough, Bishop of Wor- cester at the beginning of the 14th century, and Simon Patrick, Bishop of Ely in the 17th century, were natives of this place. Here are some remains of Roman and Danish camps. Tuesday is market day, every alternate week being for fat stock. Two fairs are held in the year, each lasting ten days the first commencing on Easter Monday, and the second on the 20th October, for live stock, cloth, and various descriptions of goods, and every Monday from the beginning of July till the 5th August for wool. GAIRDEN, or GAIRN, a rivulet of the co. Dum- barton, Scotland. It rises in the par. of Braemar, at Red Cairn, and has a course of nearly 20 miles, passes through Glengairden, and joins the Deo a little above Ballater Bridge. GAIRLOCH, a par. and post-office vil. in the district of Wester Ross, cos. Ross and Cromarty, Scotland, 46 miles W.N.W. of Dingwall, containing the quoad sacra pars, of Polewe and Shieldag. It is bounded by the river Greinard on the N., Loch Torridon on the S., and the Minch on the W., and is 32 miles long, and 18 broad. The coast is broken by numberless inlets and sea-lochs, the principal of which are Greinard, Ewe, with its islands, Torridon, and the famed Loch Marie, with its numerous islets, upon one of which Druidical remains exist. This par. is in the presb. of Lochcarron and synod of Glenelg, in the patron, of the crown. The minister has a stipend of 240. The church was built in 1791. There is also a church at Polewe, erected by the government, and a Free church at the same place. Here are parish schools and several private establishments. The landowners are the Mackenzies of Gairloch, Coul, Seaforth, and Letterewe, and Davison of Tulloch. Flowerdale Park is a fine seat in this parish, belonging to the Mackenzies. There is a considerable fishery in salmon, cod, and herring. Quartz and Old Red sandstone are the prevailing rocks. GAIRLOCH, or GARELOCH, an arm of the Firth of Clyde, penetrating 7 miles inland between the pars, of Roseneath and Row, co. Dumbarton, Scotland. Its greatest breadth is a little over 1 mile, and its banks are remarkable for their beautiful scenery. GAIRLOCH, or GARELOCH HEAD, a post vil. in the par. of Row, co. Dumbarton, Scotland, 7 miles N.W. of Helensburgh, a station on the Glasgow and Loch Lomond railway. It is situated, as its name implies, at the head of the loch of the same name. It is a pictu- resque place, and a favourite bathing spot. Here is a good landing-stage and a chapel-of-ease. GAIRNEY-BRIDGE, a hmlt. in the par. of Cleish, co. Kinross, Scotland, 2 miles S. of Kinross. It is seated on the Gairney Water, a small stream rising among the Cleish hills. Michael Bruce, the poet, resided here. GAIRNTULLY, a par. joined to Dull, co. Perth, Scotland. GAIKSAY, one of the Mainland Orkney Islands, Scot- land, in the par. of Erie and Rendall, 7 miles N. of Kirkwall, 2 miles long and 1 mile broad. It rises to a illegible altitude towards the centre, and consists of pasture and arable land. Millburn is a small harbour on 3. side, near which are the remains of an old residence of Sir William Craigie. ( ', A 1 SGILL, a hmlt. in the par. of Orton, East ward, co. Westmoreland, 8 miles S.W. of Appleby, and in the vicinity of Orton Scar beacon. < i A I TSGILL, a hmlt. in the par. of Dalston ward, and co. Cumberland, fl miles S. of Carlisle. This forms a township with Kaughton. (1ALA, a river flowing in the cos. Edinburgh, Sel- kirk, and Roxburgh, Scotland. It takes its rise among tho Moorfoot hills in the N. of the par. of Heriot. In the par. of Stow it is joined by the river Heriot and several other streams, the united waters of which flow into the Tweed near Abbotsford, bi low ( Jalashiels. The course of this stream is remarkably tortuous, traversing some very romantic districts. Trout are taken in great plenty. The Gala is celebrated in one or two Scottish ballads. GALASHIELS, a par. and manufacturing town in tho cos. of Selkirk and Roxburgh, Scotland. The par. includes the ancient pars, of Bowside, in Selkirkshire, and Lindean, in Roxburghshire, and is bounded on the N. and E. by Melrose, on the S. by Bowdeu and Selkirk, and on the W. by Selkirk and Stow. Tho surface is hilly, and the vales of the Tweed and Gala are beautifully wooded. The hill of Sleigle near the town has an altitude of 1,480 feet above the sea. Tho rivers abound in salmon and trout. The soil varies considerably that in Bowside is for the most part deep and cold, while that in Lindean is shallow and dry, but very fertile notwithstanding. Nearly one-third of the area is arable, the remaining two-thirds being de- voted to pasture. The chief seats are Gala House and Faldonside. There are ample means of communication N. and S. by road and rail. This par. is in the presb. of Selkirk and synod of Merse and Teviotdale. Tho minister has a stipend of 271. The town of Galashiels is a flourishing seat of manufacture, and is situated on the Gala, partly in the par. of Galashiels and partly in. that of Melrose, 6 miles N. of Selkirk, 4 N.W. of Mel- rose, and 28 S.E. of Edinburgh. The river Gala, which is also tho boundary between the cos. of Selkirk and Roxburgh, divides the town into two parts, a northern and southern, the latter being the more ancient. The extension of the manufacture of woollen cloth, first intro- duced about eighty years ago, together with railway communication by the Hawick and Kelso Branch of tho North British railway, the line from Galashiels to Selkirk, have added immensely to the prosperity of the town. No better proof can bo given of this, than the fact that the population of the town had increased to 6,433 at the census of 1861, while in 1831 it only numbered 2,100. The woollen articles produced here are blankets, shawls, plaids, yarns, crumb-cloths, and blanket-shawls, &o., the manufacture of which has been brought to great perfec- tion. Besides the parish church there is a Free church and an United Presbyterian church in the parish. In the part of the par. of Melrose included within the town, there are also a chapel-of-ease, a Free church, and an United Presbyterian church. There are besides in tho town places of worship for the Episcopalians, Roman Catholics, Baptists, Glassites, and Morrisonians. GALBALLY, a par. and post town in the bar. of Coshlea, co. Limerick, prov. of Munster, Ireland, 8 miles E. of Kilfinnane. The village is a petty sessions town and police station. It is situated at the foot of the Galtee mountains, near the upper end of Glen Aharlow. A large portion of the parish consists of wasteland. It is traversed by the road from Tipperary to Mitchellstown. The living is annexed to Dunstrileague, in the dioc. of Emly. The church is in ruins. Here is a Roman Catholic chapel, also parochial and hedge-schools. GALBOOLEY, BOLY, or GALVOLEY, a par. in tho bar. of Eliogarty, co. Tipperary, prov. of Munster, Ire- land, 2 miles S.E. of Thurles. Littleton is its post town. It is situated on a branch of the Suir, and is traversed by tho road from Thurles to Killenaule. The living is a vie. in the dioc. of Cashol, val. with Borrisolcagh, 906, in the patron, of the bishop. Here is a private day school. GALBY, or GAULBY, a par. in the hund. of Gartree, co. Leicester, 2 miles S.W. of Billesdon, and 8 S.E. of Leicester, its post town. The vil. of Galby lies high, the district being hilly. The tnshp. or chplry. of Frisby is included in the par. The living is a rect.* in tho dioc. of Peterborough, val. 275. The church is a plain structure with square tower, surmounted by pinnacles at each angle. It is dedicated to St. Mary. H. Powys- Keck, Esq., is lord of the manor. GALDRY, a vil. in the par. of Balmerino, co. Fife, Scotland, 5 miles N. of Cupar. Here is a police station. GALES, a tnshp. in the par. of Llanganhafal, co. Denbigh, North Wales, 3 miles N.E. of Ruthin.