main entrance of the agricultural building at the Coluiubi.in Exi)osition .Tt Chicago. He sub- sequently executed:i hirge grouj) of the Stanford family for the Stanford University, California. His work is eharncterized by tine decorative feel- ing and by a skillful accentuation of liglit and shade.
MEAD, Uicii,vi!i) (1(17.3-17.54). An English
physician. He was horn at Stepney, and at an
early age entered the universitj' at Utrecht.
.fter three years' study he went to Leyden,
where he entered upon the study of medicine
under the noted Professors Pitcairne and Her-
mann. Having taken his degree of doctor of
pliilosopliy and jihysics, he returned to Stepney
and began the practice of his profession in 1096.
In 17(Ki Dr. ilead was made a nieniber of the
Royal Society, and a lecturer at Saint Thomas's
Hospital. His reputation both as a practitioner
and as a writer on medical subjects was very
great, and he was in constant correspondence
with the most eminent scientists of the day in
his own and foreign countries. He received the
ajipointment of pliysician-in-ordinary to George
11.. and in 1716 was elected a fellow of the
College of Physicians. In addition to his ae-
tjuivcmcnts as a ph_ysician. Dr. Mead devoted
mticli time to the study of natural history,
antii|uarianisni, and numismatics. He was an
intimate friend of Bentley, Pope, and Johnson,
ills works were first published in Latin, and
subsecpiently translated into English, French,
and Italian. They include A Mechairical Account
of Foisoim (1702) and Monita et Prcecepta
Medica (17.51).
MEADE, George Gordon (1815-72). An American soldier, born of American parentage at Cadiz, Spain, December 31. 1815. He attended scluxil in Philadelphia. Washington, and Baltimore; graduated at West Point in 1835, and served in the Seminole War. In October,
18.36, he resigned from the ami}', adopted the
profession of civil engineer, and between lSo7
and 1842 was eni]doyed as an assistant engineer
in the surveys made by the United States Gov-
ernment of the delta of the Mississippi, the
Texas boundary, and the northeastern boiuidary
of the United States. In 1842 he was reap-
jxjinted to the army as a second lieutenant in
the corps of topographical engineers. On the
breaking out of the war with Mexico, when
General Taylor crossed the Rio tirande, he was
orilercd to the front, and served with distinction
tliroughout the war. Later he was employed in
superintendnig river and harbor improvements,
and in the construction of lighthouses on Dela-
ware Bay and oU' the coast ol Florida. He was
promoted to be tirst lieutenant in 1851 and
captain in 1856, and had charge of the national
survey of the northern lakes until 1861. At the
outbreak of the Civil War he was ordered to
Washington; was commissioned brig;idier-yencral
of volunteers August 31, 1861, and was placed
in command of the second brigade of the Penn-
sylvania reserve corps. He was in the action
at Dranesville, Va., December 20th; was at
ilechanicsville, June 26, 1802, and at the battle
of Gaines's Mill on the following day; and
served with his reserves throughout the Penin-
sular campaign, being severely wounded, June
30tli, at the battle of Fraz'ier's Farm. On
August 29-30, having recovered from his wound.
he was engaged in the second battle of Bull
Run: and in Seiitember took command of a
division of the First Army Corps. At the battle
of Antietam he was slightly wounded and had
two horses shot under him. In recognition of
his gallantry in this battle he received com-
mand of the Fifth Army Corps, and on Xovem-
ber 21), 1802, was commissioned major-general of
olunteers. He was engaged in the battles of
Fredericksburg and Cliancellorsville, covering
the retreat at Chancellorsville with his corps
and guarding the crossings until the entire army
was safely over the Rappahannock. On .lune 28,
1863. he was unexpei'tcdly ordered to succeed
General Hooker in the command of the Army of
the Potomac. The main army of the Confeder-
ates, under General Lee, had invaded Pennsylva-
nia, and it devolved upon Meade to arrest this
movement and drive back the enemy. Por-
tions of Lee's arnn- had reached York. Carlisle,
and the Susquehanna; but upon the advance of
the Federal army these were called in. On July
1st the hostile armies met at (Jettysburg. and
a three days' battle ensued, which resulted in
the utter discomfiture of Lee, who, however, was
not pursued with any vigor. (See Gettysburg,
B.rTT.E OF.) For this victory Meade was publicly
thanked by a resolution of Congress, passed Jan-
uary 28, ISOn. From May 4, 1864, to April 0,
1805, General Meade commanded the Army of the
Potomac, under General Grant, through the
Woody struggle in the Wilderness, and until
the surrender of Lee. On August 18, 1864, he
was commissioned a major-general in the United
States Army. At the close of the war he w.ts
placed in command of the Military Division of
the Atlantic, which command he retained from
July 1. 1805, to August 6. 1866. During the
years 1866-67 he was in command of the Depart-
ment of the East, and subsequently of the third
military district of the South (under the re-
construction laws). From March, 1S09, until his
death, he was again in commanil of the ililitary
Division of the Atlantic. He died on Kovemlier
0, 1872. Citizens of Philadelphia presented him
with a house, and after his death a fund of .$100,-
000 was collected by subscription and presented
to his familv. Consult: Bache, Life of General
G. G. Meade (Philadelphia. 1897); and Pcnny-
paeker. General Meade (New York, 1901), in the
"Great Commanders Series."
MEADE. Ricn.vRD Wors.^m (1837-97). An
American naval officer, born in New York City.
He entered the navy as midshipman in 18,50;
became navigating olficer of the Cumberland in
1856; eociperatcd with General Sherman as com-
mander of a division of the squadron off Helena,
Ark., in breaking up guerrilla warfare on the
Mississippi River in 1802-63; commanded the
marines in New York City during the draft riots
there in July, 1803; and subsequently served
with distinction in the South Atlantic and West
Gulf blockading si^uadrons. After the close of
the war until 1868 he acted as bead of the de-
partment of seamanship and naval tactics at the
United States Naval Academy. He then served
for a time in .laska. and from 1871 to 1873. in
command of the yarrar/anselt. cruised in the
Pacific. After his return he acted as president
of the board appointed to revise the ordnance
instructions of the navy. He was promoted to
be ca|)lain in March. 1880. and to be commander
in ifav, 1892. He was naval commissioner of
