Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 17.djvu/550

SALMON DANCE. 492 SALOME. woiilJ be ileath, wliilo lit> yiH's to llic vivi.-i', lakes a siiluion. cats a jiortioii, and with the remainiler kiudles a sacred tiic in tlie sweat-liouse. Xo man may eatili a salmon before the dance nor for ten days afterwards, even in ease of extreme necessity. SALMO'NEITS (Lat., from Gk. laXfioifevs). . Uinj; of l':iis wlio wished to be tliouglit a yod, and imitated Jove's thunder l>y driving his chariot over a brazen bridge, and lightning by torches liurlcd in all dijections. I'or this im- piety he was killed by lightning. SALMON FISHING. This sport demands the cxcicisc of all the skill and exiierience which the experienced angler may possess. It is uni- versally admitted that of all the delights of an angler's experience there is nothing comparable with that of rising and hooking a salmon. A tirst essential is the knowledge of the habits of the lish and the position of lod and tackle that will be equal to the strength and courage of the salmon. No arbitrary rule can be laid down in the selection of a rod, as much will depend upon tlie skill, strength, and experience of the lislierman; usually, a 17-foot rod is con- sidered long enough for ordinary casting. A moderately thick line will be required if a powerful rod is employed. A casting Hue, i.e. the gut line connecting the reel line with the fly, nuist be selected according as the water is clouded or dear, a finer line being selected for the clearer water. It is in the selection of flies that the greatest differences of opinion exist regarding salmon fishing. Some anglers employ ditlerent patterns for every month of the fishing season, others certain patterns or types for cer- tain localities, while still others believe that certain sliades of color are necessary for certain days. The consensus of opinion seems to be that the question of color is more important than that of pattern. There is almost as much divergence of opinion regarding hooks, a question which, like that of 'flies,' must be left to the choice of the angler. From the casting of the fly to the gafling and landing of the fish no definite rule may be said to apply. Consult Cholmondeley- Pennell, Fishing, in the Badminton Library (London. I8S0I. See Fly-C..sting ; Fishixg. SALMON-KILLER. See Stickleback. SALMON RIVER. A stream of Idaho. It rises in the Sawtooth ilountains, in the south central part of the State, and after a circuitous, mainly westward, course, empties into the Snake River, nO miles above Lewiston (Map: Idaho, A3). It is about 400 miles long, and through- out its length it flows in a deep, cafion-like valley, whose steeply sloping sides rise from .3000 to 4600 feet above 'it. SALMON-TROUT. See Salmon. SALM-SALM, zillm'zalm', Felix, Prince (1S2S-70). A German soldier of fortune, born at Anhalt. He was educated at the cadet school near Berlin, and, after serving in the Prussian and .-Vustrian armies, came to the United States in 1801. At the beginning of the Civil War he w-as appointed to the staff of Gen. Louis Blenker, and later was commissioned colonel of the Eighth New York Volunteers, a German regiment. In 1864 he was appointed to the command of the Sixty-eighth New York Volun- teers, and the next year was made brigadier- general and served as post commander at Atlanta. At the end of the war he went to Mexico, where he became one of Emperor ilaximilian's aides and chief of his household. Soon after Maxi- milian's execution he returned to Europe, reen- tered the Prussian service as major in the Grenadier Guards, and was killed at Gravelotte. He published an accoimt of his experiences in .1/^1/ Diary iti Mexico, Including the Lust Dai/s of Emperor Maximilian (1808). Consult Princess Salm-Salm, Ten Years of J/y Life (New York, 187.5). SALOL (from sul-ici/l -j- phen-ol). The salicylate of phenol, a white crystalline powder, nearly tasteless and odorless, almost insoluble iu water, but soluble in alcohol, ether, and chloroform. It is very slightly or not at all dissolved in the stomach, but in the alkaline intestinal secretion is split into 36 ' parts of phenol and 04 of salicylic acid. This fact is utilized in testing the muscular activity of the stomach. In the healthy stomach salol should pass into the intestine, and after decomposition there ap])ear in the urine as salicyluric acid within one-half to three-quarters of an hour. If this reaction cannot be obtained within an hour after administration of salol there is probably some such condition as dilatation or atony of the stomach. The test for salicyluric acid is the addition to the urine of a few drops of ferric chloride, which gives a reddish-violet color with that acid. The physiological effects of salol are practically the same as those of salicylic acid ( q.v. ) , which is formed by its decomposition in the intestine, but the ringing in the ears and other cerebral symptoms are less marked and frequent, and gastric disturbance is rare on ac- count of its insolubility in the stomach. Aside from these advantages it is inferior to sodium salicylate in the treatment of acute rheumatism. It is of value as an intestinal antiseptic in colitis and similar affections. For the relief of pain it is often combined with phenacetine in cases of influenza. SALO'ME (Lat., from Gk. ZaXiifiv). The name of several women mentioned in later Jew- ish history or the New Testament. (1) The wife of Alexander Jaun.'eus, King of the Jews B.C. 104-78. Yhen her former husband, Aris- tobulus I., died she released his brother, Alexan- der Jannieus, from prison and gave him her hand in marriage. At his death she reigned as Queen until her death iu b.c 09. L'nlike her husband, she favored the Pharisees, and her prosperous reign was considered by them the golden period of the Maccabean era. (2) A sister of Herod the Great, intensely jealous of any rivalry touching her influence with her brother. She was a wicked, unscrupulous woman, several times married and divorced. ( 3 ) The daughter of Herodias, second wife of Antipas. and granddaughter of Herod the CJreat. Her skillful dancing induced Antipas to make the rash vow that led to the death of John the Baptist (cf. Mark vi. I" et seq.). She married Aristobuhis, one of the numerous de- scendants of Herod, ruler of Lesser Armenia. ( 4 ) Wife of Zebedee and mother of the Apostles James and .John. She was one of Jesus' most devoted friends, though somewhat over-ambitious for her sons' advancement in the coming Mes- sianic kingdom. Some suppose that she was sister to ilarv. the mother of .Jesus (cf. Matt. xx. 20-23; xxvii.' .50; ilark xv. 40 41, xvi. 1, and possibly John six. 25.)