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SALVATION ARMT. 50; captains, lieutoiiants, and scryoaiits. While fumls are ilerivod from subscriiitioiis, the aim 13 to make the posts sell'-supporlint!. The general hn« liecri, from the first, the fouiider, William iiootli, who was ably seeonded by his wife, Cath- erine (Mumford) Booth, until her death in 18'.)0, For her devotion to the work she has been called 'the mother of the Salvation Army.' The Salvation Army has extended its field of operations until in 1903 it carriwl on cam- paigns in 49 countries and colonies of Europe, Asia, Africa, America, and Australasia. It re- ports 7174 corps, circles, and societies, with 15,- 590 ollicers and employees. The gospel is preached in 31 languages. The number of social institutions for the jioor is G20, with daily ac- conunodation for 33,000. The number of beds supplied in 12 nmnths is given as 4,308,854, and the number of meals supplied in the same period as 7,041,775. In ISSO George Scott Eailton was sent over from England to organize the Salvation Army in the United States. What it has actually accom- plished since that time, as well as its methods of work, are succinctly stated in the following table, taken from the' Pocket History prepared by the Army: Offleers, cadets, and employees 3,948 Corps, outposts, slum posts, and social institu- tions 911 Accommodation in social institutions 9,000 Expended annually upon the poor of America, exclusive of farm colonies $480,000 Annual provision of beds for the poor 3,000,000 industrial homes, wood yards, and stores for un- employed &3 Accommodation (finding daily work for the un- employed) SO Annual income from their work $150,000 Outside einplo.vuient found for about 25,000 Farm colonies 3 Acreape 2,800 Colonists (men. women, and children) 400 Rescue homes for fallen girls 21 Accommodation in same 500 Girls passing through yearly 1,800 Babies cared for in rescue homes daily, about 100 Passing tlirough annunlly, about 500 Accommodntion for (-hildreu in orphanages 150 Accommodation for children in day nurseries 100 Children settled on colonies with parents, about.. 250 Children cared for in various ways, annually about 1,500 Christmas dinners, clothing, and toys, persons provided with 250,000 The Salvation Army issues 58 weekly and monthly periodicals in 24 languages. Among them may be mentioned The ^Vn>■ Cry (weekly). The Young Soldier (weekly). The Social Gazette (weekly), and All the World (monthly). For the history of the Army and its work, consult the works of General Booth, particularly In Darkest England and the Way Out (Londoii, 1890) : the writings and memoirs of Jlrs. Booth (see the biographical notice of her husband) ; the Life of General Booth, hv his son-in-law, Comumnder Booth-Tucker (New York, 1890) ; Railton, Tieentii-one Years' Salvation Army (London, 1887) ; id.. Heathen England (ib., 1891). SALVATOR. A name (compare 'monitor') given to various large lizards, as the teju (q.v. ), in reference to the belief that they warn persons of the presence of a crocodile or alligator. SALVATOR ROSA, See Rosa, Salvator. SALVE, See Oixtmext, SALVIA. See Sage, SAL'VIA'NUS. A Christian writer, of the fifth century. He was a native of Cologne, and 2 SALWIN. during the latter part of liis life was presbyter at ^larseilles. He wrote several works on de- votional subjects, of which there are extant Advcr- sus Araritiam, a treatise against avarice, which api)earcd in four books under the pseudonym of Timotheus (c.440 a.u.) ; De Gubernatione Dei, on the providence of God, a work in eight books, written during the inroads by the barbarians upon the Koman Empire; and nine pastoral let- ters. These works are valuable for their vivid descriptions of the life and morals of the period. The best editions are by Halm (Berlin, 1877) and by Pauly (Vienna, 1883). SALVIATI, siil've-a'te. A name frequently applied to the Italian painter Francesco del Rossi (q.v.). SALVINI, sal-ve'ne, Alessandro (1861-96). An American actor, son of the Italian tragfdian Tommaso Salvini (q.v.). Born at Rome December 21, 1861, he was educated at Florence as a civil engineer. He came to America in 1881, and after learning English became an actor and pla.ved with Clara Jlorris and Margaret :Mather. He joined his father's company when the latter came to this coimtry in 1885. In New York City he won successes as Launcelot in Elaine and as Henry Borgfeldt in The Partners, but his best knowii plays throughout the country were per- haps ilon'te Cristo, Hamlet, and The Three Guardsmen. His D'Artagnan was an admirable performance. He died at his father's home in Florence, Italy, December 15, 1896. Consult McKav and Wingate, Famous American Actors of To-day (New York, 1896). SALVINI, Tommaso (1829—). A celebrated Italian tragedian, born at Milan. His parents were actors, and when a boy he showed such talent for the stage that he was placed under the tuition of the great Gustavo Modena. After winniug renown in juvenile characters he joined the Ristori troupe. In 1849 he entered the array of Italian independence, in which his services were conspicuous. After the war he appeared in the Edipo of Xiccolini and achieved a great suc- cess. Alfieri's Saul, in which he played not long afterwards, was perhaps the greatest of all his characters. In Paris, where he played Orosniane (in Voltaire's Zaire), Orestes. Saul, and (Ithello, he was received with great enthusiasm. In 186.^, at the sixth centenary of Dante's birthday in Florence, Salvini with the other great Italian actors, Rossi, Gattinelli, and Ristori, was invited to perform in Silvio Pellico's Franeesca da Rimini. His first appearance in the United States was in 1873, and he was so well receiveil that he repeatedly returned. During his second visit (1880-81) he first tried the experiment of acting in Italian with a company that spoke English. In 1SS6 he and Edwin Booth played to- gether for three weeks, Salvini as Othello and Booth as lago. After Salvini's last tour in this country in 1890 he retired from the stage to his home in Florence. Consult: Leaves from the Autobiography of Tommaso Salvini (New York, 1893) ; Ricordi, aneddofi ed impressioni (Mi- lan. 1895) ; Winter, Shadows of the Stage (New Y'ork. 1S92). SALWIN, sal'wen', or SALWEEN. A large river of Southeastern Asia. It rises in the south- eastern part of Tibet and flows southward through the Province of Yunnan. China, and then through Burma, emptying into the Gulf of Martaban, east