- Bills of exchange, 355
- Biscay, Bay of, 226, 272, 304
- Bishop, early Christian, 100, 102, 105-06, 114; in early Middle Ages, 120, 155, 157, 162, 169, 187, 193, 203; in feudal period, 219, 221, 264, 280-81, 288-93, 295; relations with towns, 327, 341, 346, 349-50, 357, 360-61, 363, 369-70; relations to culture, 388, 391, 418, 422; in later Middle Ages, 436-39, 442-43, 447, 452, 457-58, 463, 481, 484, 501, 534-35, 562, 574, 618
- Bithynia, 35, 54, 68-69
- Black Death, 514-16, 518, 523, 531
- Black Forest, 88, 621
- Black Prince, 517, 522-23, 525
- Black Sea, 12, 17, 21, 34, 40, 53-55, 71, 84, 224, 345, 515, 550, 552-53, 583
- Blanche of Castile, 495
- Blasphemy, 294
- Blind arcade, 421-22, 428, 431
- Blois, 270-71, 274, 528
- Blok, quoted, 371
- Bobbio, 170
- Boccaccio, 593, 598
- Boëthius, 124-25, 222, 379
- Bogomiles, 445
- Bohemia, 11, 202, 216, 228, 263, 307, 389, 430, 435, 455, 532-33, 537-38, 546, 551-53, 558-59, 561, 568-72, 615-16
- Bohemian Brotherhood, 571
- Bohemond, 310, 314-16, 319
- Boiardo, 593
- Bokhara, 551
- Bolingbroke, Lord, 18
- Bologna, 295, 351-52, 377, 381, 389-90, 434, 470, 49i, 573, 586, 637-38
- Boniface, Count of Africa, 83-84
- Boniface, Marquis of Montferrat, 464, 466
- Boniface, St., 168-69, 171, 194
- Boniface VIII, Pope, 446, 483, 501, 503-05
- Bonn, 88
- Bookkeeping, 35
- Booksellers, 185
- Bordeaux 149, 179, 333, 358, 366, 522; Archbishop of, 437, 506
- Borgia, House of, 635
- Borgia, Caesar, 635
- Borgia, Lucrezia, 635
- Boris I, King of Bulgaria, 152, 228-29
- Boroughs, English, 367-68, 484
- Bosnia, 445, 549, 554, 556, 558
- Bosworth Field, battle of, 628
- Botticelli, 605
- Bourbon, House of, 626
- Bourgeoisie, 408-09, 414, 494, 587, 622; and see Middle class
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- Bourges, 267, 510, 529, 573, 622, 638; "King of," 527
- Bouvines, battle of, 463
- Bow, see Cross, and Long
- Brabant, Duchy of, 356, 448, 524, 616
- Bracton, 476
- Bramante, 607
- Brandenburg, Mark of, 228, 305, 307, 533, 540, 547, 616
- Bremen, 369
- Brescia, 352
- Breslau, 549
- Brethren of the Sword, 308, 544
- Bretigny, Treaty of, 514, 517-18
- Breton dialect, 398
- Breton March, 203
- Bretons, 260, 406, 434, 522; and see Brittany
- Breviary of Alaric, 122
- Brie, 625
- Brindisi, 314
- Bristol, 368, 609
- Britain, 19, 24, 29, 34, 36-37, 40, 75, 78-79, 84-86, 1 18-19, 122, 164, 166, 209, 328, 406
- British Christians, 167, 169
- British Empire, 261
- British Isles, 11, 164, 166, 169, 192, 219-20, 384, 401, 474, 487, 561; and see Great Britain, Ireland, Hebrides, Orkneys, Shetlands, England, Scotland
- Brittany, 118, 166, 170, 203, 213, 246, 273-76, 333, 340, 379, 398, 406, 442, 488, 493-94, 508, 513-14, 522, 625-26; and see Breton
- Bronze age, 4, 42
- Bronze, sculpture in, 603-04
- Brotherhood of man, 31, 62, 174
- Brotherhoods, medieval, 335, 571, 598, 631
- Bruce, Robert, 488
- Bruges, 365-67, 498-99, 524, 543, 628
- Brunelleschi, 598-99, 601-03, 613
- Brunhilda, 127, 159, 166, 401
- Bruno, 374
- Brussels, 618
- Brutus, 413
- Brythonic dialects, 398
- Bulgaria, 308, 453, 455, 549, 554, 556
- Bulgarians, 11, 139, 151-52, 228-29, 308
- Bulgars, 58, 87, 139-40, 150, 548
- Bull, papal, 503-04, 568
- Bullion, from Spanish colonies, 632
- Bureaucracy, 73
- Burgos, 366
- Burgrave, 540
- Burgundians, 79, 81; Kingdom of the, 82, 84, 88-90, chap. vii; party of
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