| I.— | Barn, Cliff, Bank, and Tree Swallows ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | Frontispiece
|
| II.— | Pied-billed Grebe ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 2
|
| III.— | Loon ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 6
|
| IV.— | Herring Gull; Petrels ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 10
|
| V. — | Wood Duck; Pintails; Mallards; Green-winged Teal; Blue-winged Teal; Canada Geese ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 14
|
| VI.— | Little Green Heron; Black-crowned Night Heron; Great Blue Heron ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 18
|
| VII.— | American Bittern; Sora ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 22
|
| VIII.— | American Coot; Clapper Rail ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 26
|
| IX.— | Wilson's Snipe ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 30
|
| X. — | Common Tern; Semipalmated Sandpiper; Semipalmated Plover ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 34
|
| XI.— | Spotted Sandpiper; Killdeer ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 38
|
| XII.— | Ruffed Grouse ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 42
|
| XIII.— | Mourning Dove ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 46
|
| XIV.— | Red-shouldered Hawk ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 50
|
| XV.— | Marsh Hawk ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 52
|
| XVI.— | Sparrow Hawk ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 54
|
| XVII.— | Sharp-shinned Hawk ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 56
|
| XVIII.— | American Osprey ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 58
|
| XIX.— | Short-eared Owl ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 60
|
| XX.— | Screech Owl ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 62
|
| XXI.— | Barred Owl ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 64
|
| XXII.— | Yellow-billed Cuckoo ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 66
|
| XXIII.— | Belted Kingfisher ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 68
|
| XXIV.— | Downy Woodpecker ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 70
|
| XXV.— | Red-headed Woodpecker ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 84
|
| XXVI.— | Flicker ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 86
|
| XXVII.— | Nighthawk; Whip-poor-will ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ | 88
|
FACING
PLATE PAGE
XXVIII.— Chimney Swift 90
XXIX.— Ruby-throated Hummingbird 92
XXX.— Kingbird 94
XXXI.— Crested Flycatcher 96
XXXII.— Phctbe 98
XXXIII.— Wood Pewee 100
XXXIV.-IIorned Lark 102
XXXV.— Baltimore Oriole 104
XXXVI.— Orchard Oriole 106
XXXVII.— Purple Grackle 108
XXXVIII.— Bobolink 110
XXXIX.— Meadowlark 112
XL.— Cowbird 114
XLI. — Song Sparrow 116
XLII. — Swamp Sparrow 118
XLIIL— Field Sparrow 120
XLI v.— Vesper Sparrow 122
XLV. — Chipping Sparrow 124
XLVI. — White-throated Sparrow 126
XLVII.— Fox Sparrow 128
XLVIII.— Junco 130
XLIX.— Tree Sparrow 132
L.— Redpoll; Snowflake 134
LI. — American Crossbill ; Pine Grosbeak .... 186
LIT. — American Goldfinch 138
LIIL— Purple Finch 140
LIV. — Rose-breasted Grosbeak 142
LV.— Towhee 144
LVI.— Dickeissel 146
LVIL— Cedar Waxwing 148
LVIIL— Northern Shrike 150
LIX. — Red-eyed Vireo ; Yellow-throated Vireo . . . 152
LX.— Black and White Warbler 154
LXI.— Myrtle Warbler ; Black-throated Green Warbler . 156
LXII.— Redstart 158
LXIII.— Oven-bird 160
LXIV.— Maryland Yellow-throat 162
LXV.— Yellow-breasted Chat 164
LXVI.— Mockingbird 166
LXVII.— Brown Thrasher 168
LXVIII.— House Wren 170
LXIX.— Long-billed Marsh Wren . . . . . .172
LXX. — Brown Creeper ; Chickadee 174 PLATE
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. ^V
FACING
PAGE
LXXL— Red-breasted Nuthatch ; White-breasted Nuthatch 176
LXXII. — Golden-crowned Kinglet ; Ruby-crowned Kinglet . 178
LXXIIL— Veery 180
LXXIV.— Wood Thrush 182
LXXV.— Hermit Thrush 184
Figures in the Text.
FIG. PAGE
1. Restoration of the Archteopteryx, a toothed, reptilelike bird
of the Jurassic period 3
2. End of spearlike tongue of Pileated Woodpecker . . .14
3. Tip of tail of (a) Downy Woodpecker, (6) Brown Creeper, to
show the pointed shape in tails of creeping birds of different
families 16
4. Young Hoatzin, showing use of hooked fingers in climbing . 17
5. Short, rounded wing and large foot of Little Black Rail, a ter-
restrial bird 18
6. Long, pointed wing and small foot of Tree Swallow, an aerial
bird 18
7. Frigate-bird 19
8. Great Auk, showing relatively small wing . . . .31
9. Wing of Woodcock, showing three outer attenuate feathers . 24
10. Jacana, showing spurred wing and elongated toes . . .24
11. Tail-feathers of Motmot {Momotussubrufescens showing newly
grown feathers and results of self-inflicted mutilation . 26
12. Lobed foot of Coot {Fulica americana), a swimming bird of
the Rail family 27
13. Lobed foot of a Phalarope {CrymopMlus fulicarins), a swim-
ming bird of the Snipe family 27
14. Flamingo, showing relative length of legs and neck in a wad-
ing bird 28
15. Foot of Fish Hawk, showing large claws and spicules on under
surface of toes 29
16. Naked toes of Ruffed Grouse in summer ; fringed toes of Ruffed
Grouse in winter 29
17. Decurved bill of Sickle-bill Hummingbird , . . .31
18. Serrate bill of Merganser, a fish-eating bird . . . ,32
19. Probelike bill of Woodcock, showing extent to which upper
mandible can be moved 32
20. Recurved bill of Avocet 32
21. Bill of Spoonbill Sandpiper 33 xvi LIST OP ILLUSTRATIONS.
PIG. PAGE
22. Curved bill of female, straight bill of male Huia-bird . . 33
23. Feathers from back of Snowflake, showing seasonal changes in
form and color due to wearing off of tips . . . .38
24. Eggs of (a) Spotted Sandpiper and (h) Catbird, to show differ-
ence in size of eggs of praecocial and altricial birds of same
size 68
25. Topography of a bird 74
