Latin for beginners (1911)/Part III/Lesson LXXIII

by Benjamin Leonard D'Ooge

Layout 2

LESSON LXXIII

VOCABULARY REVIEW • THE IRREGULAR VERB FERŌ
THE DATIVE WITH COMPOUNDS

423. Review the word lists in §§ 513, 514.

424. Learn the principal parts and conjugation of the verb ferō, bear (§ 498).

1. Learn the principal parts and meanings of the following compounds of ferō, bear:

ad´ferō, adfer´re, at´tulī, adlā´tus, bring to; report

cōn´ferō, cōnfer´re, con´tulī, conlā´tus, bring together, collect

dē´ferō, dēfer´re, dē´tulī, dēlā´tus, bring to; report; grant, confer

īn´ferō, īnfer´re, in´tulī, inlā´tus, bring in, bring against

re´ferō, refer´re, ret´tulī, relā´tus, bear back, report

425. The dative is the case of the indirect object. Many intransitive verbs take an indirect object and are therefore used with the dative (cf. § 153). Transitive verbs take a direct object in the accusative; but sometimes they have an indirect object or dative as well. The whole question, then, as to whether or not a verb takes the dative, defends upon its capacity for governing an indirect object. A number of verbs, some transitive and some intransitive, which in their simple form would not take an indirect object, when compounded with certain prepositions, have a meaning which calls for an indirect object. Observe the following sentences:

1. Haec rēs exercituī magnam calamitātem attulit, this circumstance brought great disaster to the army.

2. Germānī Gallīs bellum īnferunt, the Germans make war upon the Gauls.

3. Hae cōpiae proeliō nōn intererant, these troops did not take part in the battle.

4. Equitēs fugientibus hostibus occurrunt, the horsemen meet the fleeing enemy.

5. Galba cōpiīs fīlium praefēcit, Galba put his son in command of the troops.

I.each sentence there is a dative, and in each a verb combined with a preposition. In no case would the simple verb take the dative.

426. Rule. Dative with Compounds. Some verbs compounded with ad, ante, con, dē, in, inter, ob, post, prae, prō, sub, super, admit the dative of the indirect object. Transitive compounds may take both an accusative and a dative.

Note 1. Among such verbs are^[1]

ad´ferō, adfer´re, at´tulī, adlā´tus, bring to; report

ad´sum, ades´se, ad´fuī, adfutū´rus, assist; be present

dē´ferō, dēfer´re, dē´tulī, dēlātus, report; grant, confer

dē´sum, dees´se, dē´fuī, ——, be wanting, be lacking

īn´ferō, īnfer´re, in´tulī, inlā´tus, bring against, bring upon

inter´sum, interes´se, inter´fuī, interfutū´rus, take part in

occur´rō, occur´rere, occur´rī, occur´sus, run against, meet

praefi´ciō, praefi´cere, praefē´cī, praefec´tus, appoint over, place in command of

prae´sum, praees´se, prae´fuī, ——, be over, be in command

427.

IDIOMS

graviter or molestē ferre, to be annoyed at, to be indignant at, followed by the accusative and infinitive

sē cōnferre ad or in, with the accusative, to betake one’s self to

alicui bellum īnferre, to make war upon some one

pedem referre, to retreat (lit. to bear back the foot)

428.

EXERCISES

I.

1. Fer, ferent, ut ferant, ferunt.
2. Ferte, ut ferrent, tulisse, tulerant.
3. Tulimus, ferēns, lātus esse, ferre.
4. Cum nāvigia insulae adpropinquārent, barbarī terrōre commōtī pedem referre cōnātī sunt.
5. Gallī molestē ferēbant Rōmānōs agrōs vastāre.
6. Caesar sociīs imperāvit nē fīnitimis suīs bellum īnferrent.
7. Explorātōrēs, qui Caesarī occurrērunt, dīxērunt exercitum hostium vulneribus dēfessum sēsē in alium locum contulisse.
8. Hostes sciēbant Rōmānōs frūmentō egēre et hanc rem Caesarī summum perīculum adlātūram esse.
9. Impedīmentīs in ūnum locum conlātis, aliquī mīlitum flūmen quod nōn longē aberat trānsiērunt.
10. Hōs rēx hortātus est ut ōrāculum adīrent et rēs audītās ad sē referrent.
11. Quem imperātor illī legiōnī praefēcit? Pūblius illī legiōnī pracerat.
12. Cum esset Caesar in citeriōre Galliā, crēbrī ad eum^[2] rūmōrēs adferēbantur litterīsque quoque certior fīēbat Gallōs obsidēs inter sē dare.

II.

1. The Gauls will make war upon Cæsar’s allies.
2. We heard that the Gauls would make war upon Cæsar’s allies.
3. Publius did not take part in that battle.
4. We have been informed that Publius did not take part in that battle.
5. The man who was in command of the cavalry was wounded and began to retreat.
6. Cæsar did not place you in command of the cohort to bring^[3] disaster upon the army.

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References

1. But the accusative with ad or in is used with some of these, when the idea of motion to or against is strong.
2. Observe that when adferō denotes motion to, it is not followed by the dative; cf. footnote, p. 182.
3. Not the infinitive. (Cf. § 352.)