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Introduction.
- Introducing an explanatory sentence: kedashi, tadashi, tsuketari.
- Introducing another, or reverting to a former, subject: sate, somo-somo, shikareba, sareba, sate-mata.
- Denoting the reason, or cause, answering to,—for, because: naze-naraba, ikan to nareba, ikanareba, kara, aida, and the conjunctive form of the verb.
- Denoting purpose or object: tame ni, yo ni, tote.
- Denoting concession: tatoi, keredomo, tomo, iedomo, saredomo, shikaredomo, totemo, and the concessive form of the verb.
- Denoting condition: moshi, naraba, nara, and the conditional form of the verb.
- Denoting time, answering to,—as long as, whilst: uchi, toki, aida, hodo, ni.
- Denoting apposition: sunawachi, tori-mo-naosazu.
- Denoting consequence: sokode, shite, sōshite, shikaru ni.
