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APPENDIX 559 the series of coins of the later Eoman Emperors from Anastasius I. to the fall of the Empire. It is furnished with an excellent historical Introduction. For Jus- tinian : M. Pinder and J. Friedlander, Die Miinzen Justinians, 1843. For the Ostrogothic kingdom : J. Friedlander, Die Miinzen der Ostgothen, 1844. Modern Works. (Compare above, vol. iii., Appendix 1, p. 519-20.) T. Hodgkin, Italy and her Invaders, vols. iii. and iv., ed. 2. Ch. Diehl, Justinien et la civilisation byzantine au vie siecle, 1901. W. G. Holmes, The Age of Justinian and Theodora, 2 vols., 1905-1907 (includes the reigns of Anastasius I. and Justin I.). F. Martroye, L'Occident a l'epoque byzantine : Goths et Vandales, 1904 (includes the reign of Theodoric, the declining years of the Vandal kingdom, and the Imperial restoration I. L. M. Hartmann, Geschichte Italiens im Mittelalter, vol. i. (Das italienische Koni- greich), 1897. Ch. Diehl, L'Afrique byzantine, 1896. For the Ostrosoths from a.d. 454 to the conquest of Italy by Theodoric : L. Schmidt, Geschichte der deutschen Stamme, i. 125 sqq. (see above, vol. iii. p. 519), and for the Visigoths, under Euric and Alaric II., the same work, 259 sqq. [For the movements of the barbarians, from the ethnological and anthropological side, W. M. F. Petrie's Migrations (Journal of Anthropological Institute, vol. xxxvi., the Huxley Lecture for 1906) should have been referred to above in vol. iii., Appendix 1.] For relations with Persia : Rawlinson, The Seventh great Oriental Monarchy, 1876 ; K. Giiterbock, Byzanz und Persien in ihrem diplomatisch-volkerrechtlichen Beziehungen im Zeitalter Justinians, 1906. (Compare also J. Labourt, Le Christ- ianisme dans l'empire perse sous la dynastie sa6sanide (224-632), ed. 2, 1904.) V. Chapot, La frontiere de l'Euphrate de Pompee a la conquete arabe, 1907. Speoial monographs, &c. : A. Bose, Anastasius I. , 1882 ; E . Merten, De Bello Persico ab Anastasio gesto, in Commentationes philol. Jenenses, VII., fasc. II., 141 sqq., 1905 ; Lord Mahon (afterwards Earl Stanhope), Life of Belisarius, ed. 2, 1848 ; T. Hodgkin, Theodoric the Ostrogoth, 1891 ; G. Pfeilschifter, Der Ostgotenkonig Theoderich der Grosse und die katholische Kirche (Minister), 1896 ; J. Bryce, art. on Justinian in the Dictionary of Christian Biography ; L. M. Hartmann, art. on Belisarius in Pauly-Wissowa, Realencyklopadie ; A. Debidour, L'imperatrice Theodora, 1885 ; P. Jors, Die Keichspolitik Kaiser Justinians, 1893 ; H. Leuthold, Untersuchungen zur ostgotischen Geschichte der Jahre 535-537, 1908. On the military establishment of the Empire in Justinian's reign, see H. Delbriick, Geschichte der Kriegskunst, ii. 2, 1902 ; C. Benjamin, De Iustiniani imp. aetate quaestiones militares, 1892 ; O. Seeck, article on Bucellarii, in Pauly-Wissowa, Realencyklopadie ; V. Chapot, op. cit., 112 sqq. For Gaul (in addition to monographs cited above under Gregory of Tours) : Lavisse, Histoire de France, vol. ii. 1, 1903. For Britain : J. R. Green, Making of England, 4th ed., vol. i., 1897 ; W. H. Stevenson, Dr. Guest and the English Conquest of Britain, in English Historical Review, Oct. 1902 ; H. M. Chadwick, The Origin of the English Nation, 1907. Law (c. xliv.). Of older histories (19th century) of Roman law, it is enough to mention Savigny, Geschichte des romischen Recbts im Mittelalter, ed. 2, 7 vols., 1834-51 ; and Walther, Geschichte des romischen Rechts bis auf Justinian, 1840. Among numerous German treatises of more recent date may be singled out : O. Karl- owa, Romische Rechtsgeschichte, vol. i. Staatsrecht und Rechtsquellen, 1885 ; vol. ii. Privatrecht und Strafrecht, 1901 ; C. Salkowski, Lehrbuch der Institutionen und der Geschichte des romischen Privatrechts, 1883; R. Sohm, Institutionen des romischen Rechts, ed. 5, 1891 (English translation, 1892) ; Mommsen, Romisches Strafrecht, 1899; A. von Bethmann-Hollweg, Der romische Civilprozess, 3 vols., 1864-6. Of French manuals, besides the work of Accarias referred to in many of the editorial notes on chap, xliv., may be mentioned F. Girard, Manuel el^mentaire de droit romain, ed. 2, 1898. Of the English literature, may be specially recommended : J. Muirhead, Historical Introduction to the Private Law of Rome, 2nd ed. by Goudy, 1899 ; H. J. Roby, Roman Private Law in the times of Cicero and the Antonines, 2 vols., 1902 ; and the same scholar's Introduction to the study of Justinian's Digest, 1884. The sources for Roman law are treated in : Kriiger, Geschichte der Quellen und Litteratur des romischen Rechts, 1888 ; Kipp, Geschichte der Quellen des romischen Rechts, ed. 2, 1903 ; Costa, Storia delle fonti del diritto Romano, 1909.