I, 9. Tosef. Maas. Sh. I, 14 וכ׳ כפרי הן הרי כ׳ Kofniyoth are
in every respect to be considered as fruits, except &c.; a. fr.
כפניתא, כופ׳, כפני, כופני, ch. same. Y. B. Kam. vI, 5b ppot. כפוני חדא גנב (corr. acc.) stole one palm fower (cmp. Bab. ib. 59b. v. כופראII). - Pl. כפנייתא, כופ׳. Bekh. 18a; B. Bath. 107b וכ׳ כ׳ דאכלת עד while thou wert yet eating date-berries in Babylonia, did we expound &c. Pes. 52b (identified with כופרי). - Y. Shebi. IX, end, 39a [read] לאשקלון כופניין מייבלא to export date-berries to A. (in the Sabbatical year).
כפס (cmp. כפת) to tie, fasten. - Part. pass. כפיס, f. כפיסא, pl. כפיסן. Targ. EEsth. I, 6.
*כפע (v. כפה), Hif. הכפיע to upset, make havoc. Gen. R. s. 28 מכפיע Ar. (ed. מפקיע), v. היצא.
כפע ch. Ithpe. אתכפע, Targ. II Chr. XXXIII, 13, v. נפע.
כפף (b. h.) 1) to bend, curve. Gen. R. s. 87, end כופפת כפופים. . . קומתך את אני (Potiphar's wife said to Joseph) lI shall bend thy proud stature (humiliate thee with slave labor); said he, The Lord erects those who are bowed down. B. Kam. 55b וכ׳ בפני . . . הכופף he who bends his neighbor's grain stalks before the fire (so as to make them catch fire). Num. R. s. 6, beg. וכ׳ ידיו כופף נביא the prophet must bend his hands and feet to sit before (sur- render his power to) the high priest; (Y. Hor. III, 48b bot. מכפת). Cant. R. beg. וכ׳ אזניך לכוף to bend thy ear and listen; a. fr. -- Part. pass. כפוף, f. כפופה, pl. כפופים, כפופין; כפופות. Sab b. 17a וכ׳ ויושב כ׳ הלל היה Hillel sat bent (in submission) before Shammai. Gen. R. l. c., v. supra. R. Hash. III, 4 כ׳ זכרים בשל with bent horns of rams. Yalk. Ex. 276 וכ׳ דווים sufering and humbled (v. סגף, סהף); a. fr. -- Esp. the curved letters כ, , ל, N, opp. פשוט the straight-lined, tthe shape of the final letters. Sabb. 104a (symbolization of letters) וכ׳ כ׳ לאמן. . . כ׳ נו״ן Nun bent, Nun straightened, faithful when bent (in distress), faith- ful when straightened (raised up) &c. Ib. 103b וכ׳ כ׳פשוטין that one must notwrite the curved letters straightened &c. -- 2)to bend, fforce, conguer. Y. Snh.I, 18a bot. ודן שכ׳ מומחה an authorized judge that forced (the law requiring three judges) and judged singly. Y. Yeb. XII, 12c כ׳ יצחק ר׳ B. J. forced (the law requiring three judges for hailitsah); ib. כ׳ רבן הא it was our teacher who did it. Keth. 4b אין וכ׳ לכוף . . . no husband dares force his wife (in mourn- ing) to paint &c. Num. R. . I4 (play on כף) שכף אברהם וה וכ׳ יצרו את (some ed. שכפף) that refers to Abraham who conquered his inclinations &c. -- 3) to invert, upset. Y. Ber. III, 6a top לכופפה גרמתני thou didst cause me to upset it (the divine image), v. כפה; (M. Kat. 15bהפכתיה ובעונותיכם). Y. l. c. כפופות כפויות=מטות, v. כפה; a. fr. -- [Num. R. s. 10 אימו כפפתו, read כפתתו, v. כפת. -- Sabb. 106a כפוף הסיט Ar., ed. כפול, v. סיט.)-- 4) to bend one's self upon, to take pains (cmp. כפל). Cant. R. to I, 17 וכ׳ לעקור כפפתי Itook pains to destroy the passion for idolatry. Nif. נכפף to be bent. Pesik. R. s. 28 [read;] שנכפפה עד וכ׳ קומתם so that their statures were bent under their load. Arakh. 19a נכפף שאיננו שרביט a staffttof gold or silver) which cannot be bent. Num. R. s. 5, end היריעה נכפפה וכ׳ the curtain around the Ark was bent aside (prob. to be read נכפלה). B. Kam. 61aבנכפפת when the fire is divert- ed from its course through the wind; (oth. opin.; when the fire is subdued (low) and creeping over the plants on the ground), opp. קולחת or קודחת. Cant. R. to I, 17. Pesik. R. s. 14 נכפפות השערות שתי (not פים. ..) the two hairs (on the neck) are bent, opp. נזקפות; a. e.
כפף, כפיף, ch. same, 1) to bend. Targ. Job XL. 17, v. כפן I. Targ. Ez. XVII, 7 כפת (h. text כפנה, v. כפן). Targ. II Esth. I, 5 וכ׳ אילנא כף bent tree to tree and made arches. Targ. Is. LVIII, 5; a. e. -- Part. pass. כפיף, f. כפיפא, pl. כפיפין. Ib. -- Targ. II Esth. V, 1. Targ. Is. LX, 14. --- 2) to invert. M. Kat. 25a וכ׳ כדא כף inverted a pitcher on the ground and placed thereon &c. Pa. כפף same. Targ. Ezek. XVII, 6. Ib, 7 כפת some ed., v. supra.
כפפתא f ch.=h. כפיפה, mizzle, basket. - Pl. כפפתא. Midr. Sam. ch. XXI, v. כיפתא.
כפר (b. h.; cmp. כפף) 1) to bend, arch over, cover; v. כפור, כופר &c. -- 2) [to pass over with one's palm &c., to wipe out, rub (cmp. חפף),] to deny, withhold the truth by claiming ignorance; to ignore (mostly with ב of the object). B. Mets. 4a במלוה הכופר he who denied having received a loan (and was refuted before being sworn, v. היסת). Ib. וכ׳ שכ׳ מה על he is sworn on what he denied. Shebu. IV, 1 בב״ד בהן שיכפרו עד until they declare their ignorance (of the testimony) before court. Ib. 4שניה בפרו וכ׳ if both witnesses pleaded ignorance at the same time. Ib. הראשונה כפרה if the first set of witnesses pleaded ig- norance. Ib. VI, 3 בקרקעות וכ׳ . . . והודה and defendant admits the debt concerning vessels, but denies it as to landed estate. Sabb. 116a וכופרין מכירין they know (true religion) and yet are disbelievers. Cant. R. to I, 14 (play on הכפר, ib.) באו״ה שכ׳ He disowned the gentiles (did not assist them), opp. הודה; a. v. fr. -בעיקרר־ כ׳ to deny the prin- ciple of religion (unity of God &c.). B. Bath. 16b; a. fr. -- Snh. 39a כופר א״ל ed. (Ms. M. קיסר) an infidel said &c. Hif. הכשיר (v. כפרה) to say of a person, 'day his death be an atonement for his sins' euphem. for to be angry at. Pes. 69a הדין בשעת תכפירני אל ed. (Ms. M. a. Ar. זתכפדני do not make me an atonement (saying כפרה מיתתו תהא) at the time ofjudgment (differ. in comm.); Ab. Zar. 46b(some eds. תכפריני). Pi. כישר, כפר [to wipe out,] to forgive, atone; to pro- cure forgiveness. Yoma 5a וכפר כ׳ לא כאילו as if he (the priest)had ot procured atonement(in the proper manner), although he has procured atonement (for the person con- cerned); Neg. XIV, 10 כ׳ לא כאילו עליו ומעלין כ׳ he has brought atonement, but it is accounted to the officiat- ing priest as if he had not done so. Ber. 55a. . . . זמן כל וכ׳ על מכפר מזבח as long as the Temple existed, the altar was the means of atonement for srael, but now each man'sttable must be themeans ofatonement (refto EXLI, 22). Tanh. Vayishl. 6 וכ׳ מכשרת. .. כשם as the altar brings atonement, so does she (the chaste wife) atone for her household. Kidd. 57a, a. e. ומכפר מכשיר, v. כשר I; a. v. fr. -- [Ab. Zar. 46b, v. supra].
