פטפטא, v. אטטא.
פטפטין v. פטפוט.
פטקא, v. פיטקא.
פטר (b. h.) 1) to break through, open. Bekh.VIII, 11(46a) (ref. to Ex. XIII, 2) מישראל רחם שיפטרו עו (not שיפטרוה) provided they open the womb when the motherr is ansrae- lite (although she conceived beforeherconversion);iib.7a. - 2)to send of, discharge, dismiss. Keth. XIII, 5, a. fr. כנוס או פטור או (the betrothed has a right to say) either marry or release (me by divorce). Gitt. VI, 5 כלום אמר לא . .. פטרוה if one says to friends, release her .. he has said nothing (they are not authorized to write a letter of divorce, as it might mean, release her ofher debts &c.);ib. 65bאומ נתן ר׳ כלום אמר לא פיטרוה קיימין דבריו פטרוה R. N. says, if he said patt'ruha (Pi.), his words stand (a divorce is meant), but iff he says pitruha (Ral) &c. Ib. בין . . . דבבלאה נתן ר׳ וכ׳ לפטרוה פיטרוה R. N. who is a Babylonian, draws a distinction between pitruha and patt'ruha; our Tannai (in the Mishnah) being a Palestinian does not &c. Ib. VIII, 4. ישן בגם . . . פוטר a man may divorce his wife with an old letter of divorce (having been closeted with her after he had written it); Tosef. ib. VIII (VI), 3 אינו וכ׳ פוטר he must not divorce with an old letter, in order that the letter of divorce may not date farther back than (the conception of) her child; a. fr. - 3) to dismiss, give leave, let go. Sot. IX, 6 מזון בלא ופטרנוהו and we let him (the stranger) go without provision. Midr. Till. to Ps. XCI הנפטר או הפוטר גדול מי which is the superior of the ttwo? he who gives leave, or he who takes leave? Ib. (ref. to Gen. XXXII, 27) למלאך פוטר יעקב הדי behold, Jacob gives leave to the angel; a. fr. -4) (law) to discharge, acguit; (ritual) to exempt fromm obligation, to declare free from punishment, eventually from sacrificial atonement, opp. חייב. Erub. 65a וכ׳ לפטור אני יכול Ican (by my plea) release from judgment the whole world (all Israelites) from the destruction of the Temple to the present time, for we read (ls. Ll, 21), Hear now this, thou afficted and drunken &c. (a drunke person is irresponsible); ib. ממאי תפלה מדין נמי לפטור יכולני this l can release' means also from responsibility for nelect of prayer (the drunken not being permitted to pray). Succ. 45b. Sabb. II, 5 ר׳ וכ׳ בכלן פוטר יוסי R. J. declares (him that did it) free from punishment or eventual sacrifice in all those cases, except &c. Ker. IV, 2 פוטר יהושע ו׳ R. J. absolves him from bringing a sin-offering, opp. חטאת מחייב. Snh. V, 5 פטרוהו זכות לו מצאו אם if they found evidence in his favor, they (the court) acquitted him; a. v. fr. -Trnsf. to cause exemption; to cover, include. Ber. VI, 5 את פפ. . . היין על ברך וכ היין ifhe recited the blessing over wine before the meal, he has therewith exempted the wine oftered after the meal (from an additional blessing). Ib. 7 העיקר על מברך הטפלה את ופוטר he says the blessing over the chief dish, and with this he covers that which goes with it (v. טפלה). Yeb. I, 1צרותיה פוטרות . .. חמש fifteen women (of various kinship with the yabam, by which he is prevented from marrying any of them) cover their rivals (making them free from dependence on the yabam for marriage or discharge); a. fr. -Part. pass. פטוו; f פטורה; pl. פטורים, פטורין; פטורות (is, are) axempt, free, opp. חייב. Peah I, 6 וכ׳ מןהמעשרות ופ and he need not give the tithes, until &c. B. Mets. VIII, 1פ (sub. מלשלם) he is free from indemnity. Ib. VII, 10 משבועה פ׳ להיות .. מתנה may have an agree- ment to be eventually exempt from making oath; להיות מלשלם פ׳ to be exempt from responsibility. Kidd. I, 7 פ׳ ונשים . האב על הבן מצות כל to all paternal duties men are bound, but women (mothers) are exempt from them. Yeb. I, 2 פ׳ צרתה כך פ׳ שבתו כשם as well as his (the yabam's) daughter is exempt (from the law of levirate marriage, because the yabam cannot marry her), so her rival is exempt; a. v. fr. Pi. פישר to dismiss; to divorce. Gitt. 65b, v. supra. Kidd. 31b פטרוני dismiss (escort) me; a. e. Nif. נפטר, Hithpa. התפרר 1)to be exempted, freed. Bekh. II, 1 וכ׳ מבכור נפטרו לא they (the Levites) have not been exempted from consecrating the firstborn of cleann animals, but only from redeeming their firstborn sons and the first- born of asses; a. e. -- 2) to be dismissed, take leave, depart. Yoma , 5 להם והלעו נפטרו they took leave and went. Sot. IX, 5. Ber. 64a וכ׳ מחבירו הנ׳ he who leaves his friend (after escorting him a distance) must not say, go in peace', but, go to peace'; וכ׳ המת מן ה׳ he who takes leave of the dead (after burial) &c. Ib. 31a; Erub. 64a וכ׳ אדם יפטר לא one must not leave a friend otherwise than with a word of tradition (on legal or religious subjects), by which he may remember him; a. fr. - Esp. to departt this world, to die. Ber. 17a העולם מן טוב בשם ונ׳ טוב בשם גדל who grew (lived) with a good name, and left the world with a good name. Tem. 16a עדן לגן רבינו משה ש׳ בשעה wwhen Moses our teacher was to depart for paradise. Gen. R. s. 96; a. ffr. - Yalk. Koh. 989 וכ׳ מתפטרים .. בשעה when the children are dismissed from school. Hif. הפטיר 1) to discard; בשפה ח׳ to discard with the lip, to spurn. Pesik. R. s. 37 בשפתותיהם מחרקי..נומפטירים gnashed their teeth ... and spurned with their lips (ref. to Ps. XXII, 8). Treat. Der. Er. ch.III שפה מפטירין)זמפטירי בשפה). -- 2) to dismiss, abourn a meeting. Y. Ber. IV, 7a top העם את הפטרdismiss the people (adjourn the meeting). M. Kat. 5b, v. בכה. Hull. 51a כנסיות מפטיוone who dismisses the assemblies, janitor, v. בנסתe --Pes. X, 8, v. אפיקומן; a. e. -3)[to recite before dismmissal,] to conclude the reading from the Law by reading a portion of the Prophets, to read the Haarah (v. הפפטרה). Meg. IV, 1 ואין . . . בשני בנביא מפטירין on Mondays,Thursdays and Saturday after- noons three persons read fromm the Law ., and we do not close with a lesson from the Prophets. Ib. 5 המפטיר וכ׳ הוא בנביא he who concludes with the prophetic lesson (being the last of those called up) has the privilege of &c.,. v. פרס; a. fr.
פטרch. same, to free, dismiss, let go; to divorce. Targ. Gen. XbLIII, 14. Targ. Y. Num. V, 2, sq. Targ. O. Deut. XXIV, 1; a. fr. - Bekh. 4a בהמה פטר אדם אדם פטרי אאינהו פטרי בהמה they (the Levites) released (the firstborn Israelites) by substituting man for man, but the firstborn beasts were redeemed through their beasts. --V. פטיר. Pa. פטר same, esp. to divorce. Targ. Koh. VII, 26 יפטיר 146
