males and females, etc.” (Fritzsche), Ro. xiii. 13. (In bibl. Grk. besides only in Sap. xiv. 26 and 3 Macc. ii. 26. Among Grk. writ. used by Plat., Isocr. et sqq.; at length by Plut. [Lucull. 38] and Lcian. [dial. meretr. 6] of the wantonness of women [Lob. ad Phryn. p. 184 n.].) Cf. Tittmann i. p. 151 sq.; [esp. Trench § xvi.].*
ἄσημος, -ον, (σῆμα a mark), unmarked or unstamped (money); unknown, of no mark, insignificant, ignoble: Acts xxi. 39. (3 Macc. i. 3; in Grk. writ. fr. Hdt. down; trop. fr. Eur. down.)*
Ἀσήρ, ὁ, an indecl. Hebr. prop. name, (אָשֵׁר [i. e. happy, Gen. xxx. 13]), (in Joseph. Ἄonpos, -ου, ὁ), Asher, the eighth son of the patriarch Jacob: Lk. ii. 36; Rev. vii. 6.*
ἀσθένεια, -ας, ἡ, (ἀσθενής), [fr. Hdt. down], want of strength, weakness, infirmity; a. of Body; α. its native weakness and frailty: 1 Co. xv. 43; 2 Co. xiii. 4. β. feebleness of health; sickness: Jn. v. 5; xi. 4; Lk. xiii. 11, 12; Gal. iv. 13 (ἀσθένεια τῆς σαρκός); Heb. xi. 34; in plur.: Mt. viii. 17; Lk. v. 15; viii. 2; Acts xxviii. 9; 1 Tim. v. 23. b. of Soul; want of the strength and capacity requisite α. to understand a thing: Ro. vi. 19 (where ἀσθ. σαρκός denotes the weakness of human nature). β. to do things great and glorious, as want of human wisdom, of skill in speaking, in the management of men: 1 Co. ii. 3. γ. to restrain corrupt desires; proclivity to sin: Heb. v. 2; vii. 28; plur. the various kinds of this proclivity, Heb. iv. 15. δ. to bear trials and troubles: Ro. viii. 26 (where read τῇ ἀσθενείᾳ for Rec. ταῖς ἀσθενείαις); 2 Co. xi. 30; xii. 9; plur. the mental [?] states in which this weakness manifests itself: 2 Co. xii. 5, 9 sq.*
ἀσθενέω, -ῶ; impf. ἠσθένουν; pf. ἠσθένηκα (2 Co. xi. 21 L Τ Tr WH); 1 aor. ἠσθένησα; (ἀσθενής); [fr. Eur. down]; to be weak, feeble; univ. to be without strength, powerless: Ro. viii. 3; rhetorically, of one who purposely abstains from the use of his strength, 2 Co. xiii. 4; and of one who has no occasion to prove his strength, 2 Co. xiii. 9; contextually, to be unable to wield and hold sway over others, 2 Co. xi. 21; by oxymoron, ὅταν ἀσθενῶ, τότε δυνατύς εἰμι when I am weak in human strength, then am I strong in strength divine, 2 Co. xii. 10; εἴς τινα, to be weak towards one, 2 Co. xiii. 3; with a dat. of the respect added: πίστει, to be weak in faith, Ro. iv. 19; πίστει, to be doubtful about things lawful and unlawful to a Christian, Ro. xiv. 1; simple ἀσθενεῖν with the same idea suggested, Ro. xiv. 2, 21 [Τ WH om. Tr mrg. br.]; 1 Co. viii. 9 Rec., 11 sq.; τίς ἀσθενεῖ, καὶ οὐκ ἀσθενῶ; who is weak (in his feelings and conviction about things lawful), and Ι am not filled with a compassionate sense of the same weakness? 2 Co. xi. 29. contextually, to be weak in means, needy, poor: Acts xx. 35 (so [Arstph. pax 636]; Eur. in Stob. 145 vol. ii. 168 ed. Gaisf.), cf. De Wette [more fully Hackett, per contra Meyer] ad loc. Specially of debility in health: with νόσοις added, Lk. iv. 40; simply, to be feeble, sick: Lk. vii. 10 [R G Tr mrg. br.]; Mt. xxv. 36, 39 L txt. T Tr WH; Jn. iv. 46; xi. 1-3, 6; Acts ix. 37; Phil. ii. 26 sq.; 2 Tim. iv. 20; Jas. v. 14; οἱ ἀσθενοῦντες, and ἀσθενοῦντες, the sick, sick folks: Mt. x. 8; Mk. vi. 56; Lk. ix. 2 Rec.; Jn. v. 3, 7, 13 Tdf.; vi. 2; Acts xix. 12.*
ἀσθένημα; -ατος, τό, (ἀσθενέω, infirmity: Ro. xv. 1 (where used of error arising from weakness of mind). [In a physical sense in Aristot. hist. an. 11, 7 νοl. i. 638a, 37; gen. an. 1, 18 ibid. p. 726a 15.]*
ἀσθενής, -ές, (τὸ σθένος strength), weak, infirm, feeble; (fr. Pind. down]; a. univ.: Mt. xxvi. 41; Mk. xiv. 38; 1 Pet. iii. 7; τὸ ἀσθενὲς τοῦ θεοῦ, the act of God in which weakness seems to appear, viz. that the suffering of the cross should be borne by the Messiah, 1 Co. i. 25. b. spec.: contextually, unable to achieve anything great, 1 Co. iv. 10; destitute of power among men, 1 Co. i. 27 [Lchm. br.]; weaker and inferior, μέλος, 1 Co. xii. 22; sluggish in doing right, Ro. v. 6; wanting in manliness and dignity, 2 Co. x. 10; used of the religious systems anterior to Christ, as having no power to promote piety and salvation, Gal. iv. 9; Heb. vii. 18; wanting in decision about things lawful and unlawful (see ἀσθενέω), 1 Co. viii. 7, 9 L T Tr WH, 10; ix. 22; 1 Th. v. 14. c. of the body, feeble, sick: Mt. xxv. 39 R G L mrg., 43 sq.; Lk. ix. 2 L Tr br.; x. 9; Acts iv. 9; v. 15 sq.; 1 Co. xi. 30.*
Ἀσία, -ας, ἡ, Asia; 1. Asia proper, ἡ ἰδίως καλουμένη Ἀσία (Ptol. 5, 2), or proconsular Asia [often so called from the 16th cent. down; but correctly speaking it was a provincia consularis, although the ruler of it was vested with ‘proconsular power.’ The ‘Asia’ of the N. T. must not be confounded with the ‘Asia proconsularis’ of the 4th cent.], embracing Mysia, Lydia, Phrygia and Caria [cf. Cic. pro Flac. c. 27]: Acts vi. 9 [L om. Tr mrg. br.]; xvi. 6 sqq.; 1 Pet. i. 1; Rev. i. 4; and, apparently, Acts xix. 26; xx. 16; 2 Co. i. 8; 2 Tim. i. 15, etc. Cf. Win. RWB. s. v. Asien; Stark in Schenkel i. p. 261 sq.; [BB.DD. s. v. Asia; Conyb. and Howson, St. Paul, ch. viii.; Wieseler, Chron. d. apost. Zeit. p. 31 sqq.]. 2. A part of proconsular Asia, embracing Mysia, Lydia, and Caria, (Plin. h. n. 5, 27, (28) [al. 5, 100]): Acts ii. 9.
Ἀσιανός, -οῦ, ὁ, a native of Asia, Asian, Asiatic: Acts xx. 4. [(Thuc., al.)]*
Ἀσιάρχης, -ου, ὁ, an Asiarch, President of Asia: Acts xix. 31. Each of the cities of proconsular Asia, at the autumnal equinox, assembled its most honorable and opulent citizens, in order to select one to preside over the games to be exhibited that year, at his expense, in honor of the gods and the Roman emperor. Thereupon each city reported the name of the person selected to a general assembly held in some leading city, as Ephesus, Smyrna, Sardis. This general council, called τὸ κοινόν, selected ten out of the number of candidates, and sent them to the proconsul; and the proconsul, apparently, chose one of these ten to preside over the rest. This explains how it is that in Acts l. c. several Asiarchs are spoken of, while Eusebius h. e. 4, 15, 27 mentions one; [perhaps also the title outlasted the service]. Cf. Meyer on Acts l. c.; Win. RWB. s. v. Asiarchen; [BB.DD. s. v.; but esp. Le Bas et Waddington, Voyage Archéol. Inscrr. part. v. p. 244 sq.; Kuhn.
