but they were prevented from continuing by the interference of the Pharisees); Mt. xxvi. 22 (Jesus answered before all had finished), 74; Mk. ii. 23; iv. 1 (he had scarcely begun to teach, when a multitude gathered unto him); Mk. vi. 2; x. 41; Lk. v. 21; xii. 45 sq.; xiii. 25; Acts xi. 15 (cf. x. 44); xviii. 26, and often. d. the action itself, instead of its beginning, might indeed have been mentioned; but in order that the more attention may be given to occurrences which seem to the writer to be of special importance, their initial stage, their beginning, is expressly pointed out: Mk. xiv. 65; Lk. xiv. 18; Acts ii. 4, etc. e. ἄρχ. occurs in a sentence which has grown out of the blending of two statements: Mt. iv. 17; xvi. 21 (fr. ἀπὸ τότε ἐκήρυξε . . . ἔδειξε, and τότε ἤρξατο κηρύσσειν . . . δεικνύειν). The inf. is wanting when discoverable from the context: ἀρχόμενος, sc. to discharge the Messianic office, Lk. iii. 23 [W. 349 (328)]; ἀρξάμενος sc. λέγειν, Acts xi. 4. [Comp.: ἐν-(-μαι), προ-εν-(-μαι), ὑπ-, προ-ϋπ -άρχω.]
ἄρχων, -οντος, ὁ, (pres. ptcp. of the verb ἄρχω), [fr. Aeschyl. down], a ruler, commander, chief, leader: used of Jesus, ἄρχων τῶν βασιλέων τῆς γῆς, Rev. i. 5; of the rulers of nations, Mt. xx. 25; Acts iv. 26; vii. 35; univ. of magistrates, Ro. xiii. 3; Acts xxiii. 5; especially judges, Lk. xii. 58; Acts vii. 27, 35 (where note the antithesis: whom they refused as ἄρχοντα καὶ δικαστήν, him God sent as ἄρχοντα leader, ruler—καὶ λυτρωτήν); Acts xvi. 19. οἱ ἄρχοντες τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου, those who in the present age (see αἰών, 3) by nobility of birth, learning and wisdom, power and authority, wield the greatest influence, whether among Jews or Gentiles, 1 Co. ii. 6, 8; cf. Neander ad loc. p. 62 sqq. Of the members of the Jewish Sanhedrin: Lk. xxiii. 13, 35; xxiv. 20; Jn. iii. 1; vii. 26, 48; xii. 42; Acts iii. 17; iv. 5, 8; xiii. 27; xiv. 5. of the officers presiding over synagogues: Mt. ix. 18, 23; Lk. viii. 41 (ἄρχων τῆς συναγωγῆς, cf. Mk. v. 22 ἀρχισυνάγωγος), and perhaps also Lk. xviii. 18; ἄρχων τῶν Φαρισαίων, one who has great influence among the Pharisees, Lk. xiv. 1. of the devil, the prince of evil spirits: (ὁ) ἄρχων τῶν δαιμονίων, Mt. ix. 34; xii. 24; Mk. iii. 22; Lk. xi. 15; ὁ ἄρχ. τοῦ κόσμου, the ruler of the irreligioυs mass of mankind, Jn. xii. 31; xiv. 30; xvi. 11, (in rabbin. writ. שַׂר הָעוֺלָם; ἄρχ. τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου, Ignat. ad Eph. 19, 1 [ad Magn. 1, 3]; ἄρχων τοῦ καιροῦ τῆς ἀνομίας, Barn. ep. 18, 2); τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ ἀέρος, Eph. ii. 2 (see ἀήρ). [See Hort in Dict. of Chris. Biog., s. v. Archon.]*
ἄρωμα, -τος, τό, (fr. ΑΡΩ to prepare, whence ἀρτύω to season; [al. connect it with r. ar (ἀρόω) to plough (cf. Gen. xxvii. 27); al. al.]), spice, perfume: Mk. xvi. 1; Lk. xxiii. 56; xxiv. 1; Jn. xix. 40. (2 K. xx. 13; Esth. ii. 12; Cant. iv. 10, 16. [Hippocr.], Xen., Theophr. and subseq. writ.)*
Ἀσά, ὁ, (Chald. אֲסָא to cure), Asa, king of Judah, son of king Abijah (1 K. xv. 8 sqq.): Mt. i. 7 sq. [L T Tr WH read Ἀσάφ q. v.]*
ἀσαίνω: in 1 Th. iii. 3, Kuenen and Cobet (in their N. T. ad fidem cod. Vat., Lugd. 1860 [pref. p. xc.]), following Lchm. [who followed Valckenaer in following J. J. Reiske (Animad. ad Polyb. p. 68); see Valck. Opuscc. ii. 246-249] in his larger edit., conjectured and received into their text μηδὲν ἀσαίνεσθαι, which they think to be equiv. to ἄχθεσθαι, χαλεπῶς φέρειν. But there is no necessity for changing the Rec. (see σαίνω, 2 b. β.), nor can it be shown that ἀσαίνω is used by Grk. writ. for ἀσάω.*
ἀ-σάλευτος, -ον, (σαλεύω), unshaken, unmoved: prop. Acts xxvii. 41; metaph. βασιλεία, not liable to disorder and overthrow, firm, stable, Heb. xii. 28. (Eur. Bacch. 391; ἐλευθερία, Diod. 2, 48; εὐδαιμονία, ibid. 3, 47; ἡσυχία, Plat. Ax. 370 d.; Plut., al.)*
Ἀσάφ, ὁ, (אָסָף collector), a man’s name, a clerical error for R G Ἀσά (q. v.), adopted by L Τ Tr WH in Mt. i. 7 sq.
ἄ-σβεστος, -ον, (σβέννυμι), unquenched (Ovid, inexstinctus), unquenchable (Vulg. inexstinguibilis): πῦρ, Mt. iii. 12; Lk. iii. 17; Mk. ix. 43, and R G Lbr. in 45. (Often in Hom.; πῦρ ἄσβ. of the perpetual fire of Vesta, Dion. Hal. antt. 1, 76; [of the fire on the altar, Philo de ebriet. § 34 (Mang. i. 378); de vict. off. § 5 (Mang. ii. 254); of the fire of the magi, Strabo 15, (3) 15; see also Plut. symp. l. vii. probl. 4; Aelian. nat. an. 5, 3; cf. Heinichen on Euseb. h. e. 6, 41, 15].)*
ἀσέβεια, -ας, ἡ, (ἀσεβής, q. v.), want of reverence towards God, impiety, ungodliness: Ro. i. 18; 2 Tim. ii. 16; Tit. ii. 12; plur. ungodly thoughts and deeds, Ro. xi. 26 (fr. Is. lix. 20); τὰ ἔργα ἀσεβείας [Treg. br. ἀσεβ.] works of ungodliness, a Hebraism, Jude 15, cf. W. § 34, 3 b.; [B. § 132, 10]; αἱ ἐπιθυμίαι τῶν ἀσεβειῶν their desires to do ungodly deeds, Jude 18. (In Grk. writ. fr. [Eur.], Plat. and Xen. down; in the Sept. it corresponds chiefly to פֶשַׁע.)*
ἀσεβέω, -ῶ; 1 aor. ἠσέβησα; (ἀσεβής, q. v.); from [Aeschyl.], Xen. and Plato down; to be ungodly, act impiously: 2 Pet. ii. 6; ἀσεβεῖν ἔργα ἀσεβείας [Treg. br. ἀσεβείας, Jude 15, cf. W. 222 (209); [B. 149 (130)]. (Equiv. to פָּשַׁע, Zeph. iii. 11; רָשַׁע, Dan. ix. 5.)*
ἀσεβής, -ές, (σέβω to reverence); fr. Aeschyl. and Thuc. down, Sept. for רָשָׁע; destitute of reverential awe towards God, contemning God, impious: Ro. iv. 5; v. 6; 1 Tim. i. 9 (joined here with ἁμαρτωλός, as in 1 Pet. iv. 18); 2 Pet. ii. 5; iii. 7; Jude 4, 15.*
ἀσέλγεια, -ας, ἡ, the conduct and character of one who is ἀσελγής (a word which some suppose to be compounded of α priv. and Σέλγη, the name of a city in Pisidia whose citizens excelled in strictness of morals [so Etym. Magn. 152, 38; per contra cf. Suidas 603 d.]; others of α intens. and σαλαγεῖν to disturb, raise a din; others, and now the majority, of α priv. and σέλγω i. q. θέλγω, not affecting pleasantly, exciting disgust), unbridled lust, excess, licentiousness, lasciviousness, wantonness, outrageousness, shamelessness, insolence: Mk. vii. 22 (where it is uncertain what particular vice is spoken of); of gluttony and venery, Jude 4; plur., 1 Pet. iv. 3; 2 Pet. ii. 2 (for Rec. ἀπωλείαις), 18; of carnality, lasciviousness: 2 Co. xii. 21; Gal. v. 19; Eph. iv. 19; 2 Pet. ii. 7; plur. “wanton (acts or) manners, as filthy words, indecent bodily movements, unchaste handling of
