17 etc. and] Polyb. 34, 11, 15 on; [of a cataract, Dioscor. Cf. Trench § c.]): Acts xiii. 11. (Joseph. antt. 9, 4, 3 τὰς τῶν πολεμίων ὄψεις ἀμαυρῶσαι τὸν θεὸν παρεκάλει ἀχλὺν αὐταῖς ἐπιβαλόντα. Metaph. of the mind, Clem. Rom. 2 Cor. 1, 6 ἀχλύος γέμειν.)*
ἀ-χρεῖος, -ον, (χρεῖος useful), useless, good for nothing: Mt. xxv. 30 (δοῦλος, cf. Plat. Alc. i. 17 p. 122 b. τῶν οἰκετῶν τὸν ἀχρειότατον); by an hyperbole of pious modesty in Lk. xvii. 10 ‘the servant’ calls himself ἀχρεῖον, because, although he has done all, yet he has done nothing except what he ought to have done; accordingly he possesses no merit, and could only claim to be called ‘profitable’, should he do more than what he is bound to do; cf. Bengel ad loc. (Often in Grk. writ. fr. Hom. down; Xen. mem. 1, 2, 54 ἀχρεῖον καὶ ἀνωφελές. Sept. 2 S. vi. 22 equiv. to שָׁפָל low, base.) (Syn. cf. Tittmann ii. p. 11 sq.; Ellic. on Philem. 11.]*
ἀχρειόω, -ῶ: 1 aor. pass. ἠχρειώθην; (ἀχρεῖος, q. v.); to make useless, render unserviceable: of character, Ro. iii. 12 (fr. Ps. xiii. (xiv.) 3), where L mrg. T Tr WH read ἠχρεώθησαν fr. the rarer ἄχρεος i. q. ἀχρεῖος. (Several times prop. in Polyb.)*
ἄ-χρηστος, -ον, (χρηστός, and this fr. χράομαι), useless, unprofitable: Philem. 11 (here opp. to εὔχρηστος). (In Grk. writ. fr. Hom. [i. e. Batrach. 70; Theogn.] down.) (Syn. cf. Tittmann ii. 11 sq.; Trench § c. 17; Ellic. on Philem. 11.]*
ἄχρι and ἄχρις (the latter of which in the N. T. is nowhere placed before a consonant, but the former before both vowels and consonants, although euphony is so far regarded that we almost constantly find ἄχρι ἧς ἡμέρας, ἄχρις οὗ, cf. B. 10 (9); [W. 42]; and ἄχρι οὗ is not used except in Acts vii. 18 and Rev. ii. 25 by L T Tr WH and Lk. xxi. 24 by T Tr WH; [to these instances must now be added 1 Co. xi. 26 T WH; xv. 25 T WH; Ro. xi. 25 WH (see their App. p. 148); on the usage in secular authors (‘where -ρι: is the only Attic form, but in later auth. the Epic -ρις’, prevailed, L. and S. s. v.) cf. Lobeck, Pathol. Elementa, vol. ii. p. 210 sq.; Rutherford, New Phryn. p. 64; further, Klotz ad Devar. vol. ii. 1 p. 230 sq.]); a particle indicating the terminus ad quem. (On its use in the Grk. writ. cf. Klotz u. s. p. 224 sqq.) It has the force now of a prep. now of a conj., even to; until, to the time that; (on its derivation see below). 1. as a Preposition it takes the gen. [cf W. § 54, 6], and is used a. of Place: Acts xi. 5; xiii. 6; xx. 4 [T Tr mrg. WH om., Tr txt. br.]; xxviii. 15; 2 Co. x. 13 sq.; Heb. iv. 2 (see μερισμός, 2); Rev. xiv. 20; xviii. 5. b. of Time: ἄχρι καιροῦ, until a season that seemed to him opportune, Lk. iv. 13 [but cf. καιρός, 2 a.]; until a certain time, for a season, Acts xiii. 11; [ἄχρι (vel μέχρι, q. ν. 1 a.) τοῦ θερισμοῦ, Mt. xiii. 30 WH mrg. cf. ἕως, II. 5]; ἄχρι ἧς ἡμέρας until the day that etc. Mt. xxiv. 38; Lk. i. 20; xvii. 27; Acts i. 2; [ἄχρι (Rec. et al. ἕως) τῆς ἡμέρας ἧς, Acts i. 22 Tdf.]; ἄχρι ταύτης τῆς ἡμέρας and ἄχρι τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης, Acts ii. 29; xxiii. 1; xxvi. 22; ἄχρι [-ρις R G] ἡμερῶν πέντε even to the space of five days, i. e. after [A. V. in] five days, Acts xx. 6; ἄχρις [-ρι T Tr WH αὐγῆς, Acts xx. 11; ἄχρι τοῦ νῦν, Ro. viii. 22; Phil. i. 5; ἄχρι τέλους, Heb. vi. 11; Rev. ii. 26; see besides, Acts iii. 21; [xxii. 22]; Ro. i. 13; v. 13; 1 Co. iv. 11; 2 Co. iii. 14; Gal. iv. 2; Phil. i. 6 [-ρι L T WH]. c. of Manner and Degree: ἄχρι θανάτου, Acts xxii. 4 (even to delivering unto death); Rev. ii. 10 (to the enduring of death itself); Rev. xii. 11; and, in the opinion of many interpreters, Heb. iv. 12 [see μερισμός, 2]. d. joined to the rel. οὗ (ἄχρις οὗ for ἄχρι τούτου, ᾧ) it has the force of a conjunction, until, to the time that: foll. by the indic. pret., of things that actually occurred and up to the beginning of which something continued, Acts vii. 18 (ἄχρις οὗ ἀνέστη βασιλεύς); xxvii. 33. foll. by a subj. aor. having the force of a fut. pf., Lk. xxi. 24 L T Tr WH; Ro. xi. 25; 1 Co. xi. 26 (Rec. ἄχρις οὗ ἄν]; Gal. iii. 19 [not WH txt. (see 2 below)]; iv. 19 [T Tr WH μέχρις]; Rev. vii. 3 Rec.elz G; ἄχρις οὗ ἄν until, whenever it may be [cf. W. § 42, 5 b.], 1 Co. xv. 25 [Rec.]; Rev. ii. 25. with indic. pres. as long as: Heb. iii. 13; cf. Bleek ad loc. and B. 231 (199). 2. ἄχρις without οὗ has the force of a simple Conjunction, until, to the time that: foll. by subj. aor., Lk. xxi. 24 R G; Rev. vii. 3 L T Tr WH; xv. 8; [xvii. 17 Rec.]; xx. 3, (5 G L T Tr WH]; with indic. fut., Rev. xvii. 17 [L T Tr WH); [ἄχρις ἄν foll. by subj. aor., Gal. iii. 19 WH txt. (see 1 d. above)]. Since ἄχρι is akin to ἀκή and ἀκρός [but cf. Vaniček p. 22; Curtius § 166], and μέχρι to μῆκος, μακρός, by the use of the former particle the reach to which a thing is said to extend is likened to a height, by the use of μέχρι, to a length; ἄχρι, indicating ascent, signifies up to; μέχρι, indicating extent, is unto, as far as; cf. Klotz u. s. p. 225 sq. But this primitive distinction is often disregarded, and each particle used of the same thing; cf. ἄχρι τέλους, Heb. vi. 11; μέχρι τέλους, ibid. iii. 6, 14; Xen. symp. 4, 37 περίεστί μοι καὶ ἐσθίοντι ἄχρι τοῦ μὴ πεινῆν ἀφικέσθαι καὶ πίνοντι μέχρι τοῦ μὴ διψῆν. Cf. Fritzsche on Ro. v. 13, vol. i. p. 308 sqq.; [Ellic. on 2 Tim. ii. 9. Ἄχρι occurs 20 times in the writings of Luke; elsewhere in the four Gospels only in Mt. xxiv. 38.].*
ἄχυρον, -ου, τό, a stalk of grain from which the kernels have been beaten out; straw broken up by a threshing machine, chaff: Mt. iii. 12; Lk. iii. 17. (In Grk. writ. fr. Hdt. 4, 72; Xen. oec. 18. 1, 2, 6 down; mostly in plur. τὰ ἄχυρα; in Job xxi. 18 Sept. also of the chaff wont to be driven away by the wind.)*
ἀ-ψευδής, -ἐς, (ψεῦδος), without lie, truthful: Tit. i. 2. (in Grk. writ. fr. Hes. theog. 233 down.)*
ἄψινθος, -ον, ἡ, wormwood, Absinthe: Rev. viii. 11; ὁ ἄψινθος ibid. is given as a prop. name to the star which fell into the waters and made them bitter.*
ἄψυχος, -ον, (ψυχή), without a soul, lifeless: 1 Co. xiv. 7. (in Grk. writ. from [Archil., Simon. and] Aeschylus down.)*
