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Index 439 Rome, Church of, 227, 249, 256 el seg., 264 et seq., 326 ; reformation of, 288 el seg. Romulus Augustus, 226 Royal Society of London, 305, 337 Rubber, 377 Rubicon, 185 Rudolf of Habsburg, 269, 411 Rumania, 194, 217, 336, 390 Rumanian languages 194 Rumanians, 334, 398 Rurik, 410 Russia, 86, 128, 188, 191, 217, 223, 273, 276, 311, 316, 330, 336, 356, 370, 382-3, 388, 390, 394 et seg., 411, 41 2, 413 Russia, European, 69 Russia, South, 129, 177 Russian fleet, 410 Russians, 250, 379, 380 Russo-Japanese war, 382, 388 Russo-Turkish war, 372 Rustam, 242 Sabellians, 214 Sabre-toothed tiger, 41 Sacriflce, 100, 101, 159, 166, 174, 178, 202, 203. (Cf. also Blood sacrifice. Human sacrifice) Sagas, 104 SaghaUen, 383 Sailing ships, 89, 319 St. Angelo, castle of, 296 St. Helena, 386 St. Sophia, church of, 228 Saladin, 259, 410, 411 Salamis, battle of, 172, 408 Salamis, bay of, 130 Salerno, 269 Samarkand, 244, 282 Samnites, 408 Samos, 124 Samson, 113 Samurai, 381 San Francisco, 363 Sandstones, 25 Sanskrit, 93, 105, 149 Sapor I. 409 Saracens, 252, 253, 282 Saratoga, 321 Sardanapalus (Assurbanipal), 95, 96, 107, 108 Sardinia, 174, 177, 222, 293, 334, 370 Sardis 96 Sargon I, 86, 90, 107, 118, 407 Sargon II, 95, 107, 407 Sarmatians, 98 Sassanid dynasty, 217, 231, 409 Saturn (planet), 2, 3 Saul, King of Israel, 114, 407 Saul of Tarsus. (See Paul, St.) Savannah, steamship, 340 Savoy, 326, 333, 370 Saxons, 220, 253 Saxony, Elector of, 294 Scandinavians, 312 Scarabeus beetle, 200 Scheldt, 326 Schmalkaldic League, 296 Science, 138 Science and religion, 233 I Science, exploitation of, 343 Science, physical, 390 Scientific societies, 305-6 Scipio Africanus, 174, 178 Scorpion, 12, 17, 22 Scotland, 290 Scott, Michael, 269 Scythia, 408 Scythians, 98, 106, 128, 129 Sea scorpion, 12, 17 22 Sea trade, 89 Sea worms, 12 Seasons, the, 66 Seaweed, 12 Sedan, 371 Seed-bearing trees, 25 Seleucid dynasty, 174, 175, 178, 187, 189 Seleucus I, 143, 155 Seljuks, 255, 256, 260, 410 Semites and Semitic peoples, 86, 89, 90, 92, 105, 112, 118, 128, 166, 223, 244, 247 Semitic language, 193, 233 Sennacherib, 95 Serapeum, 202, 204 Serapis, 202 Serbia, 171, 191, 217, 218, 276, 336, 390 Serfdom, 198 Seven Years War, 412 Severus, Septimius, 193 Seville, 193, 203, 287 Shang dynasty, 100, 160 Sheep, 75 Shell necklaces, 52 Shellfish, 12 Shells, as protection against drying, 17 Sherman, General, 366 Shi-Hwang-ti, 165, 172, 408 Shimonoseki, Straits of, 382 Shipbuilding, 341, 380 Ships, 89, 115, 118, 142, 172, 187, 304, 306, 319 Shishak, 116 Shrubs, 35 Shumanisra, 283 Siam, 158