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OIc. ölunn, ‘a fish’; of obscure origin, perhaps akin to Aal. Alant (2.), m., ‘elecampane’ (a plant), from the equiv. MidHG. alant, OHG. alant, m.; of obscure origin; it has been supposed to be connected with the equiv. Span. and Port. ala. Alarm, m., ‘alarm’, first occurs in ModHG., like E. alarm, from the equiv. Fr. alarme; the latter is derived from Ital. allarme, prop., all’ arme, ‘to arms.’ See Lärm. Alaun, m. ‘alum,’ from MidHG. alũn, m. ‘alum,’ from the equiv. Lat. alûmen, whence also Lith. alunas, Eng. and Fr. alun, E. alum (AS. œlifne, also efne). Albe (1.), f.,’ alb.’ from MidHG. albe, OHG. alba, f., ‘a white vestment used at mass,’ formed from the equiv. EcclLat. alba (E. alb). Albe (2.), f., ‘bleak, whitebait,’ from the equiv. MidHG. albel, m., formed from the Lat. albula, whence also Fr. able. Albeere, Albeſing,, LG. ‘black currant,’ even in MidLG. albere; al- is generally connected with Alant (2). Corresponding to Du. aalbes, aalbezie. Alber, f., ‘white poplar,’ from MidHG. alber, OHG. albâri, m., ‘poplar’; prob. borrowed from Rom.; comp. Ital. albaro, which is connected either with Lat. albus or with Lat. arbor; OHG. arbar, ‘poplar,’ occurs once. albern, adj., ‘silly, foolish,’ earlier ModHG. alber, from MidHG. álwœre, ‘simple, silly,’ OHG. álawâri, ‘kind, friendly, well-disposed’ (with an interesting change of meaning from OHG. to MidHG.). The OHG. adj. signifies also ‘truly, quite true’; so Goth. wêrs ‘true,’ also means ‘friendly’ by inference from un-wêrjan, ‘to be unwilling, displeased’ (comp. too OHG. mitiwâriy, ‘friendly’). See wahr and all. Moreover, albern has not the present meanings in the UpG. dialects; Luther introduced it from MidG. into the written language. Alchimie, f. ‘alchemy,’ from late MidHG. alchemie, f., which is derived from the equiv. Rom. cognates — Ital. alchimia, Fr. alchimie — the origin of which from Arab. al-kimîâ and the earlier Gr. χυμός, ‘juice,’ is undoubted. Al- as the Arab. article is still seen in Alfali, Alforan, Alfade, Alhambra, Alkohol, Algebra. See Alkoven. Alfanzerei, f., ‘foolery,’ from MidHG. ale-vanz, m., ‘trick, roguery, deceit’; connected with OHG. giana-venzôn, ‘to mock’ |
(the al- of MidHG. as in albern?), also Firlefanz and Fant.
Alkoven, m.,’ bedchamber, alcove.’ first occurs in ModHG. from Fr. alcôve (comp. also E. alcove), which with its Rom. cognates is based upon Arab. al-qobbah, ‘vault, tent’; comp. Alchimie, also Alhambra, Alkoran. all, adj., ‘all, whole,’ from MidHG. and OHG. al (infl. gen. alles), adj., ‘entire, each, every one’; a word common to the Teut. group; it corresponds to Goth. alls, OIc. allr, AS. eall, E. all, Du. al, OSax. ol, with the same meanings. There is also an OTeut. form ala- in compounds and derivatives; comp. OHG. and OSax. alung, MidHG. alenc, ‘entire, complete,’ Goth. alamans, plur., ‘everybody,’ OHG. ala-wâr, ‘quite true’ (see albern), alaniwwi, ‘quite new.’ Probably Goth. alla- as a participial form is based upon an older al-na- (comp. voll, Wolle), since ala- shows that the root was al or rather ol. Whether Goth. alan, ‘to grow up’ (see alt), is a cognate, remains uncertain; in any case, the Kelt. words, OIr. uile, ule, ‘entire, each, all’ (base olio-), and W. oil ‘entire,’ are rightly compared with it, while Gr. ὅλος, on account of Sans. sárvas (from Aryan solvo-s), ‘entire, each,’ must be kept apart. — allein, adj., ‘solitary, sole,’ from MidHG. al-ein, al-eine, like MidE. al-one, E. alone. — allmählich, allmälig, adj., ‘gradual,’ earlier allmächlich and allgemach, from MidHG. almechlich ‘slow’; the later form allmälig is based upon Mal, ‘time,’ but the MidHG. form upon gemach. — Allmendee, f. (Alem.), ‘common land,’ from MidHG. almende, f., ‘common’; on account of the MidHG. spelling almeinde and algemeine, the derivation from gemeine is probable (OHG. *alagimeinida). The derivation from an assumed OHG. alagimannida ‘community,’ must be rejected, as such a form could never have existed. — Allod, n., ‘allodial estate, freehold,’ first occurs in ModHG., adopted from MidLat. allodium, which is the latinised form for the OG. and OFranc. alôdis, OHG. al-ôd, ‘entire property or possession, free property’; comp. OSax. ód, AS. eád, ‘estate, possession,’ OHG. ôtag, ‘wealthy.’ To this the Teut. proper name Odoardo, Edward, is allied. Alm, f., ‘mountain pasture,’ equiv. to Alpe. Almanach, m. ‘almanac,’ first appears in early ModHG., from Fr. almanack, which |
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