A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTTIONARY OF
wards of Gros in Paris. He exhibited in 1824,
'St. Louis a Prisoner,' and in 1827, ' Gautier de
Chatillon defending St. Louis against the Saracens,'
now in the Museum of Cambrai ; ' St. Paul at Athens,'
&c. He died in 1833, in his native city.
AUVRAY, Pierre Ladrent, a French engraver, who was bom in Paris in 1736, studied the art of engraving under Cars. He practised in Paris and in Basle. He engraved portraits of French come- dians and other subjects.
AUZOU, Pauline, net Desmarquets, a distin- guished paintress of familiar subjects and portraits, was bom in Paris in 1775. She was instructed by Regnault ; and several of her interesting pic- tures, purchased by the French Government, the Duchess de Berri, and the Society of Friends to the Arts, have been engraved. Two scenes from the Life of the Empress Marie- Louise, by her, are it VersaUles. Madame Auzou died in 1835 in Paris.
AVANZI, Degli (or De Avaciis). See Deqli AVANZI.
AVANZI, Giuseppe, was born at Ferrara in 1645, and studied under Costanzo Cattaneo. He painted many pictures for the churches and con- vents in that city, which are particularly noticed in Guarini's description of the pictures and sculp- ture of Ferrara. In the church of the Madonna della Pieta are four pictures of subjects from the life of St. Gaetano, and in the church of San Domenico is the ' Marriage of St. Catharine,' con- sidered his best work. In San Giuseppe are two scenes from the life of St. Thekla, the ' Annuncia- tion,' and ' Visitation of the Virgin,' scenes from the ' Life of Christ,' and other pictures. Numerous other churches in Ferrara possess examples of the art of Avanzi, who was one of Ferrara's best painters. He died in 1718.
AVANZI, jAcoro, (or Da Vakzo,) of Verona, has long been confused with Jacopo degli Avanzi of Bologna; but the remains of an inscription in the Cappella San Giorgio point to Verona as the birthplace of Avanzi. He painted decor- ations, in conjunction with Altichiero da Zevio, in the Cappella San Felice and the Cappella San Giorgio in the church of Sant' Antonio at Padua, in 1377. It appears that the principal frescoes in the Cappella San Felice were the work of Alti- chiero ; and of those in the Cappella San Giorgio, which were recovered from oblivion in 1837 by Dr. E. Forster, the part to be assigned to Altichiero has given rise to much dispute ; but it is thought by some authorities that Avanzi executed the principal portion. The frescoes represent the earlier part of the ' History of our Lord,' the 'Coronation of the Virgin,' the 'Crucifixion,' and ' Legends of St. George, St. Catharine, and St. Lucy.' Thry prove the painter to have been an artist of no common genius, and Kugler, in his description of them, speaks of liis art as being above that of his contemporaries. Avanzi also painted two triumphal processions in a public hall of Verona, which have long since perished He died about the end of the 14th century.
AVANZINO, Nucci, called from his birthplace ' Avanzino da Citta di Castello,' was bom in 1551. When he was still young he visited Rome, and became the pupil, and subsequently assistant, of Niccol6 Pommerancio. During the pontificates of Sixtus V. and Clement VIII. this painter was held in great esteem, and employed in the loggie of San Giovanni in Laterano. He also painted many pictures for the churches in Rome, of which Baglioni g^ves a particular account. Among his best works may be considered his paintings in fresco in San Paolo fuori le mora, representing the ' Miracle of the Serpent in the Isle of Malta,' the ' Decollation of St. Paul,' and his ' Taking up into the third Heaven.' Avanzino died at Rome in 1629.
AVECEDO, Cristobal, a Spanish painter, some- time scholar of Bartolom^ Carducho at Madrid. A Murcian bom, he is enumerated with the nobilities of the city by the native poet, Jacinto Polo de Medina. He painted for the chapel of the College of San Fulgencio, in Murcia, a large picture of that saint adoring the blessed Virgin; this, with other works executed for convents, gives a favourable impression of his powers. He flour- ished in the beginning of the 18th century.
AVED, jArnuES ANDRE JosEPH, who was bom at Douai in 170"2, received his first instruction in art from Bernard Picart. After some time spent in travel- ling in the Netherlands, he went in 1721 to Paris, and entered the studio of A. S. Belle. At that time he enjoyed the friendship of Carle van Loo, Boucher, Chardin, and other celebrated painters. He soon rose to great fame through his portraits, which he painted finely and carefully. In 1738 Rousseau sat to him ; in 1751 he went to the Hague, and painted the portrait of William IV. Soon after he executed the portrait of Louis XV., and was made painter to the king. Aved exhibited, at intervals, at the Paris Salons from 1737 to 1759. He died at Paris in 1766. A portrait by him of the Marquis de Mirabeau is in the Louvre. His works have been engraved by Balechou, L^picie, Mellini, Daul^, and others.
AVEELEN, Jan van den. See Van den Aveelen.
AVELINE, Antoine, a French designer and engraver, bom in Paris about the year 1691. He was probably the son and pupU of Pierre Aveline, 'the elder,' with whom he has been confused by Heineken, Le Blanc, and others. Antoine died in Paris in 1743. He engraved a number of plates of landscapes, and views of the palaces sind chateaux in France and other parts of Europe, executed in a neat and agreeable style. The following are worthy of notice :
Innocence ; after F. Boucher. Six volumes of Ornaments and Figures a la mode ; after Mondon^jUs. Eight Views of French Chiteaui. Foiu' Views of French Towns. Four Plates for ' Nouvelle Description de la Ville de Paris,' by Germain Brice.
AVELINE, Francois Antoine, who was bom in Paris in 1727, was the son of Antoine, and cousin and scholar of Pierre ' the younger,' but did not equal him in talent. He worked chiefly for the booksellers at Paris, and afterwards removed to London ; but either had not sufiScient ability or industry to succeed, for he died there in indigence in 1762. We have the following plates by him:
Neptune calming the raging waves ; after Boucher. The Four Seasons ; copied from Pierre Aveline. Chinese figures ; six plates ; after Boucher. The Chinese Bark ; after the same. The Spanish Musician ; after J. T'elsen. The Flemish Musician ; after D. Tenieri. View of a Port in the Levant ; after Vernet. Chinese figures and suhjects ; six plates j after PilUment. London, 1759.
AVELINE, Pierre, 'the elder,' was bom in Paris in 1660. He studied under Adam Perelle, and engraved landscapes, views of towns, and garden
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