MALIBBAN 92 MALLOW MALIBRAN, MABIA FELICITA (ma-le-bro?2sr'), a mezzo-soprano singer; born in Paris, France, March 24, 1808. She was the daughter of Manuel Garcia, a Spanish singer and teacher of singing. She made her debut in London in 1825, and soon her reputation extended over Europe. She married M. Malibran, a French merchant, who soon became bankrupt. Thereupon she returned to the stage, and was received with great enthusiasm in France, England, Ger- many, and Italy. Her first marriage having been dissolved, she married M. Beriot, a famous violinist, in 1836. She died in Manchester, England, Sept. 23, 1836. MALIC ACID, in chemistry, dHeOs^s C.HaOHX COOH Discovered by Scheele in 1785. It is very widely diffused through the vegetable kingdom, chiefly in combination with potassium and calcium. It is found in abundance in nearly all garden fruits, such as apples, cherries, and strawberries. MALIGNANTS, a term used in Eng- land by the Parliament men to designate those whom they considered to be the e^nl advisers of Charles I. They are so called in the "Grand Remonstrance," Laud and Strafford being singled out as the most prominent, and to their door are laid all the evils which afflicted the king- dom. Afterward the name was extended to all who sided with the king against the Parliament. MALINES (ma-len'), or MECHLIN" ^me/i'lin), a city of Belgium, on the Dyle, 14 miles S. S. E. of Antwerp. It has fine squares, noble buildings, and wide regular streets, but has lost its former gre^atness, and fallen far behind other Belgian cities in commercial enterprise
- nd industrial activity. As the see of the
primate of Belgium it still retains a cer- tain degree of ecclesiastical importance, and possesses numerous churches, the most noteworthy of which is St. Rom- bold's Cathedral, a vast building, cover- ing nearly two acres, its interior adorned with Van Dyck's "Crucifixion." It was mostly built in 1437-1452, but its clock tower, 324 feet high, remains unfinished. The churches of St. John and of Our Lady contain works by Rubens ; the town hall dates from the 15th century; the Cloth Hall (1340) is now used as a guard house; noteworthy also are the splendid modern archiepiscopal palace, the Beguinage, the Salm inn (1534), and the monument to Margaret of Aus- tria (1849). The manufacture of pillow lace, so famous in the 17th century (see Lace), has been largely transferred to Brussels, etc.; but linen and woolen fabrics, beer, needles, etc., are made here. The city was captured by the Germans in August, 1914, but they were forced out by Belgians of the Antwerp garrison. The Germans bombarded and regained the place, holding it to the close of the war. Pop. about 60,000. MALINGERING, feigning disease on the part of a soldier, sailor, prisoner, etc., in order to obtain discharge from service, or escape from duty or labor. As defined in the British Army Act of 1881 it implies some overt act, such as the previous application of a ligature, or the taking of some drug, which pro- duced the appearance of the disease said to exist. A worse form of the same crime, "wilfully maiming" — as blowing off the trigger -finger — is erroneously called malingering. MALLECO, one of the provinces of Chile. The W. part is mountainous, the main product of the province being tim- ber taken from the well-wooded slopes. Area, 2,900 square miles; pop, about 120,000. MALLOCK, WILLIAM HTTBRELL, an English author; bom in Devonshire, England, in 1849. He was educated by a private tutor, and afterward at Ox- ford, where, in 1871, he gained the New- digate Prize Poem. He never entered a profession, though at one time he con- templated the diplomatic service. "The New Republic," most of which he wrote while at Oxford, was published in 1876; a year later "The New Paul and Vir- ginia"; in 1879 "Is Life Worth Living?" appeared; in 1880 a small edition of "Poems," written, most of them, many years previous; the follovidng year "A Romance of the Nineteenth Century," and, in 1882, "Social Equality." Other of his works are "Every Man His Own Poet"; "Property and Progress"; "La- bor and the Popular Welfare" (1893); "Aristocracy and Evolution" (1898); "Reconstruction of a Belief" (1905); "The Nation as a Business Firm" (1910). MALLOBCA. See MAJORCA. MALLOW, a genus of plants of the natural order Malvaceae, whose species are herbaceous plants, or more rarely shrubs. The common mallow is plentiful over most of Europe, and in Great Brit- ain on waysides and heaps of rubbish. It is a perennial, with rather large bluish- red flowers on erect stalks. The dwarf mallow, also a common native of Great Britain, has smaller whitish or reddish- white flowers. The marsh mallow belongs to another genus.
