Page:Cyclopedia of Painters and Paintings, 1887, vol 4.djvu/118

ROUSSEAU Grouchy (1833), of Generals Dumouriez (2), Marbot, and Vandamme, of Camille Des- moulins, Versailles Museum ; Charles X., Aix Museum ; Marshal Grouchy, Amiens Museum ; Marshal Due de Eeggio, Nancy Museum. Bellier, ii. 425. ROUSSEAU, PHILIPPE, born in Paris, Feb. 22, 1816. Ani- mal and landscape painter, pupil of Gros and of Bertin. Espe- cially distinguished for his pictures of still-life in humorous relation to animals. Medals: 3d class, 1845 ; 1st class, 1848 ; 2d class, 1855 ; 1st class, 1878 ; L. of Hon- our, 1852; Officer, 1870. Works: Views in Normandy, etc. (1833-39) ; Post-Chaise (1841); City Eat and Field Eat (1845) ; Cat and Old Eat (184G) ; Mole and Eabbit, Flowers and Butterflies (1847) ; Farm- Yard (1848), Chartres Museum ; Interior of Farm- House, Cat and Mouse (1849) ; Divided in Two (1850) ; Importunate (1850), Luxem- bourg Museum ; Mother of a Family (1853); Kid browsing Flowers, Storks taking a Si- esta, Two Punch and Judy Artists (1855) ; Eabbit hunted by Fox-Terriers, Eesigna- tion, Eecreation, Farm-House in Savoy (1857); Gala Day (1859); Luncheon (1859), Valenciennes Museum ; Household Music, Kitchen (1861) ; Eabbit and Frogs, Search for the Absolute (1863), Nantes Museum ; Market in Olden Time (1864), Caen Mu- seum ; Every Man for Himself (1865) ; He makes his own Music, Autumn Flowers (1866) ; Chardin and his Models (1867) ; Eat retired from the World, Eesidence of Sir Walter Scott (1868) ; Summer, Autumn (1869) ; Fountain adorned with Flowers, First Plums and Last Cherries (1870) ; Springtime (1872) ; Mass (1873) ; Corpus Christi Day, Salad (1874) ; Cheeses, Wolf and Lamb (1875); Oysters, Poppies (1876) ; The Breakfast, Oh my Bagpipe ! (1877) ; Tulips (1879) ; The Courtyard (1880) ; Fu- ture Stewed Eabbit (1881) ; Two Friends, Cheeses (1882); Victuals, Asparagus (1883); Chrysanthemums (1884); Eat retired from the World (1885), Luxembourg Museum ; Esmeralda's Window, C. H. Wolff, Phila- delphia ; Peaches, Mrs. Wilstach, ib. Bel- lier, ii. 430 ; Larousse ; Claretie, Peintres (1874), 196 ; Meyer, Gesch., 714. EOUSSEAU, (PIEEEE ETIENNE) THEODORE, bom in Paris, April 15, 1812, died at Barbizon, near Fontainebleau, Dec. 22, 1867. Landscape painter, pupil of Ee- mond (1826) and of Lethiere. Showed himself a true "natu- ralist" in his first picture (1826) and up to 1848 when his works, after being for thirteen years excluded from the Salon by the academical jury then abolished, were re- admitted fought the battle of naturalism with varying success. W T ith Corot, Daubi- gny, Dupro, and Diaz, he founded the mod- ern French school of landscape painting, of which he is one of the chief glories. Few if any have surpassed him in the rendering of atmospheric effects, in the ability to dif- fuse light and air throughout a landscape, and in the power of communicating to oth- ers the deep feelings excited by nature in a highly sensitive organization like his own. The Forest of Fontainebleau, where he spent many years of his life, supplied him with an inexhaustible mine of subjects, which he rendered with rare felicity. Always in more or less needy circumstances, he was at the last annoyed by an intrigue about the Offi- cer's Cross of the Legion of Honour, and finally died of a broken heart. Medals : 3d class, 1834 ; 1st class, 1849, 1855 ; medal of honour, 1867 ; L. of Honour, 1852. Works : Signal Station on Montmartre (1826) ; Mountain View in Auvergue, Edge of the Woods in Compiegne, Herd of Cat- tle in the Jura Mountains (1835) ; An 78