Page:Cyclopedia of Painters and Paintings, 1887, vol 4.djvu/539

ZEPPENFELD Foppa, the elder, and partner of Buttinone, with whom he generally painted in com- mon. A few pictures are ascribed to him alone, as Madonna in the Ambrosiaua, Vir- gin with Saints and Kneeling Duke and Duchess Sforza, in the Brera (1494-%), and Annunciation in the Casa Borromeo, Milan ; but Lennolieff says there is no au- thenticated picture by him in existence. After 1501 he gave most of his time to ar- chitecture. In 1515 he became architect of Santa Maria sopra San Celso, and in 1519 of the Duomo, Milan. He wrote a treatise on perspective in 1524. C. & C, N. Italy, ii. 33 ; Vasari, ed. Le Men., vii. 127 ; xi. 271 ; Burckhardt, 608 ; Ch. Blanc, Ecole milanaise ; Lilbke, Gesch. itaL MaL, L 489 ; Lerniolieff, 459. ZEPPENFELD, VICTOR, born at Greiz, Reuss-Greiz, in 1834. Genre painter, pu- pil in Hamburg of Gensler, then studied in Munich and under Jordan in DQsseldorf, whence he visited Germany, Switzerland, and North Italy. Works : Morning before Riflemen's Festival : Grocery Shop ; Recov- ery ; Blind Musician ; At the Post-Office ; Mouse-Trap Seller ; Summer Theatre ; Sil- ver Wedding ; Kaulbach's Arrival in Olym- pus, A Burial (1871), Kuusthalle, Hamburg. Mailer, 571. ZEUXIPPUS. See Zeturis. ZEUXIS, one of the most famous of Greek painters, native of Heraclsea (proba- bly the Pontic), latter part of 5th century B.C. Ionic school. Called Zeuxippus by Socrates in the Protagoras of Plato (Brunii, ii. p. 77). It is uncertain whether his mas- ter was Demophilus of Himera or Neseas of Thasos, but he probably owed more to Apollodorus, who was at the height of his reputation when Zeuxis went to Athens, than to either of them. Pliny says (xxxv. 36 [61]) that Zeuxis entered the doors of art which had been thrown open by Apollo- dorus, and Apollodorus himself complained in verse that Zeuxis had robbed him of his art His characteristics were close imita- tion of nature and sensuous charm. In his works the highest standard of human beauty was reached, and the closest representation of those objects in nature which are incapa- ble of an ideal representation. But, accord- ing to Aristotle (Poet, vi. 5), they were want- ing in character, or that which elevates the moral sentiments. His Helen, in which were combined the physical charms of the five most beautiful virgins of Crotoua, was celebrated as the embodiment of the perfec- tion of female loveliness. It was consecrat- ed in the Temple of Juno in that city, but it was probably carried to Rome, as Pliny men- tions a Helena by Zeuxis in the Portico of Philip. Other pictures mentioned by Pliny (L c. ) are : The Infant Hercules Strangling the Serpent in presence of Amphitryon and Alcmena, probably the same as the Alcmena which the artist gave to the people of Agri- genturn, after he had arrived at the conclu- sion that there was no price large enough to set on his works ; A Jupiter Enthroned sur- rounded by the other Deities ; A Marsyas Bound, preserved in the Temple of Cou- , cord, Rome, supposed to have been similar in design to a picture found at Herculoue- um ; a Pan, which he gave to King Arche- lails of Macedonia, whose palace at Pella lie decorated ; and a Penelope. Lucian de- scribes (Zeuxis, 3) also his picture of the Centaur Family or Hippoceutaur, a female centaur suckling her young in the fore- ground, with the male in the background holding up a lion'a whelp to frighten the little ones. Lucian saw only a copy of this picture, the original having been lost in a vessel off Cape Malea on its way to Rome, whither Sulla had sent it from Athens. An engraved gem in the Florentine Museum is supposed to have been copied from it. A picture of Eros crowned with Roses is men- tioned by the scholiast to Aristophanes, a Menelausby Tzetzes, and a Boreas or Triton by Lucian (Timon, 54), as among the works of Zeuxis. That Zeuxis elaborated his paintings with great care may be inferred , from his reply to Agatharcus, who boasted of the ease and speed with which he worked :